核電廠發(fā)生事故的概率極低,但是一旦發(fā)生事故,釋放出的放射性物質(zhì)可能對附近的公眾和安全工作人員造成嚴重的輻射損傷,因此需要及時評估放射性核素在大氣中的擴散情況,以估計放射性物質(zhì)對附近人員的照射劑量。利用估計的輻射劑量值可以評估輻射對電廠附近生物的損害以及潛在危險,從而制定合理的公眾緊急疏散計劃及其他應急計劃。本文使用MATLAB程序開發(fā)了基于高斯煙羽模型的大氣擴散模型計算代碼,用于估計放射性核素空氣濃度、總有效劑量當量(TEDE)、地面沉積濃度和地面照射劑量率。代碼包含多個輸入?yún)?shù)/變量,如放射性核素混合物及其活度、氣象條件、釋放高度和接收器高度、地表類型、大氣穩(wěn)定性等級、地表粗糙度、逆溫層高度、煙羽的浮力和動量抬升、呼吸速率、煙羽和環(huán)境溫度、煙羽可吸入部分和不可吸入部分的沉積速度。以K2/K3核電廠附近的地形和氣象信息作為輸入數(shù)據(jù),源項參考福島核電站事故相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。代碼綜合考慮了放射性核素在大氣中的運輸、沉積和擴散,計算了放射性活度時間積分空氣濃度、地面沉積濃度、地面照射劑量率、浸沒劑量值、吸入劑量值、地面照射劑量值以及總有效劑量當量。此外,代碼還可輸出人體器官劑量信息以及放射性混合物中...

【文章頁數(shù)】：74 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Significance of Research Topic
    1.2 Basis of Dispersion Modeling
    1.3 Research Objectives
    1.4 Research Methodology
    1.5 Thesis Outline
Chapter 2 Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling
    2.1 Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling overview
    2.2 Atmospheric Dispersion Models
        2.2.1 Box Dispersion Model
        2.2.2 Lagrangian Dispersion Model
        2.2.3 Eulerian Dispersion Model
    2.3 Gaussian Plume Model
Chapter 3 Gaussian Plume Modeling Code Development
    3.1 Decay Rate
    3.2 Depletion Factor
    3.3 Material at Risk
        3.3.1 Respirable/Non-respirable Source Term Component
    3.4 Sampling Time
    3.5 Deposition Velocity
    3.6 Atmospheric Stability Classification
    3.7 Terrain Types
    3.8 Estimating σ_y and σz

    3.9 Wind Speed
    3.10 Momentum Plume Rise
    3.11 Buoyant Plume Rise
    3.12 Surface Roughness
    3.13 Inversion Layer Height
    3.14 Wet and Dry Deposition
    3.15 Submersion Dose
    3.16 Committed Effective Dose Equivalent
    3.17 Total Effective Dose Equivalent
    3.18 Breathing Rate
    3.19 Dose Conversion Factors
    3.20 Human Organ Dosage
Chapter 4 Gaussian Plume Modeling Code Algorithm
    4.1 Input Data
    4.2 Input File
    4.3 Code Explained
        4.3.1 Defining input variables
        4.3.2 Formulas and Calculations
        4.3.3 Defining Dose Conversion Factors
        4.3.4 Creating Results Arrays
        4.3.5 Displaying Results
Chapter 5 Gaussian Plume Model Verification with HotSpot
    5.1 Time-integrated Air Concentration
    5.2 Total Effective Dose Equivalent
    5.3 Ground Deposition
    5.4 Ground Shine Dosage Rate
    5.5 Organ Dosage
    5.6 Thyroid Dose and Bone Marrow Dose
Chapter 6 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
Acknowledgements
Publications during Study
Appendix A
Appendix B



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