【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)保有量的快速增加,機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)對(duì)大氣污染的貢獻(xiàn)也越來(lái)越大,特別是柴油機(jī)尾氣顆粒污染物的排放,其炭黑顆粒物排放量最高能達(dá)到汽油機(jī)的100倍。因此對(duì)柴油機(jī)尾氣炭黑顆粒物去除的研究已經(jīng)刻不容緩。 本文利用等離子體協(xié)同催化劑對(duì)柴油機(jī)尾氣炭黑顆粒物的研究,海泡石為催化劑載體,因?yàn)槲覈?guó)貯藏量豐富且價(jià)格低廉,適合工業(yè)化應(yīng)用。其獨(dú)特的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)使其具有較大的比表面積和良好的吸附性能。本實(shí)驗(yàn)為提高其活性,通過(guò)鹽酸酸洗改變其晶體結(jié)構(gòu),原理是用H+取代晶體結(jié)構(gòu)中的金屬離子,使催化劑晶體結(jié)構(gòu)相互貫通,比表面積增大,吸附和反應(yīng)空間更大,為炭黑顆粒物的凈化提供了更多的可能。 本文還研究了等離子體放電的脈沖電壓和放電頻率等工藝參數(shù)對(duì)炭黑凈化率的影響；研究了適合于柴油機(jī)尾氣凈化的最佳氣體流速；并對(duì)脈沖電壓、放電頻率和尾氣流速作了正交實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行確定最優(yōu)條件。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示：在一定范圍內(nèi),隨著脈沖電壓和放電頻率的增加,煙炭?jī)艋食尸F(xiàn)出不斷上升的趨勢(shì),但當(dāng)脈沖電壓達(dá)到30kv后,炭黑凈化率的增加變得不明顯,隨著放電頻率的升高炭黑凈化率不斷升高,原因是隨著電壓頻率的升高,等離子體能量越高,反應(yīng)劇烈。 本研究為等離子體去除柴油機(jī)尾氣中炭黑顆粒提供了理論依據(jù)。為柴油機(jī)尾氣炭黑顆粒物的凈化具有一定指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of vehicle ownership in China, the contribution of motor vehicles to air pollution is increasing, especially the emission of particulate pollutants from diesel engine exhaust gas, which can be as high as 100 times that of gasoline engine. Therefore, it is urgent to study the removal of carbon black particles from diesel engine exhaust gas. In this paper, plasma co-catalyst was used to study the particulate matter of diesel engine exhaust carbon black. Sepiolite was used as catalyst carrier, because of its rich storage quantity and low price, it is suitable for industrial application. Its unique network structure makes it have a large specific surface area and good adsorption performance. In order to improve its activity, the crystal structure was changed by acid pickling with hydrochloric acid. The principle was that H was used to replace the metal ions in the crystal structure, so that the crystal structure of the catalyst was connected with each other, the specific surface area was increased, and the adsorption and reaction space was larger. It provides more possibilities for the purification of carbon black particles. The influence of plasma discharge parameters such as pulse voltage and discharge frequency on the purification rate of carbon black was also studied, and the optimum gas flow rate suitable for diesel engine exhaust gas purification was studied. The optimal conditions were determined by orthogonal experiments on pulse voltage, discharge frequency and tail gas velocity. The experimental results show that, with the increase of pulse voltage and discharge frequency, the purification rate of carbon smoke is increasing in a certain range, but when the pulse voltage reaches 30kv, the increase of carbon black purification rate is not obvious. The purification rate of carbon black increases with the increase of discharge frequency, because with the increase of voltage frequency, the higher the plasma energy is, the more intense the reaction is. This study provides a theoretical basis for plasma removal of carbon black particles from diesel engine exhaust gas. It has certain guiding significance for the purification of diesel exhaust carbon black particles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ426;X734

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