【摘要】：本文選取王樓氣煤和徐州國禎水務運營有限公司生產(chǎn)的脫水污泥為研究對象,充分利用污泥中含有的大量水分及其具有的熱值,將污泥摻混至水煤漿中制備污泥-煤漿。本文對城市污泥進行堿改性處理后與氣煤進行污泥-煤漿的制備,并研究了改性污泥-煤漿的成漿機理。通過對污泥-煤漿與水煤漿的成漿性能對比發(fā)現(xiàn),污泥-煤漿的成漿濃度低,流動性差,但漿體穩(wěn)定性較好;隨著污泥添加量的增加,制得的煤漿由屈服脹塑性流體轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橘e漢塑性流體,成漿濃度急劇下降,當污泥添加比例為5%(污泥干燥基占煤干燥基質(zhì)量的百分比)時,成漿濃度已經(jīng)降至54.11%,但漿體穩(wěn)定性提高。以污泥-煤漿的定粘濃度、節(jié)水率、游離腐殖酸產(chǎn)率為考察污泥改性效果指標,研究不同污泥堿改性條件下改性污泥-煤漿的成漿性能,結(jié)果表明在以Na OH為改性劑、改性時間1.5 h、改性劑用量為污泥干燥基質(zhì)量的20%的條件下制備的污泥-煤漿的成漿性能最好,所制得的改性污泥-煤漿的成漿濃度、穩(wěn)定性和流動性均有較大提高。在改性污泥添加比例為5%時,成漿濃度為57.55%,提高了3.44%。改性釋放了污泥絮凝體結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)合水,起到了很好的節(jié)水效果,當改性污泥添加比例為20%時,其節(jié)水率高達25.76%。通過分析分散劑在煤和污泥表面的吸附機理及其動力學、改性對污泥表面性質(zhì)及空間結(jié)構(gòu)的影響、改性前后污泥中水分賦存狀態(tài)的變化,研究改性污泥-煤漿的成漿機理。結(jié)果表明,氣煤、污泥和改性污泥對分散劑的吸附符合Langmuir等溫吸附模型,吸附常數(shù)KL的關系為改性污泥污泥氣煤,對分散劑的飽和吸附量的大小關系為改性污泥污泥氣煤。分散劑在氣煤、污泥和改性污泥表面的吸附過程符合二級動力學吸附模型,表明其吸附過程主要為化學吸附,吸附速率常數(shù)k2的關系為改性污泥污泥氣煤。改性增強了污泥的電負性,在吸附NSF后電負性進一步增強,增加了污泥-煤漿體系中顆粒之間的靜電斥力,改善了污泥-煤漿的流動性,提高了穩(wěn)定性。Na OH的強堿性使污泥絮凝體結(jié)構(gòu)遭到破壞,結(jié)構(gòu)變得致密,孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)減少,絮凝體結(jié)構(gòu)中吸附的水分被釋放出來,降低了污泥中水分的結(jié)合能,結(jié)合水含量從0.96 kg water/kg DS降至0.53 kg water/kg DS,提高了污泥中水分的利用率,降低了污泥-煤漿的粘度。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Wang Lou gas coal and the dewatered sludge produced by Xuzhou Guozhen Water Operation Co., Ltd. were chosen as the research objects. The sludge was mixed into the coal water slurry to produce sludge and coal slurry by making full use of the large amount of moisture contained in the sludge and its calorific value. This paper deals with the preparation of sludge-coal slurry after alkali modification of urban sludge and gas coal, and studies the mechanism of sludge-coal slurry formation. Through the comparison of the sludge-coal slurry and the coal-water slurry, it is found that the slurry concentration is low, the fluidity is poor, but the slurry is stable. With the increase of sludge addition, the coal slurry changed from yield swelling plastic fluid to Bingham plastic fluid, and the slurry concentration decreased sharply. When the sludge addition ratio was 5% (the percentage of sludge drying base to coal dry base mass), The pulp concentration has been reduced to 54.11%, but the stability of the slurry has been improved. The slurry properties of sludge modified with different sludge alkali-modified conditions, such as the fixed viscosity concentration, water saving rate and free humic acid yield, were studied. The results showed that Na OH was used as modifier. When the modification time is 1.5 h and the dosage of modifier is 20% of the dry base mass of sludge, the sludge-coal slurry has the best slurry properties, and the concentration, stability and fluidity of the modified sludge-coal slurry are improved greatly. When the ratio of modified sludge was 5, the pulp concentration was 57.55, which increased 3.44%. The modified sludge released the combined water in the flocculation structure of sludge and played a good water-saving effect. When the proportion of modified sludge was 20, the water-saving rate reached 25.76%. By analyzing the adsorption mechanism and kinetics of dispersant on the surface of coal and sludge, the influence of modification on the surface properties and spatial structure of sludge, and the changes of water state in sludge before and after modification, the mechanism of slurry formation of modified sludge and coal slurry was studied. The results show that the adsorption of gas coal, sludge and modified sludge on dispersant accords with Langmuir isothermal adsorption model, the relation of adsorption constant KL is modified sludge gas coal, and the relation of saturated adsorption amount to dispersant is modified sludge gas coal. The adsorption process of dispersant on the surface of gas coal, sludge and modified sludge is in accordance with the second order kinetic adsorption model, which shows that the adsorption process is mainly chemical adsorption, and the relation of adsorption rate constant k2 is modified sludge gas coal. The modification enhanced the electronegativity of sludge, further enhanced the electronegativity of sludge after adsorption of NSF, increased the electrostatic repulsion between particles in the sludge coal slurry system, and improved the fluidity of sludge and coal slurry. The strong alkalinity of. Na OH improved the stability of sludge flocculant structure, the structure became compact, the pore structure decreased, the water adsorbed in the flocculation structure was released, and the binding energy of water in sludge was reduced. The decrease of water content from 0. 96 kg water/kg DS to 0. 53 kg water/kg DS, increased the water use efficiency of sludge and reduced the viscosity of sludge-coal slurry.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703;TQ536

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