本文關(guān)鍵詞：改性木質(zhì)素胺陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑合成及其溶液聚集行為研究　出處：《廣西民族大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 木質(zhì)素胺 陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑 聚集行為 無(wú)機(jī)鹽

【摘要】：木質(zhì)素是一種儲(chǔ)量?jī)H次于纖維素具有立體網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)的無(wú)規(guī)酚類高分子化合物。然而,來(lái)源于制漿造紙廢液的工業(yè)木質(zhì)素目前僅有6%左右(主要是木質(zhì)素磺酸鹽)被有效利用,絕大多數(shù)僅作為燃料燒掉而并未得到高附加值利用,造成了資源的嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi)。隨著石油資源的緊缺和環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題的加劇,工業(yè)木質(zhì)素的開發(fā)利用越來(lái)越受到人們的重視。因此,如何高效利用木質(zhì)素已經(jīng)成為世界各國(guó)競(jìng)相研究的重要課題。目前來(lái)看,國(guó)內(nèi)外科研工作者關(guān)于木質(zhì)素的研究重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)基本上都集中在化學(xué)改性制備上,對(duì)其溶液行為的研究相對(duì)較少。而木質(zhì)素本身的改性和改性產(chǎn)物作為表面活性劑在工業(yè)中應(yīng)用時(shí),都是在溶液的環(huán)境下進(jìn)行的,所以對(duì)其聚集行為的研究是十分必要的。本文以硫酸鹽木質(zhì)素、脫氫樅酸單己二酰胺、二乙烯三胺、甲醛為原料,通過(guò)Mannich反應(yīng)合成了木質(zhì)素胺陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑,并對(duì)其基本物化性能及溶液聚集行為進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1.木質(zhì)素胺陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑的合成及表征。以木質(zhì)素為主要原料,經(jīng)兩步Mannich反應(yīng)將脫氫樅酸基親油基團(tuán)及二乙烯三胺甲基親水基團(tuán)引入到木質(zhì)素當(dāng)中,制得了木質(zhì)素胺和脫氫樅酸改性木質(zhì)素陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑。2.研究了木質(zhì)素胺和脫氫樅酸改性木質(zhì)素陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑在弱酸性水溶液中的聚集行為。采用zeta電位儀、表面張力儀、紫外分光光度計(jì)等表征技術(shù)研究了木質(zhì)素胺陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑在水溶液中的粒徑、臨界聚集濃度、表面張力、zeta電位及其無(wú)機(jī)鹽、pH值對(duì)其聚集行為的影響。結(jié)果表明:(1)木質(zhì)素胺在稀鹽酸溶液中為帶正電荷的膠體溶液,其臨界聚集濃度(CAC)約為0.10 g·L-1。當(dāng)濃度低于CAC時(shí),木質(zhì)素胺在溶液中主要以單分子狀態(tài)存在;當(dāng)濃度大于CAC時(shí),主要以多分子聚集體的狀態(tài)存在。木質(zhì)素胺的zeta電位隨濃度升高先快速增加到最大值隨后略有降低,并隨鹽酸濃度的增加而降低。木質(zhì)素胺表面活性劑在沒(méi)有引入脫氫樅酸基團(tuán)時(shí),溶液的表面張力為44.09 mN·m-1,引入脫氫樅酸基親油基團(tuán)后為36.25 m N·m-1,表面活性明顯提高。木質(zhì)素胺陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑在甲苯溶液中水相分離出20 mL的時(shí)間是58.3 min;起始的泡沫體積為9.8 mL,5 min后的泡沫體積為6.9 mL。(2)加入無(wú)機(jī)鹽后,木質(zhì)素胺溶液的表面張力值升高,溶液的zeta電位下降,穩(wěn)定性能下降,木質(zhì)素胺在溶液中的粒徑先下降而后明顯增加,甚至聚集成更大的顆粒而形成沉淀。鹽對(duì)木質(zhì)素胺在溶液中聚集行為的影響隨著鹽的種類、用量和木質(zhì)素胺的濃度的不同而有所不同。溶液pH值對(duì)木質(zhì)素胺聚集行為的影響趨勢(shì)與無(wú)機(jī)鹽相似。
[Abstract]:Lignin is a kind of random phenolic compound, which is only second to cellulose with three-dimensional reticular structure. However, only 6% of the industrial lignin derived from pulping and papermaking wastewater is mainly used for lignosulfonate. Most of them are burned as fuel only, but not high added value, resulting in a serious waste of resources. With the shortage of oil resources and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the development and utilization of industrial lignin has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, how to utilize lignin efficiently has become an important subject in the world. At present, the research focuses and hotspots of lignin research both at home and abroad are basically focused on chemical modification, and their solution behavior is relatively few. The modification and modification of lignin as surfactants in industry are all carried out in the solution environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study their aggregation behavior. In this paper, kraft lignin, dehydroabietic acid was two, three, two amide ethylene amine formaldehyde as raw material, synthesized by Mannich reaction of Lignin Amine cationic surfactants, and the properties and solution of the basic physical aggregation behavior is studied, the main contents are as follows: 1. synthesis and characterization of wood prime amine cationic surfactant. With lignin as the main raw material, through two steps of Mannich reaction from dehydroabietic acid lipophilic groups and two ethylene three methyl amine hydrophilic groups into lignin, lignin amine was prepared and dehydroabietic acid modified lignin cationic surfactant. 2. the aggregation behavior of lignin and dehydroabietic acid modified lignin cationic surfactant in weak acid aqueous solution was studied. The effects of particle size, critical aggregation concentration, surface tension, zeta potential and inorganic salts and pH values on the aggregation behavior of Lignin Amine cationic surfactants in aqueous solution were studied by Zeta potential, surface tension tester and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The results show that: (1) the lignin amine is a colloidal solution with positive charge in dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and its critical concentration (CAC) is about 0.10 g. L-1. When the concentration is less than CAC, the lignin amine is mainly in the single molecule state in the solution; when the concentration is greater than CAC, it mainly exists in the state of polymolecular aggregates. The zeta potential of lignin amines increased rapidly to the maximum value and then decreased slightly, and decreased with the increase of hydrochloric acid concentration. The surface active agent of Lignin Amine without introducing dehydroabietic acid group, the surface tension of the solution is 44.09 mN - M-1, the introduction of hydrophobic groups from dehydroabietic acid was 36.25 after M N M-1, the surface activity was significantly increased. The aqueous phase separation time of Lignin Amine cationic surfactant in toluene solution is 20 mL, the time is 58.3 min, the initial foam volume is 9.8 mL, and the foam volume after 5 min is 6.9 mL. (2) after adding inorganic salts, the surface tension value of Lignin Amine Solution increased, the zeta potential of solution decreased, and the stability performance decreased. The particle size of Lignin Amine in the solution first decreased and then increased obviously, even aggregated into larger particles and formed precipitation. The effect of salt on the aggregation behavior of Lignin Amine in the solution varies with the variety of salt, the amount of the lignin and the concentration of Lignin Amine. The effect of pH on the aggregation behavior of lignin amines is similar to that of inorganic salts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O647.2

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