發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 08:32

【摘要】：以云南紅土為研究對象,選擇六偏磷酸鈉為污染源,通過磷污染紅土的土柱遷移試驗,采用相對質(zhì)量、顆粒組成、界限含水、礦化、離子濃度試驗、微結(jié)構(gòu)等試驗方法,探討了遷移條件下磷污染紅土的宏微觀特性；考慮六偏磷酸鈉濃度和干密度的影響,采用擊實、直剪、固結(jié)、滲透、微結(jié)構(gòu)等試驗方法,研究了受力件下磷污染紅土的宏微觀特性；結(jié)合磷與紅土間的相互作用,闡明了磷土作用機理及其對宏微觀特性的影響,揭示了磷污染紅土的宏微觀響應(yīng)關(guān)系,對于有效防治污染紅土中磷的遷移擴散、磷污染紅土地區(qū)的用土安全提供理論依據(jù)。遷移條件下磷污染紅土的宏觀特性：磷污染紅土相對質(zhì)量、黏粒含量大于素紅土,隨土柱位置深度增加,磷污染紅土的相對質(zhì)量、黏粒含量減小,粉粒含量增加。液限、塑限和塑性指數(shù)土柱中上部處存在最小值,逐漸接近素紅土。遷移條件下磷污染紅土的物質(zhì)組成特性：磷污染紅土新生成不穩(wěn)定的β-鈉鐵礦,對結(jié)晶較好的三水鋁石、赤鐵礦和銳鈦礦的變化十分顯著,紅土中磷的含量在中上部處出現(xiàn)最大值,土柱表層氧化亞鐵的含量最大；浸泡液的鐵鋁離子濃度隨遷移時間延長而增大,滲流液中存在痕量的鐵鋁離子。遷移條件下磷污染紅土的微結(jié)構(gòu)特性：隨土柱位置深度增加,磷污染紅土微結(jié)構(gòu)圖像由上部致密的鱗片狀單元向中部松散的蜂窩狀進而向下部緊密的蜂凝狀單元的變化,對應(yīng)孔隙比在中上部處存在最大值；磷污染紅土表面較為富集的元素為鐵鋁元素,紅土的膠結(jié)堆聚體以包膜的形式包裹于顆粒基本單元外表面；磷污染紅土顆粒面積減小、孔隙面積增加、顆粒的定向度和分維數(shù)先減小出現(xiàn)極值后增大。受力條件下磷污染紅土的宏觀物理力學(xué)特性：隨磷濃度增加,磷污染紅土的相對質(zhì)量、黏粒含量增大,粉粒含量減小；界限含水率減小；最大干密度增大,最優(yōu)含水率減小,存在最優(yōu)浸潤時間；紅土的黏聚力降低,內(nèi)摩擦角減小；壓縮性增大；滲透性降低。受力條件下磷污染紅土的微結(jié)構(gòu)特性：隨磷濃度增加,微結(jié)構(gòu)單元體本身的膠結(jié)程度較高,單元間的聯(lián)結(jié)程度較低,磷污染紅土孔隙間、片狀黏土礦物表面形成細小顆粒堆積物,形成新形式的紅土結(jié)構(gòu)體,磷污染紅土的膠結(jié)堆聚體仍然以包膜的形式包裹于顆�；締卧獗砻�,受力后磷污染紅土微結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)于受力前的參數(shù),磷污染紅土力學(xué)性能變化是磷污染紅土微結(jié)構(gòu)弱化所致。磷與紅土間的作用機理及其對宏微觀特性的影響：磷污染對紅土的作用機理及其對宏微觀特性的影響可以從磷與紅土間所存在的水解、吸附絡(luò)合、還原氧化、成鹽和溶解五個作用來解釋,其綜合作用的結(jié)果改變了磷污染紅土的宏微觀特性。
[Abstract]:Taking Yunnan laterite as the research object, the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of phosphorus-contaminated laterite under the condition of migration were studied by the soil column migration test of phosphorus-contaminated laterite. The relative mass, particle composition, limiting water content, mineralization, ion concentration test and microstructure test were used to study the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of phosphorus-contaminated laterite. The macro and micro characteristics of laterite contaminated by phosphorus were studied by compaction, direct shear, consolidation, infiltration, microstructure and other test methods. The interaction between phosphorus and laterite was combined to clarify the mechanism of action of phosphorus and its influence on macro and micro characteristics, and to reveal the macro and micro response relationship of phosphorus contaminated laterite. Macroscopic characteristics of phosphorus-contaminated laterite: the relative quality of phosphorus-contaminated laterite, clay content is greater than that of plain laterite. With the depth of soil column increasing, the relative quality of phosphorus-contaminated laterite, clay content decreases, and silt content increases. The material composition characteristics of phosphorus-contaminated laterite are as follows: the phosphorus-contaminated laterite is newly formed into unstable beta-sodalite, and the content of phosphorus in the laterite is the highest at the middle and upper part of the laterite. The content of iron oxide in the surface layer of the soil column is the highest at high value; the concentration of iron and aluminum ions in the soaking solution increases with the extension of migration time, and there are trace amounts of iron and aluminum ions in the percolating solution. Loose honeycomb-like structure in the upper part of the laterite, and then compact bee-like structure in the lower part of the laterite, corresponds to the maximum pore ratio in the middle and upper part of the laterite; Fe and Al are the most abundant elements on the surface of the phosphorus-contaminated laterite; the cement aggregate of the laterite is coated on the surface of the basic unit of the laterite; the area of phosphorus-contamin Macroscopic physical and mechanical properties of phosphorus-contaminated laterite under stress conditions: with the increase of phosphorus concentration, the relative quality of phosphorus-contaminated laterite, clay content increases, and silt content decreases; the limiting water content decreases; the maximum dry density increases, the optimal water content decreases, and exists. Microstructure characteristics of phosphorus-contaminated laterite: with the increase of phosphorus concentration, the cementation degree of microstructural units is higher, the bonding degree between units is lower, the porosity of phosphorus-contaminated laterite is lower, and the surface of flaky clay minerals is higher. Fine particle deposits are formed to form a new form of laterite structure. The cemented aggregates of phosphorus-contaminated laterite are still coated on the surface of the basic unit. The microstructure parameters of phosphorus-contaminated laterite are better than those before the loading. The change of mechanical properties of phosphorus-contaminated laterite is due to the weakening of the microstructure of phosphorus-contaminated laterite. The mechanism of action between laterite and its influence on macro and micro characteristics are as follows: the mechanism of action of phosphorus pollution on laterite and its influence on macro and micro characteristics can be explained by five actions of hydrolysis, adsorption complexation, reduction oxidation, salt formation and dissolution between phosphorus and laterite.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53;TU43

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