發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-29 11:16

【摘要】：在無錫市崇寧和旺莊環(huán)境監(jiān)測子站,通過對(duì)分級(jí)顆粒物進(jìn)行不同季節(jié)(2014年4、7、10、12月)的采樣,同時(shí)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)仡w粒物主要排放源進(jìn)行采樣,并對(duì)受體和排放源樣品濃度和化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行特征分析,結(jié)合化學(xué)質(zhì)量平衡(CMB)模型解析無錫市城區(qū)和工業(yè)區(qū)分級(jí)顆粒物來源,確定分級(jí)顆粒物不同排放源的貢獻(xiàn)率.兩個(gè)觀測站點(diǎn),PM10年均濃度分別為143.1μg·m~(-3)(崇寧站)、119.9μg·m~(-3)(旺莊站);PM_(2.1)平均質(zhì)量濃度分別為71.9μg·m~(-3)(崇寧站)、65.3μg·m~(-3)(旺莊站);PM_(1.1)年平均質(zhì)量濃度分別為53.7μg·m~(-3)(崇寧站)、49.9μg·m~(-3)(旺莊).崇寧站各級(jí)顆粒物平均質(zhì)量濃度均要高于旺莊站,季節(jié)差異上,顆粒物濃度在冬季明顯高于其他三個(gè)季節(jié).分級(jí)顆粒物最主要的化學(xué)成分是NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、OC、NH_4~+、EC、Ca、Cl~-、K、Fe、Al、Na等,通過質(zhì)量重構(gòu)方法后最主要的化學(xué)組分依次是顆粒態(tài)有機(jī)物(POM)、硫酸根(SO2-4)、硝酸根(NO-3)、銨根(NH_4~+)、地殼元素(CM)、其它水溶性離子、元素碳(EC)和微量元素.利用CMB模型計(jì)算得到,無錫市PM10的排放源主要為二次硝酸鹽(18.2%)、二次硫酸鹽(17.3%)、土壤揚(yáng)塵(9.0%),PM_(2.1)最主要的三類排放源依次是二次硝酸鹽(26.4%)、二次硫酸鹽(22.6%)和電廠燃煤(7.3%),PM_(1.1)的排放主要來自二次硝酸鹽和二次硫酸鹽,分別可以達(dá)到26.6%和22.5%.分級(jí)顆粒物來源解析結(jié)果可以看出,粗粒徑顆粒物主要來自于揚(yáng)塵類、汽車尾氣和工業(yè)過程,細(xì)粒徑顆粒物主要來自汽車尾氣和工業(yè)過程.為了減輕無錫市顆粒物濃度水平,重點(diǎn)是控制燃煤、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)中大氣污染物的排放,同時(shí)要加強(qiáng)城市建設(shè)中的揚(yáng)塵和交通廢氣控制.
[Abstract]:At the environmental monitoring substations in Chongning and Wangzhuang, Wuxi City, samples were collected in different seasons (4 / 7 / 10, December 2014), and the main emission sources of local particulates were also sampled. The characteristics of the concentration and chemical composition of the receptor and emission source samples were analyzed, and the sources of classified particulate matter in Wuxi city and industrial area were analyzed with the (CMB) model of chemical mass balance, and the contribution rate of different emission sources of classified particulate matter was determined. The average annual concentration of PM10 was 143.1 渭 g m-3 (Chongning station) and 119.9 渭 m-3 (Wangzhuang station) respectively. The mean mass concentrations of PM_ (2.1) were 71.9 渭 g m-3 (Chongning station) and 65.3 渭 g m-3 (Wangzhuang station), respectively. The average annual mass concentrations of PM_ (1.1) were 53.7 渭 g m-3 (Chongning station) and 49.9 渭 g m-3 (Wangzhuang), respectively. The average mass concentration of particulate matter at all levels in Chongning station was higher than that in Wangzhuang station, and the concentration of particulate matter in winter was obviously higher than that in the other three seasons. NO_3~-,SO_4~ (2-), OC,NH_4~, EC,Ca,Cl~-,K,Fe,Al,Na, etc. The main chemical components after mass reconstruction are (POM), sulfate (SO2-4), nitrate (NO-3), ammonium (NH_4~) and other water-soluble ions of (CM),. Elemental carbon (EC) and trace elements. According to CMB model, the main sources of PM10 emission in Wuxi are secondary nitrate (18.2%), secondary sulfate (17.3%), soil dust (9.0%). The three main emission sources of PM_ (2. 1) are secondary nitrate (26. 4%), secondary sulfate (22. 6%) and coal-fired power plant (7. 3%). The emission of PM_ (1.1) mainly comes from secondary nitrate and secondary sulfate, which can reach 26.6% and 22.5% respectively. It can be seen that the coarse particle size mainly comes from the dust, automobile exhaust gas and industrial process, and the fine particle size mainly comes from the automobile exhaust gas and the industrial process. In order to reduce the concentration of particulate matter in Wuxi, the emphasis is on controlling the emission of air pollutants from coal combustion and industrial production activities, and at the same time strengthening the dust raising and traffic exhaust control in urban construction.
【作者單位】： 南京大學(xué)大氣科學(xué)學(xué)院;無錫市環(huán)境監(jiān)測中心站;江南大學(xué)環(huán)境與土木工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(2016YFC0208504,2016YFC0203303) 國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(2014CB441203)
【分類號(hào)】：X513

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