草坪植物—微生物聯(lián)合修復(fù)鈷污染土壤
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-29 17:53
【摘要】：近幾年,植物-微生物聯(lián)合修復(fù)重金屬污染土壤,這種方法成為了一種新興的修復(fù)方法。這種修復(fù)方法利用土壤-微生物-植物的互利共生的關(guān)系,充分發(fā)揮了重金屬超富集植物修復(fù)技術(shù)和微生物修復(fù)技術(shù)的各自優(yōu)勢,提高土壤的修復(fù)效率,不斷改進(jìn)以達(dá)到徹底修復(fù)污染土壤的目的。本研究在土壤高濃度Co2+脅迫條件下對32種草坪植物進(jìn)行篩選,篩選出具有相對優(yōu)良生長性狀和鈷抗性的4種草坪植物,利用高級生物統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法對其鈷耐受能力進(jìn)行了綜合評價,研究了鈷富集特性,并探討了植物收割的最佳方法。利用已篩選得到的具有植物促生作用的鈷抗性專性菌株,與植物構(gòu)建微生物-植物聯(lián)合修復(fù)土壤鈷污染的技術(shù)。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)在高濃度Co2+(100mg/L)脅迫土壤條件下從32種草坪植物中篩選出了4種草坪植物,其在土壤Co2+脅迫作用下具有明顯的生長優(yōu)勢和優(yōu)良抗性,它們分別是高羊茅(Festucaelata Keng ex E.Alexeev);一年生黑麥草(Loliummultiflorum Lam.);提摩西草(Uraria crinita(L.)Desv.ex DC.);鴨茅(Da ct ylis glo m erat a L.)。低濃度(5m g/L)的Co2+處理下,種草坪植物的相對發(fā)芽率,相對發(fā)芽勢,相對發(fā)芽指數(shù),相對活力指數(shù)均表現(xiàn)出了增大的趨勢,表明低濃度的Co2+對植物萌發(fā)具有一定的促進(jìn)作用。與此不同的是,高濃度(50mg/L、100mg/L)的Co2+處理對植物發(fā)芽具有抑制作用。高羊茅種子在高濃度Co2+處理下其相對發(fā)芽率,相對發(fā)芽勢,相對發(fā)芽指數(shù),相對活力指數(shù)較其他3種植物,表現(xiàn)出了較好的Co2+耐受能力。研究利用權(quán)重賦值法考察了四種草坪植物種子萌發(fā)Co2+耐受能力,并作出Co2+耐受性綜合評價值。四種草坪植物種子萌發(fā)期鈷耐受能力為高羊茅鴨茅一年生黑麥草提摩西草。(2)隨著鈷處理濃度的增加,四種草坪植物的相對電導(dǎo)率,脯氨酸,丙二醛,超氧自由基均表現(xiàn)出了增大的趨勢,這說明隨著Co2+處理濃度的提高,植物所受到的損害也相應(yīng)的越來越大。高羊茅和提摩西草的葉綠素含量呈現(xiàn)先增后降的趨勢,當(dāng)Co2+處理濃度在50 mg?kg-1以下時,葉綠素含量隨著Co2+處理濃度的提高而逐漸增大,當(dāng)達(dá)到50 mg?kg-1以上時,葉綠素含量下降顯著。說明低濃度的Co2+處理濃度對高羊茅和一年生黑麥草的葉綠素合成有一定的促進(jìn)作用,反之,當(dāng)Co2+濃度過高時會抑制葉綠素的合成。黑麥草和鴨茅其葉綠素含量隨著鈷濃度的增加而下降,低濃度時下降并不明顯,高濃度時下降顯著,說明這兩種植物鈷的耐受性較其他兩種弱。對于可溶性蛋白,可溶性糖來說,黑麥草和提摩西草的含量隨著鈷處理濃度的提高,出現(xiàn)了逐步下降的趨勢,說明這兩種植物鈷的耐受性較弱。高羊茅出現(xiàn)了先增加再下降的趨勢,說明隨著鈷處理濃度的增加高羊茅為了應(yīng)對所受到的脅迫,可溶性糖可溶性蛋白含量增加,當(dāng)處理濃度達(dá)到高濃度時,高羊茅受到的損害嚴(yán)重,可溶性糖可溶性蛋白含量減少。對4種草坪植物生理生化及其表觀生長指標(biāo)進(jìn)行主成分分析和權(quán)重分析,得到了四種草坪植物苗期的Co2+耐受性綜合評判值,四種草坪植物成苗期鈷耐受能力為高羊茅提摩西草鴨茅一年生黑麥草。(3)實驗條件下對植物Co2+富集量進(jìn)行估算,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)地上多次割茬的采收方法,與其他方法比較可以有效降低土壤中Co2+含量,又可以較少種植次數(shù),減少人工成本。土壤Co2+含量為100mg/kg時,高羊茅地上部分每年每公頃Co2+離子去除量約為2.36kg,土壤Co2+去除率為1.56%;一年生黑麥草地上部分每年每公頃Co2+去除量約為3.11kg,土壤Co2+去除率為1.85%。(4)高羊茅,一年生黑麥草與蠟樣芽孢桿菌,枯草芽孢桿菌和蘇云金桿菌三個菌種組成的配伍組合是植物微生物聯(lián)合修復(fù)體系里相對最佳的修復(fù)組合。在土壤Co2+含量為50mg/kg和100mg/kg時,鈷離子土壤去除能力分別會再提升14.01%,8.46%和16.48%,12.91%。綜上所述,高羊茅,一年生黑麥草與蠟樣芽孢桿菌,枯草芽孢桿菌和蘇云金桿菌三個菌種組成的配伍組合是植物微生物聯(lián)合修復(fù)體系里相對最佳的修復(fù)組合,土壤鈷離子去除率可以提升15%左右。
[Abstract]:In recent years, plant microbes have combined to repair heavy metals contaminated soil. This method has become a new method of remediation. This method has made full use of the advantages of heavy metal hyperconcentration plant repair and microbial remediation by using the mutualism of soil microbial plants to improve the efficiency of soil remediation. In this study, 32 turf plants were screened under the condition of high soil concentration Co2+ stress, and 4 kinds of lawn plants with relatively good growth traits and cobalt resistance were screened. The cobalt tolerance ability of the 4 turf plants was evaluated by the advanced biometric method, and the cobalt rich was studied. The best method of plant harvesting was discussed. Using the selected co resistant specific strains with plant growth promoting effect, the technology of CO remediation of soil cobalt with plant construction microorganism plants was used. The main results were as follows: (1) 4 species of turf plants were screened from 32 turf plants under high concentration of Co2+ (100mg/L) coerced soil. Turf plants have obvious growth advantages and excellent resistance under the stress of soil Co2+ stress. They are tall fescue (Festucaelata Keng ex E.Alexeev), annual ryegrass (Loliummultiflorum Lam.), and Timothy grass (Uraria crinita (L.) Desv.ex DC.). The relative germination rate, relative germination potential, relative germination index and relative vigor index of turf plants showed an increasing trend, indicating that low concentration of Co2+ had a certain promotion effect on plant germination. Different from this, the Co2+ treatment of high concentration (50mg/L, 100mg/L) could inhibit the germination of plants. The seeds of tall fescue were in high concentration. The relative germination rate, relative germination potential, relative germination index and relative vigor index were better than the other 3 plants, and the tolerance ability of the seed germination of Four Turf plants was investigated by weight assignment method. The Co2+ tolerance of the seed germination of Four Turf plants was evaluated, and the seed germination of four kinds of turf plants was given by the weight assignment method. (2) the relative conductivity of four kinds of