【摘要】：城市化進程導致的城市熱島問題成為21世紀人類需要面對的重要問題之一。文中以長春市為例,使用2014年Landsat8 OLI和TIR數(shù)據(jù)分析了城市熱島效應與地表因子之間的關系�；贚andat8 TIR數(shù)據(jù)特點,選用分裂窗算法反演地表溫度用于表征城市熱環(huán)境并分析其空間格局特征�；�"植被-不透水面-土壤"模型,探討了線性光譜混合模型得到的城市不透水面和植被蓋度作為表征城市人為建筑和綠地信息的能力。結果表明:長春市大部分區(qū)域有明顯的城市熱島效應,占比約45%,其中最顯著的區(qū)域位于缺少植被覆蓋的大片連續(xù)分布的不透水面區(qū)域;不同城市土地覆被類型的地表溫度差異明顯,平均地表溫度從高到低的土地覆被類型依次為不透水面、裸土、耕地、綠地和水體,各類型平均溫度和最高溫度的最大溫差分別達到8.2和16.1℃;與歸一化建筑指數(shù)和植被指數(shù)相比,光譜解混得到的不透水面比例和植被蓋度與地表溫度之間的關系更為顯著,是表征城市建筑和綠地信息更優(yōu)的指示因子,其相關關系表明城市建筑能夠增加城市熱島效應而城市綠地具有降溫效應。
[Abstract]:The urban heat island problem caused by the urbanization process has become one of the important problems that human beings have to face in the 21st century. Taking Changchun as an example, the relationship between urban heat island effect and surface factors is analyzed by using Landsat8 OLI and TIR data in 2014. Based on the characteristics of Landat8 TIR data, the split-window algorithm is used to retrieve the surface temperature to characterize the urban thermal environment and to analyze its spatial pattern. Based on the "vegetation-impermeable surface-soil" model, the ability of urban impermeable surface and vegetation coverage obtained from the linear spectral mixing model to represent the information of urban artificial buildings and green space was discussed. The results show that there are obvious urban heat island effects in most areas of Changchun, accounting for about 45%, and the most significant areas are located in a large area of continuous distribution of impervious surface lacking vegetation cover. The difference of land surface temperature among different urban land cover types is obvious. The average land cover types from high to low are impermeable water surface, bare soil, cultivated land, green land and water. The maximum temperature difference of the average temperature and the highest temperature of each type was 8.2 鈩，

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