發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-01 23:17

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：谷殼纖維素的改性及其對重金屬離子吸附性能的研究　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 谷殼 化學(xué)改性 吸附性能 重金屬吸附

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,工業(yè)污染已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)如今急需解決的問題,尤其是工業(yè)污染中重金屬廢水的污染問題。如何降低重金屬廢水對水體和土壤造成的危害,是環(huán)境保護(hù)工作者目前面臨的重大問題。目前,重金屬處理技術(shù)有化學(xué)沉淀法、絮凝法、離子交換法、電催化氧化法、膜分離技術(shù)和吸附法等。這些處理方法中生物吸附法具有基體材料廉價(jià)易得、來源廣泛、吸附有效環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn),其中農(nóng)林廢棄物更是成為基體材料選擇的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文選用農(nóng)林廢棄物谷殼為原料,將粉碎后的谷殼堿化處理后,通過環(huán)氧化、氨基乙酸化和氯乙酸化、酯化、胺化制備了兩種對重金屬有吸附作用的吸附材料。采用紅外光譜分別對兩種吸附材料改性前后的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征,通過靜態(tài)吸附實(shí)驗(yàn),考察了溶液p H、吸附時(shí)間和溶液初始濃度對谷殼改性材料吸附性能的影響,并根據(jù)其吸附行為進(jìn)行吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)和吸附等溫線擬合。吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)擬合結(jié)果表明,亞氨基二乙酸谷殼纖維素(IDACC)和酰胺基谷殼纖維素(CMCA)吸附Cu~(2+)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型都符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué),反應(yīng)速率的控制步驟是化學(xué)反應(yīng);吸附等溫線擬合結(jié)果表明,IDACC和CMCA對Cu~(2+)的吸附都符合Langmuir等溫吸附,且都屬于單分子層吸附。在研究吸附Cu~(2+)模擬廢水的基礎(chǔ)上,對實(shí)際廢水進(jìn)行吸附實(shí)驗(yàn),考察了所制備的兩種改性材料在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的可行性。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明廢水的pH對吸附效果有一定的影響,廢水pH值為8時(shí)CMCA吸附效果最好,而廢水pH值為6-7時(shí)IDACC吸附效果好。當(dāng)IDACC的投加量為2g時(shí),廢水中所含重金屬離子的濃度都達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而CMCA在除了Cd~(2+)之外,投加量為0.7g時(shí)其他三種重金屬離子含量達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。CMCA和IDACC這兩種材料對重金屬離子的吸附熱效應(yīng)完全不同,CMCA與重金屬離子之間的吸附作用是放熱過程,IDACC與重金屬離子之間的吸附作用是吸熱過程。經(jīng)過5次再生實(shí)驗(yàn),IDACC呈現(xiàn)出良好的再生性能,重金屬離子去除率能達(dá)到78%以上,而CMCA對四種重金屬的再生性能沒有IDACC的性能好,特別是再生后對Cd~(2+)的吸附性能表現(xiàn)出很差的效果。因此,IDACC更適合進(jìn)行實(shí)際推廣應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern science and technology, industrial pollution has become an urgent problem now, especially the problem of heavy metal pollution in industrial wastewater pollution. How to reduce the harm of heavy metal wastewater on water and soil caused by the major problems of environmental protection workers now face. At present, there are chemical precipitation, flocculation heavy metal processing technology the ion exchange method, electro catalytic oxidation, membrane separation and adsorption. Biosorption of these approaches is the matrix material is cheap and easy to get a wide range of sources, environmental protection and other advantages of effective adsorption, including agricultural and forestry wastes have become a research focus in the matrix material selection. This paper use agricultural waste rice husk as raw material, crushing after the hull alkalization, epoxidation, amino acid and chloroacetic acid, esterification, amination of two kinds of adsorption of heavy metals by suction Attached material. By using infrared spectroscopy of two kinds of adsorption materials before and after the structure was characterized by static adsorption experiments, the effects of the solution P H. The effects of adsorption time and initial concentration of solution on the adsorption properties of modified materials of rice husk, and according to the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm fitting the adsorption behavior. The adsorption kinetics of the fitting results show that the imino two acetic acid (IDACC) and rice husk cellulose amide husk cellulose (CMCA) Cu~ (2+) adsorption kinetic model with quasi two order kinetics, the reaction rate controlling step is chemical reaction; adsorption isotherm fitting results show that the IDACC and CMCA of Cu~ (2+) adsorption accords with Langmuir isothermal the adsorption, and belongs to the single molecular layer adsorption. The adsorption of Cu~ (2+) on the basis of simulated wastewater, the wastewater was investigated by adsorption experiment, preparation of two kinds of modified materials in practical application The feasibility of wastewater. The experimental results show that the pH has some influence on the adsorption effect, wastewater pH value is CMCA the best adsorption of 8, while the pH value of wastewater is 6-7 IDACC good adsorption effect. When the dosage of IDACC was 2G, the concentration of heavy metal ions contained in wastewater can reach the discharge standard, in addition to Cd~ and CMCA (2+), the dosage of 0.7G and other three kinds of heavy metal ion content reached the emission standard.CMCA and IDACC these two kinds of material thermal effect of adsorption of heavy metal ions on different adsorption between CMCA and heavy metal ions is an exothermic process, the adsorption between IDACC and heavy metal ions is endothermic. After 5 times of regeneration experiments, IDACC showed good regeneration performance, heavy metal ion removal rate can reach above 78%, and the regeneration performance of CMCA to four kinds of heavy metals is not IDACC good performance, especially after the regeneration of Cd~ (2+). The adsorption performance shows a poor effect. Therefore, IDACC is more suitable for practical application.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O636.11
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本文編號(hào)：1366647