蜂產(chǎn)品對(duì)環(huán)境污染指示作用研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-12 14:26
【摘要】：生物監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)是近年來環(huán)境污染監(jiān)測(cè)研究的熱點(diǎn)之一,利用生物體對(duì)環(huán)境變化的敏感性開展生物指示劑監(jiān)測(cè)環(huán)境污染水平的研究具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,而蜜蜂獨(dú)特的生物學(xué)特性決定了蜂產(chǎn)品可能成為可靠、靈敏、經(jīng)濟(jì)的環(huán)境污染生物指示劑。本文以蜂蜜和蜂花粉為蜂產(chǎn)品代表,多環(huán)芳烴類物質(zhì)(Polycylic Aaromatic Hydrocarbons,PAHs)和部分重金屬元素為環(huán)境污染物的代表開展研究。建立和優(yōu)化了蜂產(chǎn)品及環(huán)境介質(zhì)中PAHs和重金屬含量的分析方法,通過分析不同污染程度地區(qū)的蜂產(chǎn)品和土壤等樣品中PAHs、重金屬的含量,探究蜂產(chǎn)品與環(huán)境介質(zhì)中污染物含量的相關(guān)性,印證了蜂花粉是一種較好的環(huán)境污染指示劑,為評(píng)價(jià)環(huán)境污染程度提供一種新技術(shù)模式。本文分兩部分。第一部分是蜂產(chǎn)品中PAHs指示環(huán)境污染的研究。建立了Qu ECh ERS-GC/MS測(cè)定蜂花粉和蜂蜜中16種PAHs的檢測(cè)方法,乙腈作為提取溶劑,無水Mg SO4、PSA、C18和Florisil作為凈化填料,方法的檢出限為0.2~3.3μg/kg,回收率為61.0%~135.4%,相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差小于11.8%,方法的穩(wěn)定性和精密度較好,能準(zhǔn)確、快速、高效地測(cè)定蜂花粉和蜂蜜中PAHs含量。優(yōu)化了土壤中PAHs的GC-MS方法,優(yōu)化后的方法具有良好的穩(wěn)定性和精密度,方法檢出限為0.4~1.8μg/kg。實(shí)際樣品分析結(jié)果表明:環(huán)境介質(zhì)中的PAHs能通過生物鏈或其他途徑遷移至蜂花粉和蜂蜜中,其中蜂花粉較為適合做環(huán)境污染指示劑,通過分析某地區(qū)的蜂花粉中PAHs的種類與含量大致判斷該地區(qū)環(huán)境污染程度;而蜂蜜中PAHs的含量較低,使其不適宜定量地指示環(huán)境中PAHs的污染。第二部分是蜂產(chǎn)品中重金屬指示環(huán)境污染的研究。利用ICP/MS技術(shù)準(zhǔn)確測(cè)定樣品中11種常見的重金屬Cr/52、Mn/55、Fe/56、Co/59、Ni/60、Cu/65、Zn/66、Mo/95、Ag/107、Cd/114、Pb/208的含量,并對(duì)三個(gè)污染程度不同的采樣地區(qū)中環(huán)境介質(zhì)和蜂產(chǎn)品中的重金屬含量進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果顯示,土壤中重金屬含量相對(duì)較高且存在較大差異,洋槐植物中重金屬含量總體上較土壤中的低,且采樣地區(qū)之間差異不顯著。蜂花粉中重金屬的平均含量與環(huán)境污染程度的變化趨勢(shì)相同,且與環(huán)境介質(zhì)之間相對(duì)應(yīng)地重金屬含量存在較強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性。因此,蜂花粉較為適合做環(huán)境中重金屬污染指示劑;盡管蜂蜜中重金屬的含量較低,但其中Co、Fe、Mo元素對(duì)環(huán)境污染具有良好的指示作用。綜上所述,蜂花粉較適合作為環(huán)境中PAHs和多種重金屬的污染指示劑,而蜂蜜不適宜定量地指示環(huán)境中PAHs的污染,但蜂蜜中Co、Fe、Mo元素對(duì)環(huán)境污染具有良好的指示作用。本研究為評(píng)價(jià)環(huán)境污染程度提供一種新的技術(shù)模式,也為拓展蜂產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:Biological monitoring technology is one of the hotspots of environmental pollution monitoring in recent years. It is of practical significance to use biological indicators to monitor the level of environmental pollution by using the sensitivity of organisms to environmental change. The unique biological characteristics of bees determine that bee products may become reliable, sensitive and economical biological indicators of environmental pollution. In this paper, honey and bee pollen were used as the representative of bee products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Polycylic Aaromatic Hydrocarbons,PAHs) and some heavy metal elements as environmental pollutants. A method for the analysis of PAHs and heavy metals in bee products and environmental media was established and optimized. The contents of PAHs, heavy metals in bee products and soil samples with different pollution levels were analyzed. It is proved that bee pollen is a good indicator of environmental pollution and provides a new technical model for evaluating the degree of environmental pollution by exploring the correlation between bee products and the content of pollutants in environmental media. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part is the study of PAHs indicating environmental pollution in bee products. A Qu ECh ERS-GC/MS method for the determination of 16 kinds of PAHs in bee pollen and honey was established. Acetonitrile was used as extraction solvent and anhydrous Mg SO4,PSA,C18 and Florisil as purifying filler. The detection limit of the method was 0.2 渭 g / kg and 3.3 渭 g / kg, respectively. The recovery rate was 61.0 and 135.4, the relative standard deviation was less than 11.8. The method had good stability and precision, and could be used to determine the content of PAHs in bee pollen and honey accurately, quickly and efficiently. The GC-MS method of PAHs in soil was optimized. The optimized method has good stability and precision. The detection limit of the method is 0.4 渭 g / kg. The results of sample analysis show that PAHs in environmental media can be transported to bee pollen and honey by biological chain or other means, and bee pollen is more suitable as an indicator of environmental pollution. Based on the analysis of the species and content of PAHs in bee pollen in a certain area, the environmental pollution degree of this area was roughly judged. However, the content of PAHs in honey is low, which makes it unsuitable to indicate the pollution of PAHs in the environment quantitatively. The second part is the research of heavy metal indicating environmental pollution in bee products. ICP/MS technique was used to determine the contents of 11 common heavy metal Cr/52,Mn/55,Fe/56,Co/59,Ni/60,Cu/65,Zn/66,Mo/95,Ag/107,Cd/114,Pb/208 in the samples. The contents of heavy metals in environmental media and bee products in three sampling areas with different pollution levels were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in soil was relatively high and there was great difference. The content of heavy metals in Robinia pseudoacacia plants was lower than that in soil, and there was no significant difference