【摘要】：旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展不僅需要旅游交通的便利,而且更需要旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的支撐。旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)解決了景區(qū)游客接待等問(wèn)題,但隨之而來(lái)的影響便是施工建設(shè)所造成的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。景區(qū)的旅游發(fā)展始于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè),較大規(guī)模的旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施如公路、觀光索道、游客服務(wù)中心等,規(guī)模較小的如游步道、棧道、觀景臺(tái)、涼亭、標(biāo)志牌等。這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的用途雖不盡相同,但其建設(shè)所引起的環(huán)境影響具有相似性。本文以彝海景區(qū)為研究區(qū),重點(diǎn)研究基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)項(xiàng)目對(duì)陸生生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響。本文首先采用了資料搜集、實(shí)地核實(shí)、訪(fǎng)問(wèn)、Arcgis制圖分析等方法對(duì)景區(qū)內(nèi)陸生生態(tài)環(huán)境進(jìn)行調(diào)查;其次定性與定量相結(jié)合分析基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)對(duì)陸生生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響;最后針對(duì)彝海景區(qū)工程特點(diǎn)提出對(duì)陸生生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護(hù)措施。本文獲得的成果如下:(1)彝海景區(qū)陸生植物的現(xiàn)狀包括種子植物區(qū)系分析、種子植物科屬多樣性與地理成分分析、主要植被類(lèi)型分析以及國(guó)家重點(diǎn)保護(hù)野生植物;陸生動(dòng)物的現(xiàn)狀包括脊椎動(dòng)物以及國(guó)家保護(hù)動(dòng)物;此外還包括了景觀、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的現(xiàn)狀。(2)通過(guò)實(shí)地法分析出各工程具體影響到的植物種類(lèi)和植被類(lèi)型;預(yù)測(cè)工程對(duì)陸生動(dòng)物會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么影響;運(yùn)用景觀生態(tài)學(xué)中景觀格局分析法、景觀多樣性分析法對(duì)研究區(qū)景觀所受到的影響進(jìn)行分析,得出各類(lèi)景觀的邊界密度、分離度、破碎度等景觀指數(shù);以及整個(gè)景觀的破碎度與多樣性指數(shù)等。利用Acrgis制圖所獲得的成果有植被類(lèi)型圖、景觀類(lèi)型圖、保護(hù)動(dòng)物分布圖。(3)建設(shè)施工影響最多的是植被,尤其工程區(qū)對(duì)植物的清理、施工占地對(duì)植物的傷害;進(jìn)而影響到一些動(dòng)物的棲息地。但多數(shù)施工影響都是暫時(shí)的,待工程結(jié)束進(jìn)行植被修復(fù)后,大多數(shù)會(huì)回到工程前的水平。景觀受人為的影響較小。
[Abstract]:The development of tourism needs not only the convenience of tourism transportation, but also the support of tourism infrastructure. The construction of tourism infrastructure solves the problems of tourist reception in scenic spots, but the following impact is the environmental problems caused by construction. The tourism development of scenic spots begins with the construction of infrastructure, large-scale tourism infrastructure such as roads, sightseeing cableways, tourist service centers and so on, and smaller ones such as walkways, trestle paths, viewing platforms, pavilions, signs and so on. Although the use of these infrastructure is not the same, the environmental impact of their construction is similar. This paper focuses on the impact of infrastructure construction projects on terrestrial ecological environment, taking Yi Hai scenic spot as the study area. In this paper, the methods of data collection, field verification, interview and Arcgis mapping analysis are used to investigate the terrestrial ecological environment in scenic spots, secondly, the impact of infrastructure construction on terrestrial ecological environment is analyzed by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Finally, the protection measures for terrestrial ecological environment are put forward according to the engineering characteristics of Yi Hai scenic spot. The results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the status quo of terrestrial plants in Yi Sea Scenic spot includes floristic analysis of seed plants, analysis of diversity and geographical composition of seed plants, analysis of main vegetation types and national protection of wild plants; The present situation of terrestrial animals includes vertebrates and national protection of animals. In addition, landscape and geological hazards are also included. (2) Plant species and vegetation types affected by various projects are analyzed by field method. Prediction of the impact of engineering on terrestrial animals; Using landscape pattern analysis in landscape ecology, landscape diversity analysis to analyze the impact on the landscape of the study area, the boundary density, separation, fragmentation and other landscape indices are obtained. And the fragmentation and diversity index of the whole landscape. The results obtained by Acrgis mapping include vegetation type map, landscape type map and protection animal distribution map. (3) the vegetation, especially the clean-up of plants in the engineering area and the damage of the construction area to the plants, are the most influential factors in the construction. Which in turn affects the habitat of some animals. However, most of the construction effects are temporary, and most of them will return to the pre-engineering level after vegetation restoration. The landscape is less affected by man-made effects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X82

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