【摘要】：環(huán)境保護一直是全球所關注的熱點,而甲烷是主要污染氣體之一,不僅帶來生產(chǎn)生活上安全與健康的問題,還是造成溫室效應的主要氣體。對甲烷濃度的實時在線檢測,關系安全生產(chǎn)與健康生活。本文采用空芯光子帶隙光纖制作氣體傳感探頭,將光纖檢測技術與諧波檢測技術等弱信號檢測技術相結合,設計甲烷光纖檢測系統(tǒng)并實驗驗證。論文主要研究工作如下:(1)建立甲烷氣體吸收譜數(shù)據(jù)庫,分析并建立氣體濃度計算模型。通過分析甲烷的分子譜理論,根據(jù)Hitran 2012數(shù)據(jù)庫繪制甲烷分子吸收光譜圖,建立甲烷氣體濃度檢測的數(shù)學模型,。(2)提出采用空芯光子帶隙光纖作為氣體傳感探頭的設計方案,設計甲烷氣體檢測系統(tǒng)的光路系統(tǒng)。研究空芯光子帶隙光纖的傳輸特性,帶隙效應與擴散速度,為構建光纖氣室奠定理論基礎。選擇合適的帶隙寬度等參數(shù)的空芯光子帶隙光纖,比較兩種擴散端面下的擴散時間,構建不同結構氣室。(3)構建基于Labview的虛擬儀器的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)對甲烷氣體濃度的檢測。進行甲烷氣體光譜實驗,吸收實驗和評定實驗等實驗,實驗結果驗證了系統(tǒng)設計方案的可行性。(4)氣體檢測弱信號檢測技術的相關研究。研究經(jīng)驗模態(tài)分解(EMD)及其改進的總體經(jīng)驗模態(tài)分解(EEMD)在光學信號檢測上的應用,相對于小波降噪,從光譜圖上主觀評價以及通過參數(shù)標定,驗證了數(shù)據(jù)處理的有效性。
[Abstract]:Environmental protection has always been the focus of global attention, and methane is one of the main pollution gases, which not only bring safety and health problems in production and life, but also cause the main gas of Greenhouse Effect. Real-time online detection of methane concentration is related to safe production and healthy life. In this paper, the hollow photonic bandgap optical fiber is used to fabricate the gas sensor. The weak signal detection technology, such as optical fiber detection technology and harmonic detection technology, is combined to design and verify the methane fiber detection system. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the methane absorption spectrum database is established, and the gas concentration calculation model is established. By analyzing the molecular spectrum theory of methane and drawing the absorption spectrum map of methane based on Hitran 2012 database, the mathematical model of methane concentration detection is established. (2) the optical circuit system of methane gas detection system is designed by using hollow photonic bandgap fiber as gas sensing probe. The transmission characteristics, bandgap effect and diffusion velocity of hollow photonic bandgap fiber are studied, which lays a theoretical foundation for the construction of optical fiber gas chamber. In order to construct different gas chambers, we choose the appropriate band gap width and other parameters of hollow photonic bandgap optical fiber, and compare the diffusion time between the two diffusion end surfaces. (3) A virtual instrument data acquisition system based on Labview is constructed. The detection of methane concentration is realized. The experiments of methane spectrum absorption and evaluation are carried out. The experimental results verify the feasibility of the system design. (4) the related research of gas detection weak signal detection technology. The application of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and its improved total empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) in optical signal detection is studied. Compared with wavelet denoising, the validity of data processing is verified by subjective evaluation from spectral map and parameter calibration.
【學位授予單位】：燕山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X84;TP274

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