【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,我國快速的城市化進(jìn)程以及人民生活水平提高,使得我國城市生活污水排放量巨大,2013年已達(dá)到481.5億噸,隨著國家政策的引導(dǎo)以及關(guān)于污水治理投資的加大,我國城市污水處理率已達(dá)到89.1%,但依然存在較大缺口,同時(shí)我國嚴(yán)峻的水環(huán)境問題特別是湖泊水庫的富營養(yǎng)化問題不容樂觀。目前采用的前置反硝化技術(shù)需要大比例回流以滿足脫氮需求,而后置反硝化多采用分段進(jìn)水和厭氧區(qū)含有豐富碳源的污泥混合液分流技術(shù),但會(huì)使得分流部分所含有的氨氮不能夠被有效去除,影響效能提升。本研究主要分析以改變好氧曝氣時(shí)長以及采用階段曝氣方式對(duì)傳統(tǒng)后置反硝化AOA工藝脫氮除磷效能的影響。研究在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用階段曝氣后置反硝化AOA系統(tǒng)處理不同C/N廢水,探討階段曝氣后置反硝化AOA系統(tǒng)對(duì)不同C/N廢水的處理效果,并設(shè)置序批實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)階段曝氣系統(tǒng)中污泥除磷特性進(jìn)行分析,得出以下結(jié)論:研究表明通過縮短好氧曝氣段水力停留時(shí)間,同時(shí)延長缺氧區(qū)水力停留時(shí)間,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)增強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)后置反硝化AOA工藝的脫氮性能的效果,但是缺氧段水力停留時(shí)間的延長,會(huì)使得污泥在進(jìn)入回流系統(tǒng)前進(jìn)入釋磷環(huán)節(jié),造成系統(tǒng)除磷效果出現(xiàn)下滑。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在有氧曝氣區(qū)域采用階段曝氣方式,可以有效提升傳統(tǒng)后置反硝化AOA系統(tǒng)脫氮除磷效能,當(dāng)厭氧:微氧:好氧:缺氧水力停留時(shí)間比例分別為1:2:1:1:1和1:1:1:2時(shí),系統(tǒng)能夠是實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)TN的平均去除效果分別為85.18%和89.90%,且系統(tǒng)除磷效果始終保持穩(wěn)定,平均除磷效率分別為95.97%和94.37%。以階段曝氣方式啟動(dòng)連續(xù)流階段曝氣后置反硝化AOA反應(yīng)器并運(yùn)行80天,結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)COD和TP去除效果分別能達(dá)到90%以上。進(jìn)水C/N比例分別為10:1、7.5:1和6:1時(shí),氨氮的平均去除效率分別為97.48%、87.42%和72.09%,對(duì)TN的最大去除率分別為98.04%、90.26%和74.43%,對(duì)工藝各階段運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定后的各污染物沿各階段變化情況進(jìn)行分析發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著C/N的下降,微氧區(qū)域?qū)Π钡蚑N去除減弱,而好氧區(qū)TN去除量得到增加,DO濃度并不是限制同步硝化反硝化(SND)進(jìn)行的唯一因素,當(dāng)氨氮濃度較高時(shí),在高DO條件下更容易發(fā)生SND過程。同時(shí)研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)微氧區(qū)在氨氮達(dá)到一定濃度時(shí)其聚磷活動(dòng)會(huì)受到抑制。序批實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)階段曝氣AOA系統(tǒng)污泥中含有一定量能夠利用亞硝酸鹽作為電子受體的反硝化聚磷菌。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy, the rapid process of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standard, the discharge of municipal domestic sewage has reached 48.15 billion tons in 2013. With the guidance of national policy and the increase of investment in sewage treatment, the treatment rate of urban sewage in China has reached 89.1, but there is still a big gap. At the same time, the serious water environment problem, especially the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs, is not optimistic. The current pre-denitrification technology needs a large proportion of reflux to meet the demand for denitrification, while the post-denitrification technology mostly adopts the separation technology of sludge mixture containing abundant carbon source in the stage influent and anaerobic zone. However, the ammonia nitrogen contained in the shunt part can not be effectively removed, which will affect the efficiency improvement. The effects of aerobic aeration duration and stage aeration on the denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency of traditional post-nitrifying AOA process were analyzed in this study. On this basis, the treatment of different C / N wastewater by stage aeration post-denitrification AOA system was studied, and the effect of stage aeration post-denitrification AOA system on different C / N wastewater was discussed. The characteristics of sludge phosphorus removal in stage aeration system are analyzed by sequencing batch experiment. The following conclusions are drawn: the study shows that the hydraulic retention time of aerobic aeration section is shortened and the hydraulic retention time in anoxic zone is prolonged at the same time. It can enhance the denitrification performance of the traditional post-denitrification AOA process, but the prolongation of the hydraulic retention time in the anoxic stage will make sludge enter the phosphorus release process before entering the reflux system, resulting in the decline of the phosphorus removal effect of the system. It was found that the efficiency of denitrification and phosphorus removal in the traditional post-denitrifying AOA system could be effectively enhanced by using stage aeration in the aerobic aeration area. When the HRT ratios of anaerobic: microaerobic: aerobic to anoxic were 1: 2: 1: 1: 1 and 1: 1: 1: 2, respectively, The average removal efficiency of TN was 85.18% and 89.90 respectively, and the phosphorus removal efficiency was 95.97% and 94.37%, respectively. The continuous aeration post-aeration AOA reactor was started by stage aeration and operated for 80 days. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD and TP in the system could reach more than 90% respectively. When the influent C / N ratio was 10: 1 / 7. 5: 1 and 6:1, respectively, the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen was 97.48% and 72.09%, respectively. The maximum removal rate of TN was 98.040.26% and 74.43%, respectively. With the decrease of C / N, the removal of ammonia nitrogen and TN was weakened in the micro-oxygen region, but the increase of TN removal in aerobic zone was not the only factor limiting the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). Under the condition of high DO, SND process is more likely to occur. At the same time, it was found that the activity of phosphorus accumulation in the micro-oxygen region was inhibited when the ammonia nitrogen reached a certain concentration. It was found in sequencing batch experiment that there was a certain amount of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria which could use nitrite as electron acceptor in sludge of aeration AOA system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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本文編號(hào)：2237007