曝氣生物濾池處理污染河網(wǎng)水的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-08 14:31
【摘要】：BAF的運行能耗較高,優(yōu)化BAF的運行方式,降低運營成本一直是研究的熱點。此外,微生物作為BAF工藝的技術(shù)核心,深入研究其內(nèi)部的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)與功能菌種,有助于更進一步的認識BAF系統(tǒng)的本質(zhì)、保證系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性以及提高系統(tǒng)的處理效率。本試驗采用火山巖作為BAF的填料,建立了BAF小試和中試反應(yīng)器。在小試規(guī)模上,在氣水比為1:1,流量為50L/h,濾速6.4m/h的條件下,通過連續(xù)運行的方式,研究了其預(yù)處理污染河網(wǎng)水的可行性。結(jié)果表明:在一年的試驗期內(nèi),BAF對污染水源水處理效果較好。溫度是影響生物反應(yīng)器處理效能的主要因素,但BAF對氨氮的處理效率均大于85%。在上述實驗基礎(chǔ)之上,通過采用間歇曝氣(間歇周期分別為1h、1.5h、2h和2.5h)的運行方式并同連續(xù)試驗進行比較,研究了BAF優(yōu)化節(jié)能運行的可行性,同時考察了不同溫度下,BAF對污染物的去除效能,試驗結(jié)果表明:間歇周期為1.5h時,BAF對各類污染物均有較好的去除能力,其中,BAF在常溫期對氨氮的平均去除率為82.27%,即使在低溫期,平均去除率仍有82.21%。說明優(yōu)化節(jié)能運行具有可行性。為進一步研究BAF工程應(yīng)用的可行性,將小試研究的成功果進行中試規(guī)模的擴大試驗,結(jié)果表明:常溫條件下,連續(xù)運行的BAF中試對原水中污染物仍具有較好的去除效果,即便在低溫條件下,BAF中試對污染物去除能力受溫度影響有所下降,但仍能達到預(yù)處理的目的。對BAF中試進行優(yōu)化,通過與中試規(guī)模的BAF連續(xù)運行的效果相比較,考察了不同溫度條件下,BAF優(yōu)化節(jié)能運行的適用性。試驗表明,間歇曝氣運行具有較好的適用性,其對污染物的去除效能較好,最優(yōu)間歇周期為1.5h。為進一步探討B(tài)AF在不同時間段高效運行的微觀原因,以BAF中試為研究對象,通過采用分子生物學(xué)PCR-DGGE技術(shù),深入研究了不同溫度下,穩(wěn)定運行階段的BAF內(nèi)部的優(yōu)勢菌種以及功能菌種,從而在運行中,為不同時間段BAF能高效運行提供參考。結(jié)果表明:BAF內(nèi)部微生物多樣性豐富。常溫期優(yōu)勢菌種為常溫條件下為:Nitrospira,Bacillus,Rhodobacter和Sphingomonas。低溫期優(yōu)勢菌種為:Flavobacerium,Exiguobacterium和Clostridium。BAF中主要的氨氧化細菌為Nitrosomonas和Bacillus,常溫期兩者都是主要功能菌種,低溫期為Nitrosomonas。硝化細菌為Nitrospira。不同溫度時期,BAF內(nèi)優(yōu)勢菌種不同,因此,在溫度變化之前,提高進水氨氮濃度,或者針對性的投加優(yōu)勢功能菌種,能有效應(yīng)對溫度變化引起的BAF去除率波動問題。這一研究思路,為試驗所在地水廠實際運行的生物濾池提供了參考。
[Abstract]:The operation energy consumption of BAF is high. Optimizing the operation mode of BAF and reducing the operation cost have been the focus of the research. In addition, as the technical core of BAF process, it is helpful to further understand the essence of BAF system, ensure the stability of the system and improve the processing efficiency of the system by deeply studying the microbial community structure and functional bacteria in the system. In this experiment, volcanic rocks were used as fillers for BAF, and BAF pilot-scale and pilot-scale reactors were established. On a small scale, the feasibility of pretreatment of polluted river network water by continuous operation was studied under the condition of gas-water ratio of 1 渭 1, flow rate of 50 L / h and filtration rate of 6.4m/h. The results showed that BAF had a good effect on the treatment of polluted source water during the one-year test period. Temperature is the main factor affecting the treatment efficiency of bioreactor, but the treatment efficiency of BAF to ammonia nitrogen is more than 85%. On the basis of the above experiments, the feasibility of optimizing energy-saving operation of BAF is studied by using intermittent aeration (intermittent period is 1h, 1.5h, 2h and 2.5h respectively) and comparing with continuous test. At the same time, the removal efficiency of BAF on pollutants at different temperatures was investigated. The results showed that when the interval period was 1.5 h, BAF had better removal ability to all kinds of pollutants. The average removal rate of ammonia and nitrogen by BAF was 82.27% in the normal temperature period, and 82.21% even in the low temperature period. It shows that it is feasible to optimize the operation of energy saving. In order to further study the feasibility of the BAF engineering application, the successful results of the pilot-scale test were carried out. The results showed that the continuous running BAF pilot-scale test still had a good removal effect on the pollutants in the raw water at room temperature. Even under the condition of low temperature, the removal capacity of BAF could be decreased by temperature, but the pretreatment could still be achieved. The optimization of BAF pilot plant was carried out. Compared with the continuous operation effect of BAF in pilot scale, the applicability of BAF optimization energy saving operation under different temperature conditions was investigated. The experiment shows that intermittent aeration has good applicability, and the removal efficiency of pollutants is better, and the optimal intermittent period is 1.5 hours. In order to further explore the microcosmic reasons for the efficient operation of BAF in different time periods, a pilot-scale experiment of BAF was carried out, and the molecular biology PCR-DGGE technique was used to deeply study the effects of different temperatures. The dominant and functional strains in the stable operation stage of BAF can provide references for the efficient operation of BAF in different periods of time. The results showed that BAF was rich in microbial diversity. The dominant strains at normal temperature are Nitrospira,Bacillus,Rhodobacter and Sphingomonas. at room temperature. The dominant bacteria in the low temperature period were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in Flavobacerium,Exiguobacterium and Clostridium.BAF, and Nitrosomonas. in the low temperature stage, which were the main functional bacteria in the low temperature period, and in the low temperature period, the main ammonia oxidation bacteria were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in normal temperature stage. Nitrifying bacteria are Nitrospira. The dominant bacteria in BAF are different in different temperature periods. Therefore, increasing ammonia nitrogen concentration in influent or adding dominant functional bacteria can effectively deal with the fluctuation of BAF removal rate caused by temperature change before temperature change. This research idea provides a reference for the actual operation of the biological filter in the water plant where the test site is located.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52
