【摘要】：中國(guó)是海洋大國(guó),“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”的戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想為促進(jìn)我國(guó)從海洋大國(guó)向海洋強(qiáng)國(guó)的邁進(jìn)制定了目標(biāo),因此發(fā)展海洋經(jīng)濟(jì),提高海洋科研水平,海洋生物質(zhì)資源化等都具有重要戰(zhàn)略意義。本研究以海帶加工產(chǎn)業(yè)中產(chǎn)生的廢渣為原料,研究并評(píng)價(jià)海帶渣生物質(zhì)資源利用的可行性,期待能夠?qū)⒑г?變廢為寶‖,既克服其帶來(lái)的環(huán)境污染難題,又可以帶來(lái)較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。課題首先以海帶渣為材料,進(jìn)行了海藻多糖提取工藝的優(yōu)化研究。采用均勻設(shè)計(jì)法進(jìn)行方案設(shè)計(jì),探討了海藻多糖提取工藝中不同提取溫度、提取p H、提取時(shí)間、提取次數(shù)以及不同料液比對(duì)多糖提取率的影響。通過(guò)建立不同優(yōu)化模型,采用多種回歸分析方式進(jìn)行分析,確定了以多糖提取率為優(yōu)化指標(biāo)的海藻多糖提取工藝:提取溫度123.7℃,提取p H為8.25,提取時(shí)間96.6min,提取三次,料液比為1:9.7。該模型預(yù)測(cè)海帶渣多糖提取率的預(yù)測(cè)值為2.19%,驗(yàn)證實(shí)測(cè)值為2.44%,優(yōu)化條件下獲得的多糖提取率比優(yōu)化前的多糖提取率提高約50%,并且顯著高于同時(shí)設(shè)置的四組不同多糖提取方法。其次,本研究對(duì)均勻設(shè)計(jì)法提取的海帶渣粗多糖進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)體結(jié)合活性的測(cè)定,并根據(jù)不同多糖補(bǔ)體結(jié)合活性的ICH50值進(jìn)行了方案優(yōu)化。結(jié)果表明不同均勻設(shè)計(jì)提取方案所得海帶渣粗多糖均具有良好的補(bǔ)體結(jié)合活性,ICH50值最低為5.6873μg/m L,最高為47.7665μg/m L。以補(bǔ)體結(jié)合活性為指標(biāo)建立優(yōu)化模型,多種回歸分析模型預(yù)測(cè)和實(shí)際驗(yàn)證結(jié)果顯示用有偏回歸分析模型得出的優(yōu)化模型提取多糖的補(bǔ)體結(jié)合活性得到了進(jìn)一步提高,ICH50值達(dá)到3.6865μg/m L。采用柱層析法對(duì)提取的海帶渣粗多糖進(jìn)行分離純化。首先對(duì)4種大孔樹脂進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)吸附篩選,確定大孔樹脂D3520為后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)所用樹脂,海帶渣粗多糖經(jīng)D3520純化后,實(shí)際回收率達(dá)到62.4%,色素去除率為65.0%,蛋白質(zhì)脫除率為70.1%,多糖純度提高了2.38倍。經(jīng)離子交換樹脂DEAE Sepharose CL-6B純化后分為10個(gè)不同多糖級(jí)分,總多糖回收率為69.94%,且主要組分的純度接近80%。選擇分級(jí)組分HD-7和HD-8用Sephadex-G75進(jìn)一步純化結(jié)果顯示該兩個(gè)組分均被進(jìn)一步分離為兩個(gè)不同的多糖組分。綜上所述,本研究確立了一套兼顧海帶渣多糖提取率與補(bǔ)體結(jié)合活性的提取方法,并建立了一套海帶渣粗多糖的分離純化方法。本課題為海帶渣資源化利用提供了新的思路和科學(xué)依據(jù),為后期海帶多糖生物活性的深入研究和應(yīng)用提供有力的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:China is a great marine country. The strategic conception of "the Silk Road at Sea in the 21st Century" has set goals for China to move from a major maritime power to a strong marine power. Therefore, the development of the marine economy and the improvement of the level of marine scientific research have been made. The resources of marine life are of great strategic significance. In this study, the waste residue produced in kelp processing industry was used as raw material to study and evaluate the feasibility of biomass utilization of kelp residue. It was expected that the waste of kelp residue could be turned into treasure, which would overcome the environmental pollution problem brought about by kelp residue. It can also bring higher economic benefits. Firstly, the extraction process of seaweed polysaccharides from kelp residue was optimized. The effects of different extraction temperature, extraction pH, extraction time, extraction times and different ratio of feed and liquid on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from seaweed polysaccharides were studied by using uniform design method. By establishing different optimization models and using multiple regression analysis methods, the extraction process of seaweed polysaccharides with polysaccharide extraction rate as the optimization index was determined: extraction temperature 123.7 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2359879