between sampling regions. The average content of heavy metals in bee pollen was the same as that of environmental pollution, and there was a strong correlation between the content of heavy metals and the environmental medium. Therefore, bee pollen is more suitable as indicator of heavy metal pollution in the environment, although the content of heavy metals in honey is relatively low, the Co,Fe,Mo element is a good indicator of environmental pollution. In conclusion, bee pollen is more suitable as an indicator of PAHs and many heavy metals in the environment, but honey is not suitable to quantitatively indicate the pollution of PAHs in the environment, but the element of Co,Fe,Mo in honey is a good indicator of environmental pollution. This study provides a new technological model for evaluating the environmental pollution and a new way to expand the application field of bee industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X835;TS218
本文編號(hào)：2374738
[Abstract]:Biological monitoring technology is one of the hotspots of environmental pollution monitoring in recent years. It is of practical significance to use biological indicators to monitor the level of environmental pollution by using the sensitivity of organisms to environmental change. The unique biological characteristics of bees determine that bee products may become reliable, sensitive and economical biological indicators of environmental pollution. In this paper, honey and bee pollen were used as the representative of bee products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Polycylic Aaromatic Hydrocarbons,PAHs) and some heavy metal elements as environmental pollutants. A method for the analysis of PAHs and heavy metals in bee products and environmental media was established and optimized. The contents of PAHs, heavy metals in bee products and soil samples with different pollution levels were analyzed. It is proved that bee pollen is a good indicator of environmental pollution and provides a new technical model for evaluating the degree of environmental pollution by exploring the correlation between bee products and the content of pollutants in environmental media. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part is the study of PAHs indicating environmental pollution in bee products. A Qu ECh ERS-GC/MS method for the determination of 16 kinds of PAHs in bee pollen and honey was established. Acetonitrile was used as extraction solvent and anhydrous Mg SO4,PSA,C18 and Florisil as purifying filler. The detection limit of the method was 0.2 渭 g / kg and 3.3 渭 g / kg, respectively. The recovery rate was 61.0 and 135.4, the relative standard deviation was less than 11.8. The method had good stability and precision, and could be used to determine the content of PAHs in bee pollen and honey accurately, quickly and efficiently. The GC-MS method of PAHs in soil was optimized. The optimized method has good stability and precision. The detection limit of the method is 0.4 渭 g / kg. The results of sample analysis show that PAHs in environmental media can be transported to bee pollen and honey by biological chain or other means, and bee pollen is more suitable as an indicator of environmental pollution. Based on the analysis of the species and content of PAHs in bee pollen in a certain area, the environmental pollution degree of this area was roughly judged. However, the content of PAHs in honey is low, which makes it unsuitable to indicate the pollution of PAHs in the environment quantitatively. The second part is the research of heavy metal indicating environmental pollution in bee products. ICP/MS technique was used to determine the contents of 11 common heavy metal Cr/52,Mn/55,Fe/56,Co/59,Ni/60,Cu/65,Zn/66,Mo/95,Ag/107,Cd/114,Pb/208 in the samples. The contents of heavy metals in environmental media and bee products in three sampling areas with different pollution levels were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in soil was relatively high and there was great difference. The content of heavy metals in Robinia pseudoacacia plants was lower than that in soil, and there was no significant difference between sampling regions. The average content of heavy metals in bee pollen was the same as that of environmental pollution, and there was a strong correlation between the content of heavy metals and the environmental medium. Therefore, bee pollen is more suitable as indicator of heavy metal pollution in the environment, although the content of heavy metals in honey is relatively low, the Co,Fe,Mo element is a good indicator of environmental pollution. In conclusion, bee pollen is more suitable as an indicator of PAHs and many heavy metals in the environment, but honey is not suitable to quantitatively indicate the pollution of PAHs in the environment, but the element of Co,Fe,Mo in honey is a good indicator of environmental pollution. This study provides a new technological model for evaluating the environmental pollution and a new way to expand the application field of bee industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X835;TS218
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