【摘要】：鄰苯二甲酸酯類(PAEs)化合物的生產(chǎn)量和使用量不斷增加,導(dǎo)致土壤環(huán)境的PAEs污染問題日益突顯。一些種類PAEs具有雌激素效應(yīng)和"三致"效應(yīng),因此,PAEs化合物對土壤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)各類生物體的生態(tài)毒性已引起廣泛關(guān)注。文章在國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)研究基礎(chǔ)上,綜合論述PAEs的土壤污染現(xiàn)狀及其對高等植物、土壤微生物和土壤無脊椎動物等的生態(tài)毒性研究進(jìn)展,以期為PAEs污染土壤的生態(tài)毒理學(xué)深入研究和發(fā)展提供參考。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中國許多地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)土壤中均有PAEs被檢出,部分土壤中PAEs總量可高達(dá)幾十mg·kg~(-1),一些PAEs單體含量超出了美國環(huán)保局土壤PAEs控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。PAEs對植物體在個體、生理、細(xì)胞及分子水平上均具有生態(tài)毒性效應(yīng);PAEs對土壤微生物的群落結(jié)構(gòu)、種群數(shù)量和活性均可產(chǎn)生影響,進(jìn)而影響土壤的正常功能;PAEs對土壤無脊椎動物蚯蚓的生態(tài)毒性效應(yīng)研究則剛剛起步,高濃度的PAEs對蚯蚓具有急性毒性和繁殖毒性,蚯蚓分子及基因水平毒理學(xué)指標(biāo)研究有望為低濃度PAEs的生態(tài)毒性效應(yīng)研究提供新的敏感的生物標(biāo)記物。
[Abstract]:The production and use of phthalate (PAEs) compounds are increasing, which leads to the increasing PAEs pollution in soil environment. Some species of PAEs have estrogenic and "triple-induced" effects. Therefore, the ecotoxicity of PAEs compounds to various organisms in soil ecosystems has attracted wide attention. Based on the existing literatures at home and abroad, the present situation of soil pollution of PAEs and its ecological toxicity to higher plants, soil microbes and soil invertebrates are reviewed. In order to provide a reference for the further study and development of ecotoxicology of PAEs contaminated soil. The study found that PAEs was detected in agricultural soils in many parts of China, and that the total PAEs content in some soils could be as high as tens of mg kg~ (-1). Some PAEs monomer contents exceeded the PAEs control standard of the USEPA soil. Physiological, cellular and molecular levels have ecotoxic effects. PAEs can affect the community structure, population number and activity of soil microorganisms, and then affect the normal function of soil. The ecotoxicity of PAEs to earthworms in soil invertebrates is just in its infancy. High concentration of PAEs has acute toxicity and reproductive toxicity to earthworms. The study of earthworm toxicological indexes at molecular and gene level is expected to provide a new sensitive biomarker for the study of ecotoxic effects of low concentration PAEs.
【作者單位】： 區(qū)域污染環(huán)境生態(tài)修復(fù)教育部重點實驗室//沈陽大學(xué);
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(21377139;21307084;41571092) 遼寧省教育廳高校杰出青年學(xué)者成長計劃項目(LJQ2013121) 沈陽市科學(xué)事業(yè)費競爭性選擇項目(城市生態(tài)環(huán)境風(fēng)險管理與修復(fù)技術(shù))
【分類號】：X53;X171.5

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