【摘要】：農村生活污水污水主要包括人畜糞水、洗衣廢水、洗澡廢水和廚房廢水,含有各種有機污染物、合成洗滌劑、油脂、懸浮物和病菌等。隨著城市生活污水設施的不斷完善,農村直接排放的生活污水,雖然每一處排放量小,但農村排放總量大,已是造成水環(huán)境污染和水體富營養(yǎng)化的主要原因之一。要使安徽省水體污染狀況從根本上改善,加強農村生活污水的治理越來越重要。目前安徽省農村生活污水的處理,在費用、環(huán)境、政策、管理等方面均存在一定問題,但是其所存在的問題歸根到底是由于處理工藝的選擇不當產生。本文歸納總結了國內外農村生活污水處理的主要模式,再結合安徽省本地的實際情況,提出安徽省農村生活污水處理的難點,并推薦兩種適合安徽省大部分地區(qū)的污水處理組合工藝。同時通過結合主要試點工程進行相關試驗研究,(1)對適合于安徽省大部分地區(qū)的兩種農村生活污水處理工藝,針對所要達到的目標《城鎮(zhèn)生活污水處理廠污染物排放標準》(GB18918-2002)一級A標準,分析了太陽能微動力A2O+潛流人工濕地組合工藝、高負荷滲濾田+反硝化池組合工藝的處理技術參數；(2)對于太陽能微動力A2O+潛流人工濕地污水處理工藝,試驗了分別在晴朗,陰天與雨天情況下產電量、曝氣量、好氧池DO濃度及污水處理效果的關系。(3)對于高負荷滲濾田+反硝化池組合工藝,在不改變構筑物、不增加投資的條件下,進行了混合調節(jié)池原水到反硝化池的效果試驗,并確定了最佳混合原水比例。試驗結果表明,(1)太陽能微動力A2O+潛流人工濕地污水、高負荷滲濾田+反硝化池組合工藝出水可以達到《城鎮(zhèn)生活污水處理廠污染物排放標準》(GB18918-2002)一級A標準(2)通過試驗發(fā)現太陽能曝氣機,晴朗跟陰天天氣條件下,曝氣量充足；雨天天氣條件下,曝氣量不能滿足系統的穩(wěn)定運行需要的條件,通過系統整改增加常規(guī)電源轉換接口(市電互補控制器)后,曝氣量達到要求。(3)通過試驗數據分析TN不能達標的原因是污水經過滲濾田后,C/N降低,不能給反硝化池提供足夠C源。對于反硝化池進水低C/N、低B/N的水質特征,在不增加外購碳源及堿度的條件下,選擇添加調節(jié)池原水到反硝化池的方式。在不影響其他出水指標的前提下,確定了最佳混合原水比例,對于本案例為10%,TN總體去除率提升約10%左右,達到77.5%。
[Abstract]:Rural domestic sewage mainly includes human and livestock waste water, laundry wastewater, bath wastewater and kitchen wastewater, containing a variety of organic pollutants, synthetic detergents, oils, suspended substances and germs and so on. With the continuous improvement of urban domestic sewage facilities, although the direct discharge of domestic sewage in rural areas is small, the total amount of rural discharge is large, which is one of the main reasons for water environment pollution and water eutrophication. In order to fundamentally improve the situation of water pollution in Anhui Province, it is more and more important to strengthen the treatment of rural domestic sewage. At present, there are some problems in the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Anhui Province, such as cost, environment, policy, management and so on, but the existing problems are caused by the improper choice of treatment process in the final analysis. This paper summarizes the main modes of domestic and foreign treatment of rural domestic sewage, combined with the actual situation in Anhui Province, puts forward the difficulties in the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Anhui Province. Two combined wastewater treatment processes suitable for most areas of Anhui Province are recommended. At the same time, through the combination of the main pilot projects, the relevant experimental studies are carried out, (1) two kinds of rural domestic sewage treatment processes suitable for most areas of Anhui Province, In this paper, the solar energy micro-power A _ 2O subsurface flow constructed wetland combination process is analyzed in view of the first class A standard of pollutants discharge standard (GB18918-2002) of the urban domestic sewage treatment plant, which is the target to be achieved. Treatment technical parameters of denitrifying pool combination process in high load leachate field; (2) for the sewage treatment process of solar-powered A _ 2O subsurface flow constructed wetland, the electricity production and aeration rate were tested under the conditions of clear, cloudy and rainy days, respectively. The relationship between the concentration of DO in aerobic tank and the effect of wastewater treatment. (3) for the combined process of denitrifying tank in high-load percolation field, under the condition of no change in structure and no increase in investment, the effect test of mixing regulating pool raw water to denitrifying tank was carried out. The optimum proportion of mixed raw water was determined. The experimental results show that: (1) Solar micro-dynamic A2O subsurface constructed wetland sewage, The effluent of denitrifying tank combined process in high load leachate field can meet the discharge Standard of pollutants (GB18918-2002) of Municipal domestic sewage treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). (2) it is found that the solar aerator is sunny and cloudy under the condition of sunny and cloudy weather. Adequate aeration; Under rainy weather conditions, aeration can not meet the requirements of stable operation of the system. After the system is rectified and modified, the conventional power conversion interface (municipal power complementary controller) is added. The aeration rate meets the requirements. (3) the reason why TN can not meet the standard is that C 鈮，

本文編號：2472817