【摘要】：實現(xiàn)退役汽車的高效回收利用,既是保護環(huán)境的需要,更是實現(xiàn)資源綜合利用、汽車工業(yè)經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略要求。要獲得較高的回收利用率就必須提高退役汽車的資源化梯度等級,而實現(xiàn)退役汽車的綠色深度無損高效拆解是保持和提高退役汽車資源化梯度等級的前提條件。由于汽車結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、零部件數(shù)量眾多、連接形式多樣,服役過程中的零部件失效以及差異化的退役條件都給拆解工作帶來極大的不確定性。為解決此難題,本文提出了面向梯度資源化下退役汽車拆解方法和拆解方法優(yōu)劣性模糊層次評價方法,并結(jié)合退役汽車整車及零部件拆解實例對該方法指導(dǎo)下的退役汽車拆解過程進行了評價和驗證。具體包括以下四個方面的內(nèi)容:通過分析退役汽車循環(huán)利用的內(nèi)涵,提出了面向再使用、再制造、再循環(huán)、能量回收以及環(huán)保化處理的梯度資源化概念,通過對影響資源化梯度等級的因素進行分析,指出了不同循環(huán)利用方式對拆解方法和質(zhì)量的基本要求,并結(jié)合退役汽車結(jié)構(gòu)特點,分析了退役汽車拆解過程中解除不同連接約束的特點和要求。在對影響拆解方法的主要因素進行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,從拆解工藝路線、方法、拆解場地布置及工具選擇以及拆解過程中先進技術(shù)應(yīng)用四個方面對退役汽車拆解方法進行了設(shè)計�；谀：龑哟卫碚摻Y(jié)合退役汽車拆解特點建立了以環(huán)境影響、資源化程度、拆解經(jīng)濟性為主要評價指標(biāo)的退役汽車拆解方法資源環(huán)境經(jīng)濟貢獻度評價方案。提出了整車拆解工藝設(shè)計原則,在此基礎(chǔ)上對退役汽車整車拆解工藝進行了設(shè)計,包括整車拆解工位布置,各零部件拆解序列規(guī)劃等,并結(jié)合對拆解設(shè)備與工具的選擇建立了流水化汽車拆解生產(chǎn)線。通過退役汽車整車拆解試驗與資源環(huán)境經(jīng)濟貢獻度評價分析,其評價得分為0.7772,驗證了退役汽車整車拆解方法的合理性。結(jié)合發(fā)動機結(jié)構(gòu)特點及現(xiàn)階段發(fā)動機再制造技術(shù)對退役汽車發(fā)動機進行了零部件資源化梯度劃分,在此基礎(chǔ)上從拆解工藝特點和拆解序列規(guī)劃兩個方面對梯度資源化下的退役汽車發(fā)動機拆解策略進行了研究,并進行了拆解試驗與分析。本課題通過提出面向梯度資源化下的退役汽車拆解方法的研究為退役汽車拆解企業(yè)實現(xiàn)整車及零部件流水化拆解提供理論依據(jù),填補了國內(nèi)關(guān)于退役汽車拆解方法研究的空白,為退役汽車零部件無損、高效拆解技術(shù)研究提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:To achieve efficient recycling of retired vehicles is not only the need of environmental protection, but also the strategic requirement of comprehensive utilization of resources and sustainable economic development of automobile industry. Because of the complexity of automobile structure, the large number of components, the variety of connection forms, the failure of components in service and the different decommissioning conditions, the decommissioning work of high-grade retired automobiles is uncertain. The disassembly process of the decommissioned vehicle guided by the disassembly method and the disassembly method of the decommissioned vehicle and its parts is evaluated and verified by the fuzzy hierarchical evaluation method. The concept of gradient resourcefulness of manufacturing, recycling, energy recovery and environmental protection is introduced. Through the analysis of the factors affecting gradient grade of resourcefulness, the basic requirements of disassembly methods and quality for different recycling modes are pointed out. Combining with the structural characteristics of decommissioned automobiles, the disassembly process of decommissioned automobiles is analyzed. Based on the analysis of the main factors affecting the disassembly method, the disassembly method of decommissioned automobile is designed from four aspects: disassembly process route, method, disassembly site layout and tool selection, and advanced technology application in the disassembly process. Based on the environmental impact, resource utilization degree and disassembly economy as the main evaluation indexes, the evaluation scheme of resource environment and economic contribution degree of the disassembly method for retired automobiles is established. According to the disassembly test and the evaluation and analysis of the economic contribution of resources and environment, the evaluation score is 0.7772, which verifies the rationality of the disassembly method of the decommissioned vehicle. Based on the gradient division of spare parts for retired automobile engine by remanufacturing technology, the disassembly strategy of retired automobile engine with gradient resource is studied from the aspects of disassembly process characteristics and disassembly sequence planning, and the disassembly test and analysis are carried out. The research on the disassembly method of decommissioned automobiles provides a theoretical basis for the decommissioned automobile disassembly enterprises to realize the whole automobile and parts flow disassembly, fills the blank of domestic research on decommissioned automobiles disassembly method, and provides a new idea for the research on non-destructive and efficient disassembly technology of decommissioned automobile parts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X734.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳銘;王俊軍;;報廢汽車的回收利用——法規(guī)、管理與展望[J];上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)報;2014年01期

2 秦訓(xùn)鵬;吳成武;韓景偉;周晶;;基于產(chǎn)品全生命周期理論的汽車逆向產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈[J];生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(學(xué)術(shù)版);2013年01期

3 汪路;陳銘;;中國報廢汽車回收拆解企業(yè)調(diào)查及發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究[J];制造技術(shù)與機床;2012年12期

4 王淑旺;劉志峰;胡迪;高洋;蔣浩;;基于不確定規(guī)劃的產(chǎn)品拆卸序列規(guī)劃[J];中國機械工程;2012年18期

5 姚麗英;景海霞;;提高報廢汽車拆卸回收利用率的研究[J];山西大同大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2012年03期

6 邢宇飛;王成恩;柳強;;基于Pareto解集蟻群算法的拆卸序列規(guī)劃[J];機械工程學(xué)報;2012年09期

7 陳偉達;殷煒;;基于模糊推理的不確定環(huán)境下拆卸工藝規(guī)劃[J];工業(yè)工程;2012年02期

8 劉羽;李羿;;廢舊汽車拆解與回收技術(shù)研究[J];常州工學(xué)院學(xué)報;2012年01期

9 周自強;戴國洪;章泳健;;適合中國國情的報廢汽車拆解模式研究[J];江蘇技術(shù)師范學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年10期

10 張秀芬;張樹有;伊國棟;樓錫銀;;面向復(fù)雜機械產(chǎn)品的目標(biāo)選擇性拆卸序列規(guī)劃方法[J];機械工程學(xué)報;2010年11期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周勝;基于模糊層次分析法的機電產(chǎn)品綠色度綜合評價的研究與實現(xiàn)[D];浙江大學(xué);2002年

，

本文編號：2202359