城市水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化對(duì)沉水植物C、N、P生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)特征及生長(zhǎng)的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-28 10:46
【摘要】：上海市的城市化水平在國(guó)內(nèi)處于領(lǐng)先的水平,隨之而來(lái)的是城市化帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,本研究以上海區(qū)域內(nèi)城市化梯度下的沉水植物為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)城市化梯度下景觀水體的富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化程度不同,設(shè)置了20處有沉水植被分布的景觀水體為樣點(diǎn)。采用野外采樣的方法研究不同城市化進(jìn)程對(duì)沉水植物形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、生理生化指標(biāo)和生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)特征的影響。主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)上海市景觀水體冬季TN含量在中心城區(qū)為475.1-4758.3ug/L,近郊區(qū)為738.3-4738.9ug/L,遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)為484.6-4848.3ug/L；TP含量中心城區(qū)為13.3-320.9ug/L,近郊區(qū)為36.6-2815.3ug/L,遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)為23.8-542.3ug/L。夏季TN含量中心城區(qū)為1358.2-3607.9ug/L,近郊區(qū)為1729.9-4971.1ug/L,遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)為1367.8-4041.0ug/L;TP含量中心城區(qū)為18.9-267.0ug/L,近郊區(qū)為49.4-205.9ug/L,遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)為49.4-904.6ug/L。(2)各種不同植物的節(jié)間距不同,含水率沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出很大差異。冬季菹草的節(jié)間距為1.1-3.6cm；夏季黑藻的節(jié)間距是0.6-2.2cm,金魚(yú)藻節(jié)間距是0.7-5.6cm,水盾草節(jié)間距是2.4-5.6cm,狐尾藻節(jié)間距是1.2-2.7cm。冬季菹草的葉綠素a含量為6.7-16.2mg/L,丙二醛含量為0.03-1.67umo;/L;夏季黑藻的葉綠素a含量是3.9-9.8mg/L,丙二醛含量是0.76-2.33umol/L,金魚(yú)藻葉綠素a含量是3.7-8.2mg/L,丙二醛含量是0.18-1.04umol/L,水盾草葉綠素a含量是7.6-10.4mg/L,丙二醛含量是0.40-0.95umol/L,狐尾藻葉綠素a含量是4.3-9.9mg/L,丙二醛含量是0.63-1.62umol/L。冬季菹草的TC含量是247.9-400.0g/kg,TN含量是41.8-66.3g/kg,TP含量是0.16-0.18g/kg；夏季黑藻的TC含量是276.0-377.0g/kg,TN含量是13.8-41.2g/kg,TP含量是0.49-0.79g/kg；夏季金魚(yú)藻的TC含量是273.8-401.6g/kg,TN含量是15.7-47.2g/kg,TP含量是0.42-0.64g/kg；夏季水盾草的TC含量是326.1-390.7g/kg,TN含量是8.4-69.4g/kg,TP含量是0.17-0.76g/kg；夏季狐尾藻的TC含量是272.5-379.0g/kg,TN含量是3.5-29.5g/kg,TP含量是0.04-0.53g/kg。研究結(jié)果表明隨著水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化程度的加劇,沉水植物節(jié)間距和丙二醛有增加的趨勢(shì),而葉綠素及可溶性糖含量則降低；富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化還使沉水植物的總碳、總氮及C／N比值降低,而總磷含量、C／P及N／P比值增加。各物種中,菹草和水盾草更適合于在高營(yíng)養(yǎng)的條件,黑藻和金魚(yú)藻在不同富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化條件下均能較好的生長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)相關(guān)性分析表明,沉水植物的生理生化指標(biāo)及生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)特征都和水體的理化指標(biāo)及氮磷含量表現(xiàn)出一定相關(guān)性。
[Abstract]:The level of urbanization in Shanghai is in the leading level in China, followed by the environmental problems brought by urbanization. This study takes submerged plants in the gradient of urbanization in Shanghai as the research object. According to the different eutrophication degree of landscape water body under the gradient of urbanization, 20 landscape water bodies with submerged vegetation distribution were set up as sample points. The effects of different urbanization processes on the morphological structure, physiological and biochemical indexes and ecochemometrics characteristics of submerged plants were studied by field sampling. The main results are as follows: (1) the TN content of Shanghai landscape water body in winter is 475.1-4758.3ugr / L, 738.3-4738.9ugr / L, 484.6-4848.3ugr / L, 13.3 ~ 320.9ugrr / L, 36.6-2815.3ugP / L, 23.8-542.3ugr / L, respectively. In summer, TN content was 1358.2-3607.9ugr / L, 1729.9-4971.1 / L in the near suburb, 1367.8-4041.0ug/ L / L in the far suburb, 18.9-267.0ugr / L in the central city, 49.4-205.9ugr / L in the near suburb and 49.4-904.6ugr / L in the far suburb. (2) there was no significant difference in moisture content among different plants. The internode spacing of P. crispus in winter was 1.1-3.6 cm, that of black algae in summer was 0.6-2.2 cm, that of goldfish was 0.7-5.6 cm, that of P. crispus was 2.4-5.6 cm, that of Dioscorea vulgaris was 1.2-2.7 cm. The chlorophyll a content of P. crispus in winter is 6.7-16.2mg / L, the malondialdehyde content is 0.03-1.67umo.L. in summer, the content of chlorophyll a is 3.9-9.8mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 0.76-2.33umolrL, the content of chlorophyll a is 3.7-8.2mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 0.18-1.04umolol/ L, the content of chlorophyll a is 7.6-10.4mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 3.7-8.2mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 0.18-1.04umolol / L, the content of chlorophyll a is 7.6-10.4mg / L The content of dialdehyde is 0.40-0.95umolr / L, the content of chlorophyll a is 4.3-9.9mg / L, and the content of malondialdehyde is 0.63-1.62umolr / L. The TC content of P. crispus in winter was 247.9-400.0g / kg ~ (-1) TN was 41.8-66.3g / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) TP was 0.16-0.18g / kg, in summer it was 276.0-377.0g / kg ~ (-1) kg ~ (2 +) TN was 13.8-41.2 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) TP, the content of TC was 0.49-0.79 g / kg ~ (-1) in summer, the TC content was 273.8-401.6 g / kg ~ (-1) TN was 15.7-47.2g / kg ~ (-2) g / kg ~ (TP) was 0.42-0.64g / kg ~ (-1) kg 路kg ~ (-1); In summer, TC