本文編號：2436903
[Abstract]:The operation energy consumption of BAF is high. Optimizing the operation mode of BAF and reducing the operation cost have been the focus of the research. In addition, as the technical core of BAF process, it is helpful to further understand the essence of BAF system, ensure the stability of the system and improve the processing efficiency of the system by deeply studying the microbial community structure and functional bacteria in the system. In this experiment, volcanic rocks were used as fillers for BAF, and BAF pilot-scale and pilot-scale reactors were established. On a small scale, the feasibility of pretreatment of polluted river network water by continuous operation was studied under the condition of gas-water ratio of 1 渭 1, flow rate of 50 L / h and filtration rate of 6.4m/h. The results showed that BAF had a good effect on the treatment of polluted source water during the one-year test period. Temperature is the main factor affecting the treatment efficiency of bioreactor, but the treatment efficiency of BAF to ammonia nitrogen is more than 85%. On the basis of the above experiments, the feasibility of optimizing energy-saving operation of BAF is studied by using intermittent aeration (intermittent period is 1h, 1.5h, 2h and 2.5h respectively) and comparing with continuous test. At the same time, the removal efficiency of BAF on pollutants at different temperatures was investigated. The results showed that when the interval period was 1.5 h, BAF had better removal ability to all kinds of pollutants. The average removal rate of ammonia and nitrogen by BAF was 82.27% in the normal temperature period, and 82.21% even in the low temperature period. It shows that it is feasible to optimize the operation of energy saving. In order to further study the feasibility of the BAF engineering application, the successful results of the pilot-scale test were carried out. The results showed that the continuous running BAF pilot-scale test still had a good removal effect on the pollutants in the raw water at room temperature. Even under the condition of low temperature, the removal capacity of BAF could be decreased by temperature, but the pretreatment could still be achieved. The optimization of BAF pilot plant was carried out. Compared with the continuous operation effect of BAF in pilot scale, the applicability of BAF optimization energy saving operation under different temperature conditions was investigated. The experiment shows that intermittent aeration has good applicability, and the removal efficiency of pollutants is better, and the optimal intermittent period is 1.5 hours. In order to further explore the microcosmic reasons for the efficient operation of BAF in different time periods, a pilot-scale experiment of BAF was carried out, and the molecular biology PCR-DGGE technique was used to deeply study the effects of different temperatures. The dominant and functional strains in the stable operation stage of BAF can provide references for the efficient operation of BAF in different periods of time. The results showed that BAF was rich in microbial diversity. The dominant strains at normal temperature are Nitrospira,Bacillus,Rhodobacter and Sphingomonas. at room temperature. The dominant bacteria in the low temperature period were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in Flavobacerium,Exiguobacterium and Clostridium.BAF, and Nitrosomonas. in the low temperature stage, which were the main functional bacteria in the low temperature period, and in the low temperature period, the main ammonia oxidation bacteria were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in normal temperature stage. Nitrifying bacteria are Nitrospira. The dominant bacteria in BAF are different in different temperature periods. Therefore, increasing ammonia nitrogen concentration in influent or adding dominant functional bacteria can effectively deal with the fluctuation of BAF removal rate caused by temperature change before temperature change. This research idea provides a reference for the actual operation of the biological filter in the water plant where the test site is located.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 吳為中,王占生;水庫水源水生物陶粒濾池預(yù)處理中試研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)研究;1999年01期
，本文編號：2436903
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