【摘要】：近年來城市化和大氣污染對輻射收支的影響日益顯著.本研究利用2013—2014年中國科學院大氣物理研究所325m鐵塔、南郊觀象臺、密云氣象塔、上甸子區(qū)域大氣本底站四個觀測站點的輻射及自動站氣象要素數(shù)據(jù),采用南郊觀象臺的能見度資料將觀測數(shù)據(jù)分為清潔天和污染天,并進行類比分析,以1月份為例,研究了北京地區(qū)大氣污染和城郊差異對輻射收支的影響.結(jié)果表明:(1)從月平均值來看,各站污染天入射短波輻射均小于清潔天,衰減最大可達55.8W·m~(-2),直接輻射亦然,衰減最大可達161.1W·m~(-2),散射輻射相反,增加最大值為72.2W·m~(-2);長波輻射污染天大于清潔天,向下向上長波輻射增加最大值分別為85.0 W·m~2和70.0 W·m~(-2),且長波輻射的衰減與污染物濃度和大氣溫度相關;凈輻射白天污染天小于清潔天,夜間相反.(2)從各站的對比可知,大氣污染對入射短波輻射的衰減,南部郊區(qū)(13.2%)大于北部城區(qū)(7.4%),與北京地區(qū)"南北兩重天"的污染物分布特征一致;且污染物對長短波輻射的影響呈現(xiàn)了從城區(qū)到郊區(qū)衰減率依次減小的現(xiàn)象.本研究為大氣污染與氣象條件的相互作用研究提供了觀測基礎.
[Abstract]:In recent years, the effects of urbanization and air pollution on radiation budget have become increasingly significant. In this study, the radiative and automatic meteorological element data of four observation stations of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 325m Iron Tower, the Southern suburb Observatory, the Miyun Meteorological Tower and the Shangdian Regional Atmospheric background Station, were used in this study. The observational data are divided into clean sky and polluted day by using visibility data of the southern suburb observatories. Taking January as an example, the effects of air pollution and suburban differences on the radiation budget in Beijing are studied. The results are as follows: (1) from the monthly average, the incidence shortwave radiation of each station is less than that of clean day, and the maximum attenuation is 55.8 W m-2, and the direct radiation is the same, the maximum attenuation is 161.1 W m-2, and the scattering radiation is opposite, the maximum attenuation is 55.8 W m ~ (-2), the maximum attenuation is 161.1 W m ~ (-2), and the maximum attenuation is 161.1 W m ~ (-2). The maximum value of long wave radiation was 72.2 W m ~ (-2), the maximum value of downward long wave radiation was 85.0 W mm2 and 70.0 W m ~ (-2), respectively, and the attenuation of long wave radiation was related to the concentration of pollutants and atmospheric temperature, and the day of net radiation pollution was less than that of clean day, and the maximum value of increasing long wave radiation was 85.0 W mm2 and 70.0 W m ~ (-2), respectively, and the net radiation pollution day was less than that of clean day. (2) from the comparison of stations at night, it can be seen that the attenuation of incident shortwave radiation caused by air pollution in the southern suburb (13.2%) is greater than that in the northern urban area (7.4%), which is consistent with the distribution characteristics of the pollutants in the north and south of Beijing. The effects of pollutants on long and short wave radiation decreased from urban area to suburb. This study provides an observational basis for the study of the interaction between atmospheric pollution and meteorological conditions.
【作者單位】： 中國氣象科學研究院;中國氣象局北京城市氣象研究所;中國氣象局京津冀環(huán)境氣象預報預警中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金(41175015)資助
【分類號】：X51;P422

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