turf plants, proline, malondialdehyde and superoxide free radicals all showed an increasing trend with the increase of cobalt concentration, which showed that the damage of plants was also higher and higher as the concentration of Co2+ treatment increased. The chlorophyll content of Fescue and Timothy grass increased first and then decreased. When the concentration of Co2+ treatment was below 50 mg? Kg-1, chlorophyll content gradually increased with the increase of Co2+ treatment concentration. When it reached 50 mg? Kg-1, the chlorophyll content decreased significantly. The low concentration of Co2+ treatment concentration for Tall Fescue and annual ryegrass Chlorophyll synthesis has a certain promotion effect. On the contrary, when the concentration of Co2+ is too high, the chlorophyll content will be inhibited. The chlorophyll content of ryegrass and duck grass decreases with the increase of cobalt concentration, and the decrease is not obvious when the low concentration is low, which indicates that the tolerance of the two plants is weaker than the other two kinds of soluble proteins. As for soluble sugar, the content of ryegrass and Timothy grass increased gradually with the increase of cobalt concentration, which showed that the tolerance of the two plants was weak. The high fescue appeared to increase first and then decline, indicating that with the increase of cobalt treatment concentration, the tall fescue was soluble in soluble sugar soluble sugar. When the content of sex protein increased, the damage of tall fescue was seriously damaged and soluble sugar soluble protein content decreased when the concentration reached high concentration. The principal component analysis and weight analysis of the physiological and biochemical and apparent growth indexes of 4 lawn plants were carried out, and the comprehensive evaluation value of Co2+ tolerance for four lawn plants and four kinds of turf planting were obtained. The tolerance ability of cobalt at seedling stage was the annual ryegrass of fescue Timothy grass. (3) under the experimental condition, the enrichment of plant Co2+ was estimated. The study found that the harvest method of multiple stubble harvesting on the ground can effectively reduce the content of Co2+ in the soil, and can reduce the planting times, reduce the artificial cost and the soil Co2+ content. For 100mg/kg, the removal of Co2+ ion per hectare per hectare per hectare is about 2.36kg per hectare per hectare, and the Co2+ removal rate of soil is 1.56% per hectare per hectare. The annual Co2+ removal rate per hectare per hectare on the annual rye grassland is 3.11kg, the soil Co2+ removal rate is 1.85%. (4) tall fescue, annual ryegrass and Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis The combination of three strains of bacteria is the best combination in the plant microbial combined repair system. When soil Co2+ content is 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg, the removal capacity of cobalt ion soil will be increased by 14.01%, 8.46% and 16.48% respectively. Tall fescue, one year old Ryegrass with Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis The combination of three strains of Bacillus thuringiensis is the best combination in the plant microbial combined repair system, and the removal rate of soil cobalt ion can be increased by about 15%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53;S688.4
本文編號：2153526
[Abstract]:In recent years, plant microbes have combined to repair heavy metals contaminated soil. This method has become a new method of remediation. This method has made full use of the advantages of heavy metal hyperconcentration plant repair and microbial remediation by using the mutualism of soil microbial plants to improve the efficiency of soil remediation. In this study, 32 turf plants were screened under the condition of high soil concentration Co2+ stress, and 4 kinds of lawn plants with relatively good growth traits and cobalt resistance were screened. The cobalt tolerance ability of the 4 turf plants was evaluated by the advanced biometric method, and the cobalt rich was studied. The best method of plant harvesting was discussed. Using the selected co resistant specific strains with plant growth promoting effect, the technology of CO remediation of soil cobalt with plant construction microorganism plants was used. The main results were as follows: (1) 4 species of turf plants were screened from 32 turf plants under high concentration of Co2+ (100mg/L) coerced soil. Turf plants have obvious growth advantages and excellent