【摘要】：目前,海倫市產(chǎn)生生活垃圾產(chǎn)量約230t/d,均在沒(méi)有任何防滲設(shè)施和分撿的條件下直接傾倒填埋,對(duì)海倫市大氣環(huán)境、地下水資源和城市環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重污染。滲瀝液對(duì)土壤性質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生危害,造成二次污染,同時(shí),生活垃圾中的資源得不到有效利用。海倫市生活垃圾的處理現(xiàn)狀嚴(yán)重影響了海倫市經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。為了改善海倫市生態(tài)環(huán)境,實(shí)現(xiàn)垃圾處理的減量化、無(wú)害化和資源化,采用綜合處理方式對(duì)海倫市生活垃圾進(jìn)行處理。本論文分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外生活垃圾處理技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì),針對(duì)海倫市生活垃圾的產(chǎn)量及成分特點(diǎn),對(duì)各種生活垃圾處理工藝進(jìn)行了分析比較,提出采用厭氧發(fā)酵和衛(wèi)生填埋結(jié)合的綜合處理方式對(duì)海倫市生活垃圾進(jìn)行處理。生活垃圾經(jīng)人工分選和水選等預(yù)處理后,利用厭氧菌對(duì)垃圾中的有機(jī)物進(jìn)行發(fā)酵,產(chǎn)生可利用的沼氣,沼渣可制成營(yíng)養(yǎng)土;對(duì)分選出來(lái)的磚石、塑料和鐵器等進(jìn)行回收,實(shí)現(xiàn)垃圾處理的資源化、減量化;對(duì)不可回收垃圾采用衛(wèi)生填埋工藝處理,實(shí)現(xiàn)不可回收垃圾的無(wú)害化處理。本文通過(guò)生活垃圾分選試驗(yàn)、回收塑料造粒系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)及廠區(qū)廢水處理系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)對(duì)生活垃圾綜合處理中資源回收系統(tǒng)效能進(jìn)行了研究,并為垃圾處理工程提供了可依據(jù)的參數(shù)。對(duì)海倫市處理規(guī)模300t/d的垃圾綜合處理工程進(jìn)行了可行性研究,進(jìn)行了生活垃圾的收運(yùn)設(shè)計(jì)和垃圾處理廠各部分的工程設(shè)計(jì),給出了各部分工藝流程圖及設(shè)備清單,并進(jìn)行了投資估算和經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)。本課題為海倫市生活垃圾綜合處理工程提供了切實(shí)可行的工藝方案和設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),為工程的建設(shè)實(shí)施創(chuàng)造了條件。使海倫市生活垃圾實(shí)現(xiàn)資源化處理,有助于我國(guó)生活垃圾綜合處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展,也符合我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)及可持續(xù)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略要求,對(duì)我國(guó)生態(tài)環(huán)境具有重大意義。
[Abstract]:At present, the output of domestic waste produced in Helen is about 230 t / d, which is directly dumped and landfilled without any seepage prevention facilities and sorting, which has caused serious pollution to the atmospheric environment, groundwater resources and urban environment of Helen. Leachate is harmful to soil property and structure, and causes secondary pollution. At the same time, the resources in municipal solid waste can not be used effectively. The present situation of domestic waste disposal in Helen has seriously affected the sustainable development of economic, social and ecological environment. In order to improve the ecological environment and realize the reduction, innocuity and resource utilization of municipal solid waste treatment, the comprehensive treatment method was adopted to treat the municipal solid waste. In this paper, the present situation and development trend of domestic and foreign domestic waste treatment technology are analyzed and compared. According to the characteristics of production and composition of domestic refuse in Hainan City, various domestic waste treatment processes are analyzed and compared. A comprehensive treatment method of anaerobic fermentation and sanitary landfill was proposed to treat municipal solid waste (MSW) in Hailun city. After pretreatment of MSW by artificial sorting and water separation, anaerobic bacteria were used to ferment organic matter in garbage to produce available biogas, and biogas residue could be made into nutritious soil. In order to realize the reuse and reduction of garbage disposal, the sanitary landfill process is adopted to realize the harmless treatment of non-recyclable garbage. In this paper, the efficiency of the resource recovery system in the comprehensive treatment of domestic solid waste is studied through the separation test of domestic refuse, the test of recycling plastic granulation system and the experiment of wastewater treatment system in the factory area, and the parameters that can be used for the waste treatment project are provided. In this paper, the feasibility of comprehensive waste treatment project of 300t/d is studied, the collection and transportation design of domestic refuse and the engineering design of each part of waste treatment plant are carried out, and the process flow chart and equipment list of each part are given. And carried on the investment estimate and the economic appraisal. This project provides practical technological scheme and design parameters for the comprehensive treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Hailun City, and creates conditions for the construction and implementation of the project. It is helpful for the development of comprehensive treatment technology of domestic waste in China to realize the recycling treatment of domestic refuse in Helen City, and also meet the strategic requirements of recycling economy and sustainable development of our country. It is of great significance to the ecological environment of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X799.3

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