【摘要】：我國(guó)東北、華北、華南等地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速,人口眾多,抗生素濫用嚴(yán)重,由此帶來(lái)的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。本文選擇三種典型土壤遼河平原標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土(gss-11)、華北平原標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土(gss-13)、珠江三角洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土(gss-16)作為吸附介質(zhì),研究氟喹諾酮類抗生素雙氟沙星和林可酰胺類抗生素林可霉素的吸附行為,以期為這些地區(qū)抗生素風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)及污染治理提供理論依據(jù),主要取得的成果如下:1)雙氟沙星和林可霉素在遼河平原標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土、華北平原標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土、珠江三角洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土上的吸附均符合Langmuir吸附方程。雙氟沙星的吸附是表面化學(xué)吸附和靜電作用,林可霉素的吸附機(jī)理主要是物理吸附和氫鍵作用,且雙氟沙星吸附能力大于林可霉素。2)p H對(duì)雙氟沙星和林可霉素的吸附與解吸起重要作用。整體趨勢(shì)是溶液p H接近p Ka時(shí)吸附量最大,然后隨著p H的增大或減小吸附量隨之減小。3)雙氟沙星在三種土壤上的解吸存在明顯滯后現(xiàn)象,遲滯因子R較大,在環(huán)境中不容易遷移;林可霉素在三種土壤上容易解吸,且當(dāng)p H降低時(shí)解吸百分比增加,遲滯因子R約等于1,在環(huán)境中容易遷移,易對(duì)地下水造成污染。4)林可霉素對(duì)雙氟沙星在華北平原標(biāo)準(zhǔn)土上的吸附有促進(jìn)作用,同時(shí)也抑制了雙氟沙星的解吸作用;雙氟沙星由于占據(jù)了林可霉素的羥基在土壤表面的吸附位點(diǎn)從而抑制林可霉素的吸附作用。
[Abstract]:Northeast China, South China and other regions have rapid economic development, large population, serious abuse of antibiotics, resulting in more and more serious environmental risks. In this paper, three typical soils, the standard soil of Liaohe Plain (gss-11), the Standard soil of North China Plain (gss-13) and the Standard soil of Pearl River Delta (gss-16) are selected as adsorption media. To study the adsorption behavior of bisfluracin and lincomycin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, in order to provide theoretical basis for antibiotic risk assessment and pollution control in these areas. The main results are as follows: 1) the adsorption of bisfluracin and lincomycin on the standard soil of Liaohe plain, the standard soil of North China plain and the standard soil of Pearl River Delta accords with the Langmuir adsorption equation. The adsorption mechanism of lincomycin is mainly physical adsorption and hydrogen bonding. The adsorption ability of bisfluracin was higher than that of lincomycin. 2) p H played an important role in the adsorption and desorption of bisfluracin and lincomycin. The overall trend was that the adsorption capacity of solution pH was the largest when pH was close to p Ka, and then decreased with the increase or decrease of pH. 3) the desorption of bisfluracin in three soils was obviously delayed, and the hysteresis factor R was larger. It is not easy to migrate in the environment; Lincomycin was easily desorbed in three soils, and the desorption percentage increased when pH decreased, and the hysteresis factor R was about 1, which was easy to migrate in the environment. It is easy to pollute groundwater. 4) lincomycin can promote the adsorption of bisfluracin on the standard soil of North China Plain, and also inhibit the desorption of bisfluracin. Bisfluracin inhibits lincomycin adsorption by occupying the adsorption sites of lincomycin hydroxyl groups on soil surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X53

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