resistance under the stress of soil Co2+ stress. They are tall fescue (Festucaelata Keng ex E.Alexeev), annual ryegrass (Loliummultiflorum Lam.), and Timothy grass (Uraria crinita (L.) Desv.ex DC.). The relative germination rate, relative germination potential, relative germination index and relative vigor index of turf plants showed an increasing trend, indicating that low concentration of Co2+ had a certain promotion effect on plant germination. Different from this, the Co2+ treatment of high concentration (50mg/L, 100mg/L) could inhibit the germination of plants. The seeds of tall fescue were in high concentration. The relative germination rate, relative germination potential, relative germination index and relative vigor index were better than the other 3 plants, and the tolerance ability of the seed germination of Four Turf plants was investigated by weight assignment method. The Co2+ tolerance of the seed germination of Four Turf plants was evaluated, and the seed germination of four kinds of turf plants was given by the weight assignment method. (2) the relative conductivity of four kinds of turf plants, proline, malondialdehyde and superoxide free radicals all showed an increasing trend with the increase of cobalt concentration, which showed that the damage of plants was also higher and higher as the concentration of Co2+ treatment increased. The chlorophyll content of Fescue and Timothy grass increased first and then decreased. When the concentration of Co2+ treatment was below 50 mg? Kg-1, chlorophyll content gradually increased with the increase of Co2+ treatment concentration. When it reached 50 mg? Kg-1, the chlorophyll content decreased significantly. The low concentration of Co2+ treatment concentration for Tall Fescue and annual ryegrass Chlorophyll synthesis has a certain promotion effect. On the contrary, when the concentration of Co2+ is too high, the chlorophyll content will be inhibited. The chlorophyll content of ryegrass and duck grass decreases with the increase of cobalt concentration, and the decrease is not obvious when the low concentration is low, which indicates that the tolerance of the two plants is weaker than the other two kinds of soluble proteins. As for soluble sugar, the content of ryegrass and Timothy grass increased gradually with the increase of cobalt concentration, which showed that the tolerance of the two plants was weak. The high fescue appeared to increase first and then decline, indicating that with the increase of cobalt treatment concentration, the tall fescue was soluble in soluble sugar soluble sugar. When the content of sex protein increased, the damage of tall fescue was seriously damaged and soluble sugar soluble protein content decreased when the concentration reached high concentration. The principal component analysis and weight analysis of the physiological and biochemical and apparent growth indexes of 4 lawn plants were carried out, and the comprehensive evaluation value of Co2+ tolerance for four lawn plants and four kinds of turf planting were obtained. The tolerance ability of cobalt at seedling stage was the annual ryegrass of fescue Timothy grass. (3) under the experimental condition, the enrichment of plant Co2+ was estimated. The study found that the harvest method of multiple stubble harvesting on the ground can effectively reduce the content of Co2+ in the soil, and can reduce the planting times, reduce the artificial cost and the soil Co2+ content. For 100mg/kg, the removal of Co2+ ion per hectare per hectare per hectare is about 2.36kg per hectare per hectare, and the Co2+ removal rate of soil is 1.56% per hectare per hectare. The annual Co2+ removal rate per hectare per hectare on the annual rye grassland is 3.11kg, the soil Co2+ removal rate is 1.85%. (4) tall fescue, annual ryegrass and Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis The combination of three strains of bacteria is the best combination in the plant microbial combined repair system. When soil Co2+ content is 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg, the removal capacity of cobalt ion soil will be increased by 14.01%, 8.46% and 16.48% respectively. Tall fescue, one year old Ryegrass with Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis The combination of three strains of Bacillus thuringiensis is the best combination in the plant microbial combined repair system, and the removal rate of soil cobalt ion can be increased by about 15%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53;S688.4
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