復合型氧化溝工藝運行效能及氮去除規(guī)律研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-12 14:05
【摘要】：自2015年《水十條》和五大發(fā)展理念相繼提出并成文以來,低碳、環(huán)保、綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展依然成為國民經濟發(fā)展中的核心問題,水污染治理、環(huán)境保護、水資源開發(fā)利用等問題紛紛被提到重要的議程上來。眾所周知,由氮磷超標排放引起的水體富營養(yǎng)化一直是全球共同面臨并亟待解決的環(huán)境問題,其中氮素在全球循環(huán)中的累積會對大氣、水體甚至是人類自身健康產生不利的影響。隨著社會經濟的發(fā)展,我國整個污水處理行業(yè)已初成體系,各種污水處理工藝的應用也有相當的規(guī)模。但是,對于城市污水處理這一高能耗行業(yè),合理能量配置、工藝參數優(yōu)化以及新老技術交替等方面的研究仍然有著很重要的實踐意義。氧化溝作為傳統(tǒng)的活性污泥脫氮工藝有著其固有的特點和優(yōu)勢,本文以基于活性污泥-生物膜(IFAS)法的復合型氧化溝工藝為研究對象,分別研究探討了其工藝特性和在不同調控因子下的運行效能,分析了污染物降解及SND過程作用機制,旨在為與之相關工藝的研究提供理論借鑒。并通過批次實驗進一步探索討論了生物脫氮機理,為生物脫氮新技術的創(chuàng)新和實踐提供了不同思考。通過30多天的啟動試驗成功啟動自行研制改造的復合型氧化溝裝置,之后綜合考慮分析了曝氣量(G)、回流比(R)和水力負荷(Q)等不同參數因子對反應器運行效能優(yōu)化的影響。通過整體分析系統(tǒng)脫氮除磷及SND效果,宜將曝氣量(G)、回流比(R)和水力負荷(Q)分別調控為0.4m3/h、100%和0.55m3/m3·h進一步來優(yōu)化調控效果。在G值為0.4 m3/h,底曝為50L/min,減速機轉速為100r/min的條件下,裝置取得了比較佳的運行效果,出水COD和NH_4~+-N的濃度分別為35.8mg/L、1.04mg/L,TN和TP的平均降解率為72.8%和68.4%,最終出水SS也保持在10mg/L以下。在利用復合裝置處理實際生活污水的試驗過程中,對N素的沿程降解和去除途徑進行優(yōu)化分析。生物脫氮過程中需維持適宜的C/N,本次試驗為2.12~5.56,才能保證硝化反硝化的順利進行。污水中N素的去向主要包括同化作用、傳統(tǒng)硝化/反硝化作用、系統(tǒng)邊界出水和SND等過程,通過優(yōu)化控制臨界DO值,可得最優(yōu)SND%為42.7%,此時TN的去除率為71.7%。對兩相填料區(qū)SND現象及脫氮機理進行探索分析。采用批次2k析因試驗設計方法,進行異養(yǎng)硝化/好氧反硝化、自養(yǎng)反硝化的因控實驗,并利用統(tǒng)計學分析方法對實驗結果進行討論。結果表明:新的微生物菌種對SND過程中N的損失作用非常有限(可忽略),試驗中NH_4~+-N以及TIN的單位容積反應速率間顯著性差異(P0.05)可解釋為傳統(tǒng)自養(yǎng)菌和異養(yǎng)菌的內源呼吸和內源反硝化綜合作用的結果。通過化學計量學和細胞衰減動力學可以對N去除過程中的物質轉化機制作更深入地闡釋,并且可以進一步驗證分析結果的準確性。通過整個試驗過程及批次析因試驗的探討分析,認為復合型氧化溝兩相填料區(qū)SND過程可解釋為一種宏觀或者微觀的物理學作用現象。如何通過控制因子實現短程同步硝化反硝化和短程內源反硝化,并發(fā)揮其在提高脫氮效能和降低污泥產率等發(fā)面強大的優(yōu)勢,為污水處理新技術的革新和實踐提供了思考。
[Abstract]:Since the "Water Ten Articles" and the five major development concepts were put forward and published in 2015, low carbon, environmental protection and green sustainable development have become the core issues in the national economic development. Water pollution control, environmental protection, water resources development and utilization have been put on the important agenda. Eutrophication has always been a common and urgent environmental problem in the world. The accumulation of nitrogen in the global cycle will have a negative impact on the atmosphere, water and even human health. With the development of social economy, the whole sewage treatment industry in China has already formed a system, and the application of various sewage treatment processes is quite similar. However, for the high energy-consuming industry of municipal sewage treatment, it is still of great practical significance to study the rational energy allocation, process parameters optimization and the alternation of new and old technologies. S) oxidation ditch process was studied. Its process characteristics and operation efficiency under different control factors were studied and discussed. The mechanism of pollutant degradation and SND process were analyzed. The purpose was to provide theoretical reference for the study of related process. The mechanism of biological denitrification was further explored and discussed through batch experiments. Innovation and practice of new biological denitrification technology provide different ideas. The self-developed and reformed compound oxidation ditch device was successfully started up after more than 30 days of start-up test. The effects of different parameters such as aeration rate (G), reflux ratio (R) and hydraulic load (Q) on the optimization of reactor performance were comprehensively considered and analyzed. The results of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and SND were optimized by adjusting aeration rate (G), reflux ratio (R) and hydraulic load (Q) to 0.4 m3/h, 100% and 0.55 m3/m3.h respectively. The average degradation rates of TN and TP were 72.8% and 68.4% respectively, and the final effluent SS was kept below 10 mg/L. In the experimental process of treating domestic sewage with composite equipment, the degradation and removal pathways of N were optimized and analyzed. Nitrification and denitrification can be guaranteed smoothly. Nitrification and denitrification in sewage mainly include assimilation, traditional nitrification/denitrification, effluent from system boundary and SND. By optimizing and controlling the critical DO value, the optimal SND% is 42.7%, and the removal rate of TN is 71.7%. The SND phenomenon and denitrification mechanism in two-phase packing area are explored and analyzed. The control experiments of heterotrophic nitrification/aerobic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification were carried out by means of 2K batch factorial design method, and the experimental results were discussed by statistical analysis. The results showed that the new microbial strains had very limited (negligible) effect on N loss in SND process, and the unit volume reaction rate of NH_4~+-N and TI N in the experiment was also discussed. The significant difference between rates (P 0.05) can be explained by the combination of endogenous respiration and endogenous denitrification of autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. Chemometrics and cell decay kinetics can be used to elucidate the mechanism of substance transformation in the process of N removal and to further verify the accuracy of the analysis results. The SND process in the two-phase packing area of the compound oxidation ditch can be interpreted as a macroscopic or microscopic physical phenomenon. How to realize short-range simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and short-range endogenous denitrification by controlling factors, and how to improve the efficiency of denitrification and reduce the sludge yield, etc. The strong advantages of the surface provide some thoughts for the innovation and practice of new sewage treatment technologies.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2239242
