南京與黃山兩地氣溶膠吸濕性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-04 19:20
【摘要】：大氣氣溶膠的吸濕性對(duì)氣溶膠粒子的譜分布、云凝結(jié)核形成、氣候強(qiáng)迫、人體健康等均有重要的影響。南京和黃山作為兩種不同的區(qū)域背景,具有明顯不同的大氣污染特征。本文利用2014年4、5月,2014年7月分別在南京和黃山對(duì)大氣氣溶膠吸濕性進(jìn)行觀測(cè)的結(jié)果,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析了南京黃山兩地的氣溶膠吸濕特性,同時(shí)結(jié)合黃山地區(qū)的水溶性離子采樣信息,分析了化學(xué)組分信息對(duì)氣溶膠吸濕性的影響,通過(guò)將HTDMA觀測(cè)結(jié)果和分級(jí)采樣化學(xué)組分信息相結(jié)合,計(jì)算了較寬粒徑范圍上的吸濕性參數(shù)κ。全文的主要結(jié)論如下：1)春季南京不同粒徑氣溶膠粒子的吸濕增長(zhǎng)因子平均概率分布函數(shù)(GF-PDF)為雙峰分布,由一個(gè)占主導(dǎo)地位的強(qiáng)吸濕模態(tài)和一個(gè)相對(duì)較小但仍很明顯的弱吸濕模態(tài)組成,說(shuō)明氣溶膠粒子中同時(shí)含有較多的強(qiáng)吸濕顆粒和少部分弱吸濕顆粒。在90%相對(duì)濕度下,30-230nm各粒徑段粒子平均吸濕增長(zhǎng)因子分別為：1.26、1.32、1.29、1.30、1.29、1.28,隨著氣溶膠粒子的粒徑增大,氣溶膠吸濕性變化不大。黃山夏季不同粒徑氣溶膠粒子的吸濕增長(zhǎng)因子平均概率分布函數(shù)(GF-PDF)主要呈現(xiàn)單峰和雙峰分布,相比城市的多雙峰分布,黃山地區(qū)的氣溶膠粒子弱吸濕比例較低,表明黃山地區(qū)較城市背景空氣更為清潔。85%相對(duì)濕度下,黃山地區(qū)70-230nm的氣溶膠粒子平均吸濕增長(zhǎng)因子分別為1.30、1.30、1.32、1.30、1.36,隨著粒徑增大,氣溶膠粒子吸濕性有略微增大的趨勢(shì)。對(duì)單雙峰出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間統(tǒng)計(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn),單峰情況多出現(xiàn)在下午,而雙峰情況多出現(xiàn)在上午,說(shuō)明環(huán)境氣溶膠吸濕性受強(qiáng)弱吸濕比例的日變化影響,上午的氣溶膠粒子外混合程度更高。南京與黃山兩地不同粒徑的氣溶膠吸濕性對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),黃山地區(qū)氣溶膠吸濕性大于南京,顯示出清潔地區(qū)粒子吸濕性強(qiáng)于污染地區(qū)。黃山地區(qū)氣溶膠粒子更趨向于內(nèi)混合狀態(tài),化學(xué)組分更為單一,而南京的氣溶膠粒子則外混合程度較高,化學(xué)組分信息會(huì)更為復(fù)雜。2)南京觀測(cè)點(diǎn)對(duì)氣溶膠吸濕性的日夜對(duì)比分析發(fā)現(xiàn),整體上白天的氣溶膠粒子吸濕性大于夜間氣溶膠粒子吸濕性,白天強(qiáng)吸濕模態(tài)的粒子數(shù)目比例高于夜間,夜間氣溶膠粒子的外混合程度更高,且粒徑越大的粒子更趨向于外混合狀態(tài)。對(duì)不同天氣條件下的氣溶膠粒子吸濕性統(tǒng)計(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn),晴好天氣可能由于光化學(xué)反應(yīng)加速氣溶膠老化導(dǎo)致氣溶膠吸濕性更強(qiáng),且更趨向于外混合狀態(tài)。污染天氣可能由于本地一次排放的弱吸濕性有機(jī)物較多而導(dǎo)致氣溶膠吸濕性較低。不同氣團(tuán)來(lái)源的氣溶膠吸濕性分析結(jié)果表明,來(lái)自西北大陸氣團(tuán)背景下愛(ài)根核模態(tài)粒子在經(jīng)過(guò)大陸的長(zhǎng)距離輸送過(guò)程后,老化程度較高,吸濕性也更強(qiáng)。而對(duì)于積聚模態(tài)粒子,則為來(lái)自東方氣團(tuán)的粒子吸濕性更強(qiáng)。3)黃山地區(qū)高環(huán)境相對(duì)濕度(90%)下的氣溶膠粒子吸濕性明顯大于較低環(huán)境相對(duì)濕度(90%)的氣溶膠粒子,說(shuō)明高相對(duì)濕度可能加快氣溶膠粒子的非均相化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率和程度,導(dǎo)致氣溶膠粒子吸濕性增強(qiáng)。不同氣團(tuán)來(lái)源的氣溶膠吸濕性分析結(jié)果表明,局地氣團(tuán)下的氣溶膠粒子吸濕性較高,來(lái)自東方氣團(tuán)的氣溶膠粒子吸濕性最低,不同氣團(tuán)來(lái)源的氣溶膠粒子吸濕性與硫酸鹽含量有很大相關(guān)性。4)使用化學(xué)組分信息計(jì)算得到的平均吸濕性參數(shù)κ chem和HTDMA觀測(cè)計(jì)算的κ HTDMA較為一致,硫酸銨是環(huán)境氣溶膠粒子中最主要的吸濕性成分。利用分級(jí)化學(xué)采樣數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算了全粒徑范圍(0.07～7.28μm)的氣溶膠吸濕性參數(shù)κ與90%相對(duì)濕度下GF值,計(jì)算結(jié)果顯示環(huán)境氣溶膠的吸濕性分別在0.41μm和5.54μ m處各有一個(gè)峰值。
[Abstract]:The moisture absorption of atmospheric aerosols has an important influence on the distribution of aerosol particles, formation of cloud coagulum, climate forcing, human health and so on. As two different regional backgrounds, Nanjing and Huangshan have distinct characteristics of atmospheric pollution. Using April, May 2014 and July 2014, the aerosol moisture absorption characteristics of aerosol in Nanjing and Huangshan were analyzed statistically, and the water-soluble ion sampling information in Huangshan area was combined. The influence of chemical composition information on aerosol hygroscopicity was analyzed. The moisture absorption parameters were calculated by combining the results of HTDMA and the information of graded sampling chemistry. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) The average probability distribution function (GF-PDF) of different particle size aerosol particles in Nanjing in spring is bimodal distribution, which consists of a dominant strong moisture absorption mode and a relatively small but still very obvious weak moisture absorption mode. It is shown that the aerosol particles contain more strongly hygroscopic particles and a small proportion of weakly hygroscopic particles at the same time. At 90% relative humidity, the average moisture absorption and growth factors of each particle size section of 30-230nm were: 1. 26, 1. 32, 1. 29, 1. 30, 1. 29, 1. 28. With the increase of particle size of aerosol particles, aerosol hygroscopicity was not great. The average probability distribution function (GF-PDF) of different particle size aerosol particles in Huangshan in summer mainly presents single peak and double peak distribution. Compared with the urban multi-peak distribution, the weak moisture absorption ratio of aerosol particles in Huangshan area is lower. The average moisture absorption and growth factors of aerosol particles at 70-230nm in Huangshan area were 1. 