【摘要】：隨著城市化進(jìn)程的加快,人們生活水平的提高,城市垃圾也在逐年增長(zhǎng)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),我國(guó)600多座城市每年將會(huì)產(chǎn)生垃圾1.6億噸,并且以每年超出10%的速率增加。目前我國(guó)大部分城市采用衛(wèi)生填埋來(lái)處理城市垃圾,這雖然會(huì)大大減少因垃圾敞開堆放所帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,但垃圾填埋也同樣帶來(lái)了新的環(huán)境問(wèn)題—產(chǎn)生大量垃圾滲濾液,如果處理不當(dāng),會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的空氣、水體以及土壤的污染,并最終對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境甚至人類健康造成危害,因此對(duì)垃圾滲濾液的處理顯得尤為重要。論文首先通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了不同淋濾條件對(duì)填埋場(chǎng)生活垃圾穩(wěn)定速度及有機(jī)物析出規(guī)律的影響。研究結(jié)果表明：從有機(jī)物析出規(guī)律來(lái)看,采用原液淋濾,淋濾量為5 L、淋濾頻率為3次時(shí),穩(wěn)定化時(shí)間較短；從垃圾層沉降速率來(lái)看,采用原液回灌,淋濾量為10 L、淋濾頻率為1次時(shí),垃圾沉降穩(wěn)定化越快。生活垃圾穩(wěn)定后,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了回灌量和回灌頻率對(duì)滲濾液中污染物去除效果的影響。研究結(jié)果表明：回灌量為5 L、回灌頻率為3次時(shí),對(duì)NH3-N和TP去除效果較好。當(dāng)回灌頻率相同,回灌量為5L時(shí),COD、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分別為26.21%、8.52%和18.53%;當(dāng)回灌量相同,回灌頻率為3次時(shí),COD、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分別為15.18%、8.53%和14.19%。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步研究了當(dāng)回灌量為5 L、時(shí)有機(jī)物降解的反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué),得到COD的一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程為Ct=C0exp(-0.079t+0.4051),相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.9928；NH3-N的二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程為1/Ct=1/C0+2×10-5t,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.9283；TP的二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程為1/Ct=1/C0+0.0065t,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.9579。在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行了垃圾滲濾液原位回灌處理的動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究�？紤]水力負(fù)荷、有機(jī)負(fù)荷以及C/N三個(gè)影響因素對(duì)COD和NH3-N去除效果的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)水力負(fù)荷為33.96 mL/(L·d)時(shí),COD和NH3-N的去除率分別為10.7%和4.77%；當(dāng)有機(jī)負(fù)荷為40.53 mg/(L·d)時(shí),COD的去除率為10.56%,當(dāng)有機(jī)負(fù)荷為23.41 mg/(L·d)時(shí),NH3-N的去除率為4.69%；當(dāng)C/N為2.3時(shí),COD和NH3-N的去除率分別為7.2%和3.8%。通過(guò)回灌法對(duì)滲濾液處理效果的試驗(yàn)研究,得到回灌技術(shù)的最佳工藝參數(shù),為實(shí)際運(yùn)行提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standard, urban garbage is also increasing year by year. According to statistics, more than 600 cities in China will produce 160 million tons of garbage every year, and increase by more than 10% per year. At present, most cities in our country use sanitary landfills to dispose of municipal refuse. Although this will greatly reduce the environmental problems caused by the open storage of garbage, landfill also brings new environmental problems-a large amount of landfill leachate. If it is not treated properly, it will bring serious pollution of air, water and soil, and finally cause harm to the ecological environment and even human health. Therefore, the treatment of landfill leachate is particularly important. In this paper, the effects of different leaching conditions on the steady rate of MSW and the evolution of organic matter were studied. The results show that the stabilization time is shorter when the leaching amount is 5 L and the leaching frequency is 3 times. When the leaching amount is 10 L and the leaching frequency is 1, the faster the stabilization of garbage settlement is. The effects of recharge amount and recharge frequency on the removal efficiency of pollutants in leachate were studied by experiments after stabilization of domestic solid waste (MSW). The results showed that the removal efficiency of NH3-N and TP was better when the amount of recharge was 5 L and the frequency of recharge was 3 times. The average removal rates of COD,NH3-N and TP were 26.21% and 18.53 when the recharge frequency was the same, and the average removal rates of COD,NH3-N and TP were 15.188.53% and 14.19% respectively when the recharge rate was the same and the recharge frequency was 3 times. On this basis, the kinetics of organic matter degradation was further studied when the recharge was 5 L. The first order kinetic equation of COD was Ct=C0exp (-0.079 t 0.4051), the second order kinetic equation of correlation coefficient R2 was 1/Ct=1/C0 2 脳 10 ~ (-5) t, and the correlation coefficient R ~ (2) was 0.9283; The second-order kinetic equation of TP is 1/Ct=1/C0 0.0065 t, and the correlation coefficient R2 is 0.9579. On the basis of the above research, the dynamic experiment of landfill leachate in situ recharge treatment was carried out. The effects of hydraulic load, organic load and C / N on the removal efficiency of COD and NH3-N were considered. The results showed that the removal rates of COD and NH3-N were 10.7% and 4.77 respectively when hydraulic load was 33.96 mL/ (L d), COD removal rate was 10.56 when organic load was 40.53 mg/ (L d), and NH3-N removal rate was 4.69 when organic load was 23.41 mg/ (L d). When C / N is 2.3, the removal rates of COD and NH3-N are 7.2% and 3.8%, respectively. Through the experimental study on the treatment effect of leachate by recharge method, the optimum technological parameters of the recharge technique are obtained, which provides the theoretical basis for practical operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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