湘江湘潭段河床沉積物元素地球化學(xué)特征
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-15 12:45
【摘要】：本研究利用X射線(xiàn)熒光儀(XRF)和電感耦合等離子質(zhì)譜儀(ICP-MS)分析技術(shù),對(duì)湘江湘潭段河床沉積物主量元素和微量元素進(jìn)行地球化學(xué)分析。結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)沉積柱主量元素含量變化相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,其中SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、K2O、MgO、TiO2、Na2O的變化系數(shù)皆小于0.2。河床沉積物經(jīng)歷了中等風(fēng)化程度,表現(xiàn)為:大量Na、Ca被淋失,且投影點(diǎn)有沿著A-K線(xiàn)向A端富集的趨勢(shì),表明著沉積物鉀長(zhǎng)石已得到初步的風(fēng)化,并且表現(xiàn)出脫K富Al的趨勢(shì)。重金屬污染富集系數(shù)表明沉積物重金屬元素V、Cr、Cu、Th、U為中度污染程度,Mn、Zn、Pb達(dá)到嚴(yán)重污染程度。稀土元素配分模式中表現(xiàn)為輕稀土元素富集、重稀土元素虧損;輕稀土元素有較高的分餾程度,而重稀土元素卻有較低的分餾程度,Eu元素表現(xiàn)出明顯的負(fù)異常。研究區(qū)沉積柱穩(wěn)定元素地球化學(xué)特征,推斷湘潭段的沉積物物源主要是由上游的花崗巖和沉積巖等多元物源風(fēng)化而來(lái)。地累積指數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)湘潭河段沉積物重金屬污染表明,研究區(qū)沉積物Ba元素為清潔無(wú)污染。重金素元素Sc、Cr、Co、Ni、Th、U、V為輕度污染。重金屬M(fèi)n、Pb、Zn元素介于偏中度污染等級(jí)到中度污染等級(jí)之間。沉積物礦物分析結(jié)果顯示,湘江湘潭段沉積物中礦物主要由石英、粘土礦物(伊利石、高嶺土)、磁鐵礦、長(zhǎng)石(正長(zhǎng)石、鈣長(zhǎng)石、鈉長(zhǎng)石)、鈦鐵礦、鋯石、紫蘇輝石、磷灰石、金紅石云母,橄欖石、角閃石、軟錳礦、石灰?guī)r等礦物組成。湘江湘潭段沉積物重金屬的賦存狀態(tài)分析顯示,輕度污染的重金屬元素中Sc、Co、Ni、V、Co可能賦存在粘土礦物、磷灰石中,較容易被釋放出來(lái),Th、U賦存在鈦鐵礦或者金紅石中,重金屬的活性會(huì)大大減弱。偏中度污染重金素元素Cu、Pb、Zn與各主量元素相關(guān)性都比較弱,可能為人為源引起的,應(yīng)引起注意。Mn為中度污染可能與當(dāng)?shù)馗患缓琈n的礦物有關(guān)。綜上所述,重金屬Cu、Pb、Zn、Mn污染應(yīng)引起關(guān)注。
[Abstract]:The main elements and trace elements of Xiangtan river sediment in Xiangjiang River were analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence instrument (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results show that the main element content of the sedimentary column in the study area is relatively stable, in which the variation coefficient of SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,K2O,MgO,TiO2,Na2O is less than 0.2. The sediment of river bed experienced moderate weathering, which showed that a large amount of Na,Ca was eluted, and the projection point was enriched to A terminal along A-K line, which indicated that the potassium feldspar in sediment had been preliminarily weathered. And show the trend of K rich Al. The enrichment coefficient of heavy metal pollution indicated that the heavy metal element VCU was moderately polluted, while Mn,Zn,Pb reached a serious pollution level. In the REE partition model, the REE is enriched and the heavy REE is depleted, the LREE has a higher fractionation degree, but the heavy REE has a lower fractionation degree, and the Eu element shows a negative anomaly. Based on the geochemical characteristics of stable elements in sedimentary columns in the study area, it is inferred that the sediment provenance in Xiangtan section is mainly weathered from the upper reaches of granite and sedimentary rocks. The evaluation of heavy metal pollution in Xiangtan reach shows that the Ba element in the sediment of the study area is clean and pollution-free. The heavy element Sc,Cr,Co,Ni,Th,U,V was slightly polluted. Heavy metal Mn,Pb,Zn elements ranged from moderate to moderate pollution levels. The results of sediment mineral analysis show that the minerals in Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River are mainly composed of quartz, clay minerals (Illite, kaolin), magnetite, feldspar (orthoclase, calcium feldspar, albite), ilmenite, zircon, perilla pyroxene, etc. Apatite, rutile mica, olivine, hornblende, pyrolusite, limestone and other mineral composition. The analysis of the occurrence of heavy metals in the Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River shows that Sc,Co,Ni,V,Co may occur in clay minerals, apatite and Th, in the mildly polluted heavy metals. U occurs in ilmenite or rutile, and the activity of heavy metals decreases greatly. The correlation between heavy gold element Cu,Pb,Zn and major elements is relatively weak, which may be caused by human being and should be paid attention to. The moderate pollution of Mn may be related to the enrichment of Mn rich minerals in the area. In conclusion, heavy metal Cu,Pb,Zn,Mn pollution should be concerned.