發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-24 22:13

【摘要】：隨著我國民航機(jī)場數(shù)量和規(guī)模的不斷增大,隨之而來的機(jī)場噪聲問題也日益突出,成為了一個(gè)重要的環(huán)境問題。如何科學(xué)地評估機(jī)場的噪聲,從航空運(yùn)行層面探索減噪措施成為了一個(gè)十分有意義且現(xiàn)實(shí)的問題。本文綜述了國內(nèi)外機(jī)場噪聲研究的現(xiàn)狀,詳述了各國使用的噪聲評價(jià)指標(biāo),并詳細(xì)介紹了我國機(jī)場噪聲評價(jià)指標(biāo)WECPNL的計(jì)算原理和方法,并以此為基礎(chǔ)和出發(fā)點(diǎn),綜合飛行程序、性能和噪聲計(jì)算理論,建立機(jī)場噪聲計(jì)算的一般模型。通過對基于飛行程序的各項(xiàng)減噪措施進(jìn)行全面的研究分析,涉及的減噪措施有減噪離場爬升程序、離場偏置程序、連續(xù)下降進(jìn)近程序和優(yōu)選跑道減噪程序,對其中的影響因素和導(dǎo)致噪聲等值線和監(jiān)測點(diǎn)噪聲值變化差異的原因和機(jī)理分別作了分析,然后借助于INM軟件和MATLAB等計(jì)算工具進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算驗(yàn)證。最后以深圳新機(jī)場為實(shí)證研究對象,結(jié)合機(jī)場運(yùn)行的實(shí)際情況,靈活運(yùn)用了各種減噪措施,建立一套實(shí)用性較高的減噪程序綜合方案,并對減噪前后的機(jī)場現(xiàn)實(shí)運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算,通過對實(shí)施減噪措施前后噪聲等值線的形狀、影響區(qū)域面積以及周邊居民區(qū)噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的詳細(xì)的分析評估,以及和機(jī)場當(dāng)局和環(huán)評等部門的溝通和商議,該套針對深圳機(jī)場的減噪措施方案可以大大的減輕了機(jī)場的噪聲問題,并且在現(xiàn)實(shí)層面也是具有很強(qiáng)的可執(zhí)行性。
[Abstract]:With the increasing number and scale of civil aviation airports in China, the problem of airport noise is becoming more and more prominent, which has become an important environmental problem. How to evaluate the noise of airport scientifically and explore the noise reduction measures from the aspect of aviation operation has become a very meaningful and realistic problem. In this paper, the present situation of airport noise research at home and abroad is reviewed, the noise evaluation index used in various countries is described in detail, and the calculation principle and method of airport noise evaluation index WECPNL in China are introduced in detail. Performance and noise calculation theory, the general model of airport noise calculation is established. Through the comprehensive research and analysis of the noise reduction measures based on the flight procedure, the noise reduction measures involved include the noise reduction field climbing program, the departure field bias program, the continuous drop approach program and the optimal runway noise reduction program. The influencing factors and the causes and mechanisms of the difference between noise isoline and monitoring point noise are analyzed respectively, and then the simulation results are verified by means of INM software and MATLAB and other calculation tools. Finally, taking Shenzhen new airport as the empirical research object, combined with the actual situation of airport operation, various noise reduction measures are flexibly used, and a set of comprehensive program of noise reduction program with high practicability is established. The actual operation of the airport before and after noise reduction is simulated and calculated, and the shape of noise isoline, the area of influence area and the noise standard of surrounding residential area are analyzed and evaluated in detail before and after the implementation of noise reduction measures. As well as communication and negotiation with airport authorities and environmental impact assessment departments, the noise reduction measures for Shenzhen airport can greatly reduce the noise problem of the airport, and it also has a strong enforceability at the practical level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V323;TB53

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本文編號：2485230