【摘要】：四溴雙酚A(Tetrabromobisphenol A,TBBPA)是目前全球用量較大的溴化阻燃劑,具有持久性毒性、難以降解的特點,會對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類健康造成難以逆轉(zhuǎn)的危害。雖然,目前針對TBBPA的降解技術(shù)已有較多的研究,然而大部分研究僅局限于TBBPA的去除,對于降解產(chǎn)物可能存在的毒性方面的研究相對較少,且往往僅采用單一毒性檢測方法,多為急性毒性檢測,缺乏慢性毒性、遺傳毒性等方面的研究,難以較全面評估污染物的毒害效應。而將以上不同類型的毒性檢測方法結(jié)合起來,可形成綜合毒性評價指標潛在生態(tài)毒性效應指數(shù)(potential ecotoxic effects probe,PEEP),該指標能夠較全面對污染物的毒害效應進行評估。本文中將綜合毒性評價指標與理化指標相結(jié)合,對目前研究中對TBBPA去除效果較好的高鐵酸鉀氧化法和臭氧氧化法去除TBBPA過程中的綜合毒性變化規(guī)律進行研究,結(jié)合TBBPA的降解效率,評價并優(yōu)化處理工藝。通過配水試驗,研究了不同反應條件下高鐵酸鉀去除TBBPA過程中的毒性變化規(guī)律,結(jié)合TBBPA去除率對反應條件進行優(yōu)化。結(jié)果表明,高鐵酸鉀去除TBBPA反應過程中,急性毒性和慢性毒性基本均呈先波動升高后降低的趨勢;遺傳毒性通過Ames試驗檢測,不具有致突變性,即不具有基因水平的遺傳毒性。將各項毒性檢測指標轉(zhuǎn)化成為綜合毒性評價指標PEEP,結(jié)合PEEP和TBBPA降解率,高鐵酸鉀氧化法去除0.15 mg/L TBBPA時,最佳反應條件為:高鐵酸鉀投加量為0.15 mg/L,pH為7或8,溫度為25℃,反應時間為60 min。臭氧氧化法去除TBBPA過程,急性毒性變化規(guī)律與高鐵酸鉀氧化法去除TBBPA過程中的急性毒性變化規(guī)律基本一致,慢性毒性呈波動降低的趨勢,遺傳毒性同樣不具有基因水平的遺傳毒性。將各項毒性檢測指標轉(zhuǎn)化成為綜合毒性評價指標PEEP,結(jié)合PEEP和TBBPA降解率,臭氧氧化法去除0.15 mg/L TBBPA時,最佳反應條件為:臭氧投加量為0.15 mg/L,pH為6,溫度為10℃,反應時間為60 min。結(jié)合TBBPA去除率和綜合毒性變化,對高鐵酸鉀工藝和臭氧工藝進行了對比分析,結(jié)果表明:兩種工藝分別在最佳反應條件下,均可完全去除TBBPA,臭氧工藝對綜合毒性削減的效果優(yōu)于高鐵酸鉀工藝,反應終點PEEP值為1.64,綜合毒性可由微毒降低至無毒;兩種工藝在相同摩爾比氧化劑條件下,高鐵酸鉀工藝對TBBPA的去除效果較好,但臭氧工藝對綜合毒性的削減效果優(yōu)于臭氧工藝。
[Abstract]:Tetrabromobisphenol A (Tetrabromobisphenol An TBBPA) is a large amount of brominated flame retardants in the world at present. It has the characteristics of persistent toxicity and difficult to degrade, which will cause irreversible harm to the ecological environment and human health. Although there have been many studies on the degradation technology of TBBPA, most of the studies are limited to the removal of TBBPA, and there are relatively few studies on the possible toxicity of degradation products, and only a single toxicity detection method is often used. Most of them are acute toxicity detection, lack of chronic toxicity, genetic toxicity and so on, so it is difficult to evaluate the toxic effect of pollutants comprehensively. Combined with the above methods, the potential ecotoxicity index (potential ecotoxic effects probe,PEEP) of the comprehensive toxicity evaluation index can be formed, which can evaluate the toxic effect of pollutants in a more comprehensive way. In this paper, the comprehensive toxicity evaluation index is combined with physicochemical index to study the comprehensive toxicity change rule of potassium ferrate oxidation method and ozone oxidation method in the process of removing TBBPA, which is the better removal effect of TBBPA in the present research. Combined with the degradation efficiency of TBBPA, the treatment process was evaluated and optimized. The toxicity of potassium ferrate in the process of TBBPA removal under different reaction conditions was studied by water distribution experiment. The reaction conditions were optimized by combining with the removal rate of TBBPA. The results showed that the acute toxicity and chronic toxicity increased firstly and then decreased in the process of removal of TBBPA by potassium ferrate, and the genotoxicity was not mutagenic by Ames test, that is, no genotoxicity at the gene level. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: the dosage of potassium ferrate was 7 or 8 mg/L,pH, the temperature was 25 鈩，

本文編號：2233215