【摘要】：霧霾顆粒物進(jìn)入人身體后,會(huì)嚴(yán)重威脅人類(lèi)的健康和生命,而呼吸道是霧霾顆粒物致病的主要通道。了解氣流在人體呼吸道內(nèi)的流動(dòng)情況及可吸入顆粒物在其中的沉積規(guī)律,可以幫助人們認(rèn)識(shí)呼吸道疾病的致病機(jī)理、找到治療呼吸道疾病的方法,而且可以對(duì)一些噴發(fā)式深入氣管類(lèi)藥物的研究開(kāi)發(fā)具有指導(dǎo)意義。本文基于真實(shí)人體上呼吸道模型,研究了呼吸道內(nèi)氣流的流動(dòng)情況以及霧霾顆粒物在其中的沉積特征,主要進(jìn)行了以下幾方面的研究工作:1、應(yīng)用真實(shí)人體醫(yī)學(xué)CT原始數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行了鼻腔上呼吸道至?xí)䥇挷课坏娜S重構(gòu),精確塑造了整個(gè)上呼吸道結(jié)構(gòu)。2、采用大渦模擬方法,計(jì)算計(jì)算了三種呼吸強(qiáng)度下,即Q=15 L/min(靜坐),30 L/min(輕微運(yùn)動(dòng)),60L/min(劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng))非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸時(shí)上呼吸道內(nèi)部的流場(chǎng),分析了各特征部位及整個(gè)上呼吸道的氣流運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。3、基于拉格朗日方法,模擬了三種呼吸強(qiáng)度下不同顆粒物粒徑,即d=0.5μm,1μm,2.5μm,5μm,10μm顆粒物在呼吸道內(nèi)部的運(yùn)動(dòng)和沉積。統(tǒng)計(jì)了不同粒徑段顆粒物在呼吸道各部位的局部沉積率、整體沉積率以及逃逸率。總結(jié)出可吸入顆粒物在上呼吸道內(nèi)部的沉積規(guī)律。4、對(duì)較大粒徑的顆粒進(jìn)行氣固雙向耦合模擬,分析對(duì)比沉積率的不同之處。
[Abstract]:The entry of haze particles into human body will seriously threaten human health and life, and respiratory tract is the main pathogenicity channel of haze particles. Understanding the flow of airflow in the body's respiratory tract and the deposition of respirable particles in it can help people understand the pathogenic mechanism of respiratory diseases and find ways to treat them. It can also be used for the research and development of some eruptive-type tracheobronchial drugs. Based on the model of real human upper respiratory tract, the flow of airflow in the respiratory tract and the deposition characteristics of haze particles in it were studied in this paper. The main works were as follows: 1. The raw data of real human medical CT were used. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the upper respiratory tract to the epiglottic part of the nasal cavity was carried out, and the entire structure of the upper respiratory tract was accurately molded. 2. By using the large eddy simulation method, three breathing intensities, Q15 L/min, were calculated. The flow field inside the upper respiratory tract during 30 L/min (slight exercise) and 60L/min (intense exercise) unsteady breathing is analyzed. 3 based on the Lagrangian method, the airflow movement of each characteristic part and the whole upper respiratory tract is analyzed. The movement and deposition of particles with different particle sizes (0.5 渭 m) and 2.5 渭 m (2.5 渭 m) and 10 渭 m (10 渭 m) in respiratory tract were simulated. The local deposition rate, overall deposition rate and escape rate of particles with different particle sizes in various parts of respiratory tract were calculated. The deposition rules of inhalable particles in upper respiratory tract were summarized. 4. The gas-solid bidirectional coupling simulation of larger particle size was carried out to analyze and compare the differences of deposition rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)計(jì)量大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R56;X513

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本文編號(hào)：2366596