【摘要】：氮氧化物(主要成分為NO)是常見的大氣污染物,對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類健康都存在危害。物化法處理NO工藝存在操作條件苛刻、催化劑易失活、存在二次污染等問題。生物法處理NO工藝具有操作簡單、投資成本低、無二次污染等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。與反硝化為主的NO生物脫除工藝相比,厭氧氨氧化工藝脫除NO無需外加碳源,無溫室氣體排放。該工藝不僅為脫除高濃度NO提供了新的思路,還豐富了厭氧氨氧化菌的底物。本實(shí)驗采用塔式生物濾池反應(yīng)器,以火山巖填料作為生物膜載體。初始以NH4+-N與NO2--N為底物,31天后完成厭氧氨氧化菌掛膜。然后從濾池底通入不同濃度的NO氣體,從濾池上部噴淋含有NH4+-N與NO2--N的液體(實(shí)驗后期無N02--N),研究不同進(jìn)水濃度與進(jìn)氣NO濃度對反應(yīng)器脫除NO性能的影響。主要實(shí)驗結(jié)論如下：(1)厭氧氨氧化菌能直接以NO-N作為電子受體、NH4+-N為電子供體進(jìn)行反應(yīng),反應(yīng)比例為NH4+-N潲耗:NO-N消耗:NO3--N生成=1:1.12:0.11。(2)進(jìn)氣NO濃度從4018 mg/m3升高至8036 mg/m3時,生物膜顏色變黑,厭氧氨氧化菌活性降低,TN和NO去除負(fù)荷分別下降了47.1%和69.6%,NO-N在混合電子受體中比例從78.8%降低至44.1%。隨后將進(jìn)水N02-N濃度從20 mg/L提高至60 mg/L,厭氧氨氧化菌活性恢復(fù),TN和NO去除負(fù)荷分別提高2.4倍與2.1倍。(3)進(jìn)水NO2--N濃度20 mg/L,進(jìn)氣NO濃度4018 mg/m3,氣體空塔停留時間2.3min,溫度38℃時,NO去除負(fù)荷最高達(dá)165.8 g NO-N/(m3·d),NO去除率為54.2%。進(jìn)水無NO2--N,其他條件不變,NO去除負(fù)荷最高達(dá)132 g NO-N/(m3·d),NO去除率為43.1%。(4)通過16S rDNA測序,在穩(wěn)定階段,厭氧氨氧化菌的比例為80.9%,其中Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis菌屬在厭氧氨氧化菌中的比例為89.1%。
[Abstract]:Nitrogen oxides (NO) are common atmospheric pollutants, which are harmful to ecological environment and human health. The physicochemical treatment of NO process has some problems, such as harsh operation conditions, deactivation of catalyst and secondary pollution. Biological treatment of NO process has the advantages of simple operation, low investment cost and no secondary pollution. Compared with denitrification-based NO biological removal process, anaerobic ammonia oxidation process for NO removal without additional carbon sources, no greenhouse gas emissions. This process not only provides a new idea for the removal of high concentration NO, but also enriches the substrate of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. In this experiment, tower biofilter reactor was used, and volcanic rock filler was used as biofilm carrier. NH4-N and NO2--N were used as substrate for 31 days. Then different concentrations of NO gas were introduced from the bottom of the filter, and the liquid containing NH4 -N and NO2--N was sprayed from the upper part of the filter (no N02--N) in the later stage of the experiment. The effects of different influent concentration and NO concentration on the removal of NO in the reactor were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria can react directly with NO-N as electron acceptor NH _ 4-N as electron donor, and the reaction ratio is NH4 -N hogwash consumption: no _ 3 N consumption to form 1: 1.12: 0.11. (2) when the concentration of NO in inlet air increases from 4018 mg/m3 to 8036 mg/m3, When the biofilm color became black, the activity of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria decreased the removal load of TN and NO decreased by 47.1% and 69.6%, respectively, and the proportion of NO-N in the mixed electron acceptor decreased from 78.8% to 44.1%. Then, the influent N02-N concentration was increased from 20 mg/L to 60 mg/L,. The removal load of TN and NO were increased by 2.4-fold and 2.1-fold respectively. (3) the residence time of influent NO2--N concentration 20 mg/L, intake air NO 4018 mg/m3, air column was 2.3 mins and the temperature was 38 鈩，

本文編號：2234024