content was 326.1-390.7 g / kg TN content was 8.4-69.4 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) TP content was 0.17-0.76 g 路kg ~ (-1) kg 路kg ~ (-1), TC content in summer was 272.5-379.0 g / kg ~ (-1) TN content was 3.5-29.5g 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) TP content was 0.04-0.53 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1). The results showed that with the increase of eutrophication, the internodal spacing and malondialdehyde of submerged plants tended to increase, while the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar decreased, and eutrophication also increased the total carbon of submerged plants. Total nitrogen and C / N ratio decreased, while total phosphorus content increased with C / P and N / P ratios. Among the species, Potamogrium crispus and Astragalus sp. were more suitable for high nutrition, and both black algae and goldfish algae could grow well under different eutrophication conditions. According to the correlation analysis, the physiological and biochemical indexes and ecochemometrics of submerged plants were correlated with the physical and chemical indexes and the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X52
本文編號(hào)：2149851
[Abstract]:The level of urbanization in Shanghai is in the leading level in China, followed by the environmental problems brought by urbanization. This study takes submerged plants in the gradient of urbanization in Shanghai as the research object. According to the different eutrophication degree of landscape water body under the gradient of urbanization, 20 landscape water bodies with submerged vegetation distribution were set up as sample points. The effects of different urbanization processes on the morphological structure, physiological and biochemical indexes and ecochemometrics characteristics of submerged plants were studied by field sampling. The main results are as follows: (1) the TN content of Shanghai landscape water body in winter is 475.1-4758.3ugr / L, 738.3-4738.9ugr / L, 484.6-4848.3ugr / L, 13.3 ~ 320.9ugrr / L, 36.6-2815.3ugP / L, 23.8-542.3ugr / L, respectively. In summer, TN content was 1358.2-3607.9ugr / L, 1729.9-4971.1 / L in the near suburb, 1367.8-4041.0ug/ L / L in the far suburb, 18.9-267.0ugr / L in the central city, 49.4-205.9ugr / L in the near suburb and 49.4-904.6ugr / L in the far suburb. (2) there was no significant difference in moisture content among different plants. The internode spacing of P. crispus in winter was 1.1-3.6 cm, that of black algae in summer was 0.6-2.2 cm, that of goldfish was 0.7-5.6 cm, that of P. crispus was 2.4-5.6 cm, that of Dioscorea vulgaris was 1.2-2.7 cm. The chlorophyll a content of P. crispus in winter is 6.7-16.2mg / L, the malondialdehyde content is 0.03-1.67umo.L. in summer, the content of chlorophyll a is 3.9-9.8mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 0.76-2.33umolrL, the content of chlorophyll a is 3.7-8.2mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 0.18-1.04umolol/ L, the content of chlorophyll a is 7.6-10.4mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 3.7-8.2mg / L, the content of malondialdehyde is 0.18-1.04umolol / L, the content of chlorophyll a is 7.6-10.4mg / L The content of dialdehyde is 0.40-0.95umolr / L, the content of chlorophyll a is 4.3-9.9mg / L, and the content of malondialdehyde is 0.63-1.62umolr / L. The TC content of P. crispus in winter was 247.9-400.0g / kg ~ (-1) TN was 41.8-66.3g / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) TP was 0.16-0.18g / kg, in summer it was 276.0-377.0g / kg ~ (-1) kg ~ (2 +) TN was 13.8-41.2 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) TP, the content of TC was 0.49-0.79 g / kg ~ (-1) in summer, the TC content was 273.8-401.6 g / kg ~ (-1) TN was 15.7-47.2g / kg ~ (-2) g / kg ~ (TP) was 0.42-0.64g / kg ~ (-1) kg 路kg ~ (-1); In summer, TC content was 326.1-390.7 g / kg TN content was 8.4-69.4 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) TP content was 0.17-0.76 g 路kg ~ (-1) kg 路kg ~ (-1), TC content in summer was 272.5-379.0 g / kg ~ (-1) TN content was 3.5-29.5g 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) TP content was 0.04-0.53 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1). The results showed that with the increase of eutrophication, the internodal spacing and malondialdehyde of submerged plants tended to increase, while the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar decreased, and eutrophication also increased the total carbon of submerged plants. Total nitrogen and C / N ratio decreased, while total phosphorus content increased with C / P and N / P ratios. Among the species, Potamogrium crispus and Astragalus sp. were more suitable for high nutrition, and both black algae and goldfish algae could grow well under different eutrophication conditions. According to the correlation analysis, the physiological and biochemical indexes and ecochemometrics of submerged plants were correlated with the physical and chemical indexes and the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X52
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