發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-11 08:40

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著汽車(chē)工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,國(guó)內(nèi)報(bào)廢汽車(chē)的總量不斷增加,報(bào)廢汽車(chē)被喻為“城市礦產(chǎn)”,具有巨大的環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)和資源價(jià)值。發(fā)電機(jī)作為汽車(chē)的必備功能單元,隨著汽車(chē)的報(bào)廢也走到了其生命周期的末端,而再制造使得這些數(shù)量龐大的廢舊發(fā)電機(jī)能夠被循環(huán)利用。再制造的首要任務(wù)是拆解,我國(guó)的廢舊汽車(chē)拆解尚處于起步階段,存在拆解工具落后,方式粗暴等突出問(wèn)題,與西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家所達(dá)到的拆解機(jī)械化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化的水平存在較大差距,面對(duì)數(shù)量激增的廢舊汽車(chē)發(fā)電機(jī),傳統(tǒng)的人工拆解已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足要求,使得汽車(chē)發(fā)電機(jī)的再制造面臨著嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn),自動(dòng)化拆解工具的引入顯得必要且迫切�；谝陨媳尘�,本文提出將自動(dòng)化工具應(yīng)用于廢舊汽車(chē)發(fā)電機(jī)的拆解過(guò)程,融合機(jī)械學(xué)理論和機(jī)電控制原理開(kāi)發(fā)廢舊汽車(chē)發(fā)電機(jī)自動(dòng)化拆解裝置,將在提高廢舊汽車(chē)發(fā)電機(jī)拆解效率和降低工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度方面具有重要的意義。首先,在查閱大量相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),并與廢舊汽車(chē)拆解企業(yè)和汽車(chē)發(fā)電機(jī)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)深入交流的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了自動(dòng)化拆解方案并確定了具體流程,擬通過(guò)多個(gè)工位,多個(gè)拆解機(jī)械手的協(xié)同配合實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)的自動(dòng)化拆解。然后,根據(jù)總體方案要求對(duì)拆解裝置進(jìn)行了分功能模塊開(kāi)發(fā),包括發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)位多工位回轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)、發(fā)電機(jī)組合夾具、中心距可調(diào)的雙軸聯(lián)接螺栓拆卸裝置、帶輪緊固螺母拆卸裝置、帶輪拉卸裝置、用于前后端蓋解體的直推式氣動(dòng)分離裝置、拆解件電磁輔助回收裝置以及拆解工具行走機(jī)構(gòu)等關(guān)鍵零部件開(kāi)發(fā),并根據(jù)實(shí)際工況對(duì)關(guān)鍵零部件進(jìn)行了計(jì)算校核和選型。進(jìn)一步,利用ANSYS對(duì)拆解裝置關(guān)鍵零部件,如花鍵旋松軸、行星架等進(jìn)行了極限載荷下的靜力學(xué)分析,驗(yàn)證零部件開(kāi)發(fā)的可靠性。最后,通過(guò)UG建立了拆解裝置的三維模型,對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了模擬裝配并仿真分析了拆解過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of automobile industry, the total number of abandoned cars in China has been increasing continuously. Scrap cars are described as "urban minerals", which have great environmental, economic and resource value. As the essential function unit of automobile, the generator goes to the end of its life cycle with the scrapping of automobile, and the remanufacture makes the large number of waste generators can be recycled. The first task of remanufacturing is to dismantle. The dismantling of used and used cars in our country is still in its infancy, and there are some outstanding problems, such as backward disassembly tools and rough methods, which are similar to the dismantling mechanization achieved by the developed countries in the West. There is a big gap in the level of industrialization. In the face of the rapid increase in the number of scrap motor generators, the traditional manual dismantling is far from meeting the requirements, which makes the remanufacture of automobile generators face a severe test. The introduction of automatic disassembly tools is necessary and urgent. Based on the above background, this paper puts forward the application of automation tools to the disassembly process of used automobile generators, and combines mechanical theory and electromechanical control principle to develop the automatic disassembly device of waste automobile generators. It will be of great significance in improving the dismantling efficiency of used automobile generators and reducing the labor intensity of workers. First of all, on the basis of consulting a large number of relevant documents, and exchanging deeply with scrap automobile disassembly enterprises and automobile generator manufacturing enterprises, this paper puts forward the automatic dismantling scheme and determines the specific process, which is to pass through many stations. The automatic disassembly of generators is realized by the cooperation of multiple disassembly manipulators. Then, according to the requirements of the overall scheme, the disassembly device has been developed into sub-functional modules, including the multi-position rotary table of the generator, the combined fixture of the generator, the disassembly device of the two-axis connection bolt with adjustable center distance, the disassembly device of the fastening nut with the wheel, The pulley pulling and unloading device is used for the development of the key parts, such as the straight-push pneumatic separation device for the disassembly of the front and rear end cover, the electromagnetic auxiliary recovery device for the disassembly parts and the walking mechanism for the disassembly tool, etc. According to the actual working conditions, the key parts are calculated, checked and selected. Furthermore, the statics analysis of the key parts of the disassembly device, such as spline loose axis, planetary frame and so on, under the limit load is carried out by using ANSYS to verify the reliability of the development of the parts. Finally, the 3D model of the disassembly device is established by UG, and the whole system is simulated and the disassembly process is simulated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X734.2

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