30, 1. 30, 1. 32, 1. 30, 1. 36 respectively under 85% relative humidity. With the increase of particle size, the moisture absorption of aerosol particles increased slightly. It was found that the single peak appeared in the afternoon, and the double peak appeared in the morning, which showed that the moisture absorption of the environment was influenced by the diurnal variation of the moisture absorption ratio of the strong and weak, and the external mixing degree of the aerosol particles in the morning was higher. Compared with the aerosol hygroscopicity of different grain sizes in the two places of Nanjing and Huangshan, the moisture absorption of aerosol in Huangshan area is more than that of Nanjing, which shows that the moisture absorption in the cleaning area is stronger than that of the polluted area. aerosol particles in huangshan area tend to be in mixed state more, chemical components are more single, and aerosol particles in nanjing are more mixed and chemical component information is more complex. when the moisture absorption of the aerosol particles in the daytime is larger than that of the aerosol particles at night, the proportion of the particles in the daytime strong moisture absorption mode is higher than that of the night aerosol particles, the external mixing degree of the night aerosol particles is higher, and the particles with larger particle diameters tend to be mixed in an out-mixed state. It is found that fine weather may accelerate aerosol aging due to photochemical reaction, which results in stronger aerosol moisture absorption and more tendency to be mixed in an out-mixed state. The pollution weather may result in lower aerosol hygroscopicity due to the fact that the locally drained weak hygroscopic organic matter is much higher. The results of aerosol hydroscopic analysis of different air masses show that, from the background of the air masses in the Northwest China, the modal particles of the root nuclei have a higher degree of aging and stronger hygroscopicity after long-distance transportation through the continent. and for accumulating modal particles, the moisture absorption of aerosol particles in the high environmental relative humidity (90%) in the Huangshan area is obviously higher than that of the aerosol particles with relatively low ambient relative humidity (90%), It is suggested that high relative humidity may accelerate the rate and extent of heterogeneous chemical reactions of aerosol particles, which results in enhanced moisture absorption of aerosol particles. The results show that the moisture absorption of aerosol particles under local air mass is high, and the moisture absorption of aerosol particles from Oriental air mass is the lowest. The moisture absorption and sulfate content of aerosol particles derived from different gas masses have a great correlation. 4) The average moisture absorption parameters obtained by using the chemical composition information are consistent with that of HTDMA, which is the most important hygroscopic component in the environment aerosol particles. The results show that the moisture absorption of the environmental aerosol has a peak at 0. 41 & mu; m and 5.54 & mu; m, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X513
本文編號(hào)：2310901
[Abstract]:The moisture absorption of atmospheric aerosols has an important influence on the distribution of aerosol particles, formation of cloud coagulum, climate forcing, human health and so on. As two different regional backgrounds, Nanjing and Huangshan have distinct characteristics of atmospheric pollution. Using April, May 2014 and July 2014, the aerosol moisture absorption characteristics of aerosol in Nanjing and Huangshan were analyzed statistically, and the water-soluble ion sampling information in Huangshan area was combined. The influence of chemical composition information on aerosol hygroscopicity was analyzed. The moisture absorption parameters were calculated by combining the results of HTDMA and the information of graded sampling chemistry. