巴勒斯坦農(nóng)村地區(qū)污水處理評(píng)估研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-11 11:02
【摘要】：水資源是約旦河西岸的主要問題,因?yàn)檫@里是中東地區(qū)水資源最匱乏的地區(qū)之一。被占領(lǐng)的加沙和西岸惡劣條件,特別是水資源短缺影響著人民的生活。隨著人口的增加,對(duì)水的需求與日俱增,急需尋求包括污水處理等手段在內(nèi)的獲得新的水資源的方式。在巴勒斯坦西岸,居民、城市和工業(yè)的平均耗水量,大約是73升/人/天,這大大低于世界衛(wèi)生組織推薦的小農(nóng)戶最低人均標(biāo)準(zhǔn)100升每天。而與此同時(shí),以色列的人均消耗為100-230升/人/天。自1967年以來,污水處理在以色列一直被忽視,只有31%的人口覆蓋污水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。擁有污水收集和回收功能的污水處理廠的缺乏導(dǎo)致了污水被任意排放到環(huán)境中。每年都有大量的污水排向約旦河西岸地區(qū)。其中包括170ML/天的市政廢水和工業(yè)廢水,總量達(dá)62MCM/年。以及96ML/天的工業(yè)污水,總量達(dá)35MCM/年。污水管理在巴勒斯坦農(nóng)村社區(qū)仍被嚴(yán)重忽視,污水管理仍然依靠于糞坑。在過去的十五年里,污水處理系統(tǒng)已在西岸農(nóng)村地區(qū)興盛起來,并且已經(jīng)開發(fā)了相當(dāng)廣泛的適用于現(xiàn)場污水處理廠的技術(shù)。本文的目的是評(píng)估現(xiàn)場污水處理廠的處理能力以及在農(nóng)業(yè)方面的再利用的能力的技術(shù)指標(biāo)。在西岸地區(qū)現(xiàn)在有13個(gè)集體污水處理廠和180個(gè)現(xiàn)場污水處理廠,在西岸產(chǎn)生廢水中僅有6.3%(2.83MCM)在集中和集體污水處理廠處理,剩下的93.7%未經(jīng)處理直接排放到環(huán)境中。處理后的廢水回用對(duì)解決水資源短缺有著重要的意義。本文基于模糊層次分析法取得的具有代表性的污水處理廠的質(zhì)量參數(shù)都參照中國的水環(huán)境質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來評(píng)價(jià),這可以幫助巴勒斯坦了解污水處理的現(xiàn)狀,建立適合國情的水質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)“體系”。分析結(jié)果表明,處理后的水達(dá)到了3級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。即便如此,仍然需要努力提高污水處理技術(shù),改善水質(zhì)的處理,擴(kuò)大污水處理規(guī)模,以應(yīng)對(duì)巴勒斯坦本土日益增長的用水需求。
[Abstract]:Water is a major problem in the West Bank because it is one of the most scarce in the Middle East. Poor conditions in the occupied Gaza and West Bank, especially water shortages, affect people's lives. With the increase of population and the increasing demand for water, it is urgent to find new ways of obtaining water resources, including sewage treatment. In the West Bank of Palestine, the average water consumption of residents, cities and industries is about 73 litres per person / day, which is well below the minimum per capita standard of 100 litres per day recommended by the World Health Organization for smallholder farmers. At the same time, Israel's per capita consumption is 100-230 litres / person / day. Sewage treatment has been neglected in Israel since 1967, with only 31% of the population covering the sewer system. The lack of sewage treatment plants with sewage collection and recovery functions has led to arbitrary discharge of sewage into the environment. Every year a great deal of sewage flows into the West Bank. These include municipal and industrial wastewater from 170ML/ days, totaling up to 62MCM/ years. And 96ML/ days of industrial sewage, the total amount of 35MCM/ year. Sewage management continues to be severely neglected in rural Palestinian communities, and is still dependent on septic tanks. In the past 15 years, sewage treatment systems have flourished in rural areas of the West Bank, and considerable technology has been developed for on-site sewage treatment plants. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the technical indicators of the treatment capacity of the site sewage treatment plant and its ability to reuse in agriculture. There are now 13 collective sewage treatment plants and 180 site sewage treatment plants in the West Bank, and only 6.3% (2.83MCM) of the wastewater generated in the West Bank are treated in the centralized and collective sewage treatment plants, and the remaining 93.7% are discharged directly into the environment without treatment. The reuse of treated wastewater is of great significance to solve the shortage of water resources. In this paper, the quality parameters of representative sewage treatment plants obtained from the Fuzzy Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are evaluated with reference to China's water environment quality evaluation criteria, which can help Palestine understand the current situation of sewage treatment. Establish the water quality evaluation standard "system" suitable for national conditions. The analysis results show that the treated water reaches the 3rd grade standard. Even so, efforts need to be made to improve sewage treatment technology, improve water quality and scale up sewage treatment to meet the growing demand for water at home.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703
本文編號(hào)：2236508
[Abstract]:Water is a major problem in the West Bank because it is one of the most scarce in the Middle East. Poor conditions in the occupied Gaza and West Bank, especially water shortages, affect people's lives. With the increase of population and the increasing demand for water, it is urgent to find new ways of obtaining water resources, including sewage treatment. In the West Bank of Palestine, the average water consumption of residents, cities and industries is about 73 litres per person / day, which is well below the minimum per capita standard of 100 litres per day recommended by the World Health Organization for smallholder farmers. At the same time, Israel's per capita consumption is 100-230 litres / person / day. Sewage treatment has been neglected in Israel since 1967, with only 31% of the population covering the sewer system. The lack of sewage treatment plants with sewage collection and recovery functions has led to arbitrary discharge of sewage into the environment. Every year a great deal of sewage flows into the West Bank. These include municipal and industrial wastewater from 170ML/ days, totaling up to 62MCM/ years. And 96ML/ days of industrial sewage, the total amount of 35MCM/ year. Sewage management continues to be severely neglected in rural Palestinian communities, and is still dependent on septic tanks. In the past 15 years, sewage treatment systems have flourished in rural areas of the West Bank, and considerable technology has been developed for on-site sewage treatment plants. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the technical indicators of the treatment capacity of the site sewage treatment plant and its ability to reuse in agriculture. There are now 13 collective sewage treatment plants and 180 site sewage treatment plants in the West Bank, and only 6.3% (2.83MCM) of the wastewater generated in the West Bank are treated in the centralized and collective sewage treatment plants, and the remaining 93.7% are discharged directly into the environment without treatment. The reuse of treated wastewater is of great significance to solve the shortage of water resources. In this paper, the quality parameters of representative sewage treatment plants obtained from the Fuzzy Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are evaluated with reference to China's water environment quality evaluation criteria, which can help Palestine understand the current situation of sewage treatment. Establish the water quality evaluation standard "system" suitable for national conditions. The analysis results show that the treated water reaches the 3rd grade standard. Even so, efforts need to be made to improve sewage treatment technology, improve water quality and scale up sewage treatment to meet the growing demand for water at home.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703
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