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X142;X52
本文編號(hào)：2333337
[Abstract]:The main elements and trace elements of Xiangtan river sediment in Xiangjiang River were analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence instrument (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results show that the main element content of the sedimentary column in the study area is relatively stable, in which the variation coefficient of SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,K2O,MgO,TiO2,Na2O is less than 0.2. The sediment of river bed experienced moderate weathering, which showed that a large amount of Na,Ca was eluted, and the projection point was enriched to A terminal along A-K line, which indicated that the potassium feldspar in sediment had been preliminarily weathered. And show the trend of K rich Al. The enrichment coefficient of heavy metal pollution indicated that the heavy metal element VCU was moderately polluted, while Mn,Zn,Pb reached a serious pollution level. In the REE partition model, the REE is enriched and the heavy REE is depleted, the LREE has a higher fractionation degree, but the heavy REE has a lower fractionation degree, and the Eu element shows a negative anomaly. Based on the geochemical characteristics of stable elements in sedimentary columns in the study area, it is inferred that the sediment provenance in Xiangtan section is mainly weathered from the upper reaches of granite and sedimentary rocks. The evaluation of heavy metal pollution in Xiangtan reach shows that the Ba element in the sediment of the study area is clean and pollution-free. The heavy element Sc,Cr,Co,Ni,Th,U,V was slightly polluted. Heavy metal Mn,Pb,Zn elements ranged from moderate to moderate pollution levels. The results of sediment mineral analysis show that the minerals in Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River are mainly composed of quartz, clay minerals (Illite, kaolin), magnetite, feldspar (orthoclase, calcium feldspar, albite), ilmenite, zircon, perilla pyroxene, etc. Apatite, rutile mica, olivine, hornblende, pyrolusite, limestone and other mineral composition. The analysis of the occurrence of heavy metals in the Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River shows that Sc,Co,Ni,V,Co may occur in clay minerals, apatite and Th, in the mildly polluted heavy metals. U occurs in ilmenite or rutile, and the activity of heavy metals decreases greatly. The correlation between heavy gold element Cu,Pb,Zn and major elements is relatively weak, which may be caused by human being and should be paid attention to. The moderate pollution of Mn may be related to the enrichment of Mn rich minerals in the area. In conclusion, heavy metal Cu,Pb,Zn,Mn pollution should be concerned.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X142;X52
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條
1 雷鳴;秦普豐;鐵柏清;;湖南湘江流域重金屬污染的現(xiàn)狀與分析[A];第三屆全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2009年
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