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) The average probability distribution function (GF-PDF) of different particle size aerosol particles in Nanjing in spring is bimodal distribution, which consists of a dominant strong moisture absorption mode and a relatively small but still very obvious weak moisture absorption mode. It is shown that the aerosol particles contain more strongly hygroscopic particles and a small proportion of weakly hygroscopic particles at the same time. At 90% relative humidity, the average moisture absorption and growth factors of each particle size section of 30-230nm were: 1. 26, 1. 32, 1. 29, 1. 30, 1. 29, 1. 28. With the increase of particle size of aerosol particles, aerosol hygroscopicity was not great. The average probability distribution function (GF-PDF) of different particle size aerosol particles in Huangshan in summer mainly presents single peak and double peak distribution. Compared with the urban multi-peak distribution, the weak moisture absorption ratio of aerosol particles in Huangshan area is lower. The average moisture absorption and growth factors of aerosol particles at 70-230nm in Huangshan area were 1. 30, 1. 30, 1. 32, 1. 30, 1. 36 respectively under 85% relative humidity. With the increase of particle size, the moisture absorption of aerosol particles increased slightly. It was found that the single peak appeared in the afternoon, and the double peak appeared in the morning, which showed that the moisture absorption of the environment was influenced by the diurnal variation of the moisture absorption ratio of the strong and weak, and the external mixing degree of the aerosol particles in the morning was higher. Compared with the aerosol hygroscopicity of different grain sizes in the two places of Nanjing and Huangshan, the moisture absorption of aerosol in Huangshan area is more than that of Nanjing, which shows that the moisture absorption in the cleaning area is stronger than that of the polluted area. aerosol particles in huangshan area tend to be in mixed state more, chemical components are more single, and aerosol particles in nanjing are more mixed and chemical component information is more complex. when the moisture absorption of the aerosol particles in the daytime is larger than that of the aerosol particles at night, the proportion of the particles in the daytime strong moisture absorption mode is higher than that of the night aerosol particles, the external mixing degree of the night aerosol particles is higher, and the particles with larger particle diameters tend to be mixed in an out-mixed state. It is found that fine weather may accelerate aerosol aging due to photochemical reaction, which results in stronger aerosol moisture absorption and more tendency to be mixed in an out-mixed state. The pollution weather may result in lower aerosol hygroscopicity due to the fact that the locally drained weak hygroscopic organic matter is much higher. The results of aerosol hydroscopic analysis of different air masses show that, from the background of the air masses in the Northwest China, the modal particles of the root nuclei have a higher degree of aging and stronger hygroscopicity after long-distance transportation through the continent. and for accumulating modal particles, the moisture absorption of aerosol particles in the high environmental relative humidity (90%) in the Huangshan area is obviously higher than that of the aerosol particles with relatively low ambient relative humidity (90%), It is suggested that high relative humidity may accelerate the rate and extent of heterogeneous chemical reactions of aerosol particles, which results in enhanced moisture absorption of aerosol particles. The results show that the moisture absorption of aerosol particles under local air mass is high, and the moisture absorption of aerosol particles from Oriental air mass is the lowest. The moisture absorption and sulfate content of aerosol particles derived from different gas masses have a great correlation. 4) The average moisture absorption parameters obtained by using the chemical composition information are consistent with that of HTDMA, which is the most important hygroscopic component in the environment aerosol particles. The results show that the moisture absorption of the environmental aerosol has a peak at 0. 41 & mu; m and 5.54 & mu; m, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X513
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，本文編號(hào)：2310901
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