[Abstract]:Since the "Water Ten Articles" and the five major development concepts were put forward and published in 2015, low carbon, environmental protection and green sustainable development have become the core issues in the national economic development. Water pollution control, environmental protection, water resources development and utilization have been put on the important agenda. Eutrophication has always been a common and urgent environmental problem in the world. The accumulation of nitrogen in the global cycle will have a negative impact on the atmosphere, water and even human health. With the development of social economy, the whole sewage treatment industry in China has already formed a system, and the application of various sewage treatment processes is quite similar. However, for the high energy-consuming industry of municipal sewage treatment, it is still of great practical significance to study the rational energy allocation, process parameters optimization and the alternation of new and old technologies. S) oxidation ditch process was studied. Its process characteristics and operation efficiency under different control factors were studied and discussed. The mechanism of pollutant degradation and SND process were analyzed. The purpose was to provide theoretical reference for the study of related process. The mechanism of biological denitrification was further explored and discussed through batch experiments. Innovation and practice of new biological denitrification technology provide different ideas. The self-developed and reformed compound oxidation ditch device was successfully started up after more than 30 days of start-up test. The effects of different parameters such as aeration rate (G), reflux ratio (R) and hydraulic load (Q) on the optimization of reactor performance were comprehensively considered and analyzed. The results of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and SND were optimized by adjusting aeration rate (G), reflux ratio (R) and hydraulic load (Q) to 0.4 m3/h, 100% and 0.55 m3/m3.h respectively. The average degradation rates of TN and TP were 72.8% and 68.4% respectively, and the final effluent SS was kept below 10 mg/L. In the experimental process of treating domestic sewage with composite equipment, the degradation and removal pathways of N were optimized and analyzed. Nitrification and denitrification can be guaranteed smoothly. Nitrification and denitrification in sewage mainly include assimilation, traditional nitrification/denitrification, effluent from system boundary and SND. By optimizing and controlling the critical DO value, the optimal SND% is 42.7%, and the removal rate of TN is 71.7%. The SND phenomenon and denitrification mechanism in two-phase packing area are explored and analyzed. The control experiments of heterotrophic nitrification/aerobic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification were carried out by means of 2K batch factorial design method, and the experimental results were discussed by statistical analysis. The results showed that the new microbial strains had very limited (negligible) effect on N loss in SND process, and the unit volume reaction rate of NH_4~+-N and TI N in the experiment was also discussed. The significant difference between rates (P 0.05) can be explained by the combination of endogenous respiration and endogenous denitrification of autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. Chemometrics and cell decay kinetics can be used to elucidate the mechanism of substance transformation in the process of N removal and to further verify the accuracy of the analysis results. The SND process in the two-phase packing area of the compound oxidation ditch can be interpreted as a macroscopic or microscopic physical phenomenon. How to realize short-range simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and short-range endogenous denitrification by controlling factors, and how to improve the efficiency of denitrification and reduce the sludge yield, etc. The strong advantages of the surface provide some thoughts for the innovation and practice of new sewage treatment technologies.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X703
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，本文編號：2239242
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