【摘要】：厭氧生物處理作為滲濾液的主要處理技術(shù)之一被廣泛應(yīng)用,厭氧顆粒污泥是處理效果好壞的關(guān)鍵。腐殖酸(Humic acid,簡稱HA)是滲濾液難降解有機物的主要組成部分,其含量會隨填埋時間的增加而大幅度增加。針對滲濾液中HA對厭氧顆粒污泥的影響,本論文分別在模擬水質(zhì)和滲濾液條件下,通過自制厭氧反應(yīng)系統(tǒng),考察HA的厭氧降解特性,研究厭氧生物處理垃圾滲濾液中不同濃度HA對顆粒污泥產(chǎn)甲烷活性和污泥顆粒形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,為滲濾液的厭氧生物處理提供參考依據(jù)。試驗得出HA對厭氧顆粒污泥的影響并不明顯,其主要結(jié)論如下：(1)HA厭氧可生物降解性研究結(jié)果表明,作為一種難降解有機物,HA在厭氧反應(yīng)過程中也較難被微生物分解利用；HA的存在及其濃度的改變對顆粒污泥并沒有明顯的生物毒性抑制作用,相反,由于HA對污泥顆粒形態(tài)有一定的保持作用,會延緩顆粒污泥的解絮和分解,在滲濾液中時,能提高顆粒污泥對滲濾液中有機物的分解利用率。(2)HA對厭氧顆粒污泥產(chǎn)甲烷活性影響結(jié)果表明,HA的存在及其濃度的大小對顆粒污泥累積產(chǎn)甲烷總量和厭氧產(chǎn)甲烷過程影響均不明顯,且在充分反應(yīng)的前提下,累積產(chǎn)甲烷總量并不能反映出毒性物質(zhì)對顆粒污泥產(chǎn)甲烷活性的抑制；滲濾液中有毒有害物質(zhì)對顆粒污泥的厭氧產(chǎn)甲烷過程產(chǎn)生了明顯的抑制,停留時間20h,無滲濾液組別顆粒污泥的累積產(chǎn)甲烷量可達(dá)最大累積產(chǎn)甲烷量的75%左右,而滲濾液組別的僅為25%左右,表明厭氧生物處理垃圾滲濾液時,需要足夠的停留時間才能保證較好的處理效果；對比污泥SMA可以得出,HA對顆粒污泥產(chǎn)甲烷活性有一定的促進作用,無緩沖劑時,污泥SMA值平均升高了19.2%,投加緩沖劑時,污泥SMA值平均升高了5.4%,但在滲濾液條件下,滲濾液中的毒性物質(zhì)對顆粒污泥的毒害作用遠(yuǎn)大于HA的促進作用,顆粒污泥SMA值平均下降了27.6%。(3)HA對污泥顆粒形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響結(jié)果表明,與接種污泥相比,試驗后顆粒污泥外形結(jié)構(gòu)并未發(fā)生明顯變化,但污泥表面及內(nèi)部微生物量明顯增多,污泥表面微生物以球菌為主,內(nèi)部微生物以絲狀菌為主；無緩沖劑時,HA的存在對顆粒污泥外形結(jié)構(gòu)無明顯影響,但使污泥顆粒表面和內(nèi)部微生物種類及數(shù)量均高于對照瓶；投加緩沖劑時,HA對顆粒污泥形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及生物組成影響不明顯；滲濾液條件時,由于水質(zhì)的復(fù)雜性,顆粒污泥表面和內(nèi)部孔洞結(jié)構(gòu)減少,但HA對顆粒污泥形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及微生物組成影響不明顯。
[Abstract]:Anaerobic biological treatment as one of the main leachate treatment technology is widely used, anaerobic granular sludge is the key to the treatment effect. Humic acid (Humic acid, (HA) is the main component of refractory organic matter in leachate, and its content will increase greatly with the increase of landfill time. In view of the effect of HA in leachate on anaerobic granular sludge, the anaerobic degradation characteristics of HA were investigated by self-made anaerobic reaction system under simulated water quality and leachate condition, respectively. The effects of different concentrations of HA in landfill leachate on the methanogenic activity of granular sludge and the morphology of granular sludge were studied in order to provide reference for anaerobic biological treatment of landfill leachate. The results showed that the effect of HA on anaerobic granular sludge was not obvious. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) the study on the anaerobic biodegradability of HA showed that it was difficult to be decomposed by microorganisms during anaerobic reaction as a kind of refractory organic matter. The presence and concentration of HA had no obvious inhibitory effect on the biotoxicity of granular sludge. On the contrary, because HA could maintain the morphology of granular sludge, it would delay the decomposition and decomposition of granular sludge. (2) the effect of HA on methanogenic activity of anaerobic granular sludge shows that the presence of HA and its concentration influence the cumulative methanogenesis and anaerobic methanogenesis of granular sludge. The effect of process was not obvious. On the premise of sufficient reaction, the cumulative total amount of methane production could not reflect the inhibition of methanogenic activity of granular sludge by toxic substances, and the toxic and harmful substances in leachate significantly inhibited the anaerobic methanogenesis process of granular sludge. When the retention time is 20 hours, the cumulative methanogenic capacity of granular sludge in non-leachate group can reach about 75% of the maximum cumulative methanogenic capacity, while that in leachate group is only about 25%, which indicates that anaerobic biological treatment of landfill leachate, Compared with the sludge SMA, it can be concluded that the HA can promote the methanogenic activity of granular sludge to some extent. When there is no buffer, the SMA value of sludge increases by 19.2g on average, and when the buffer is added, The average SMA value of sludge increased by 5.4, but under the condition of leachate, the toxic substance in leachate was much more toxic to granular sludge than that of HA, and the SMA value of granular sludge decreased 27.60.The results showed that the effect of HA on the morphology and structure of granular sludge was higher than that of HA. Compared with the inoculated sludge, the shape and structure of granular sludge did not change obviously, but the surface and internal microbial biomass of the sludge increased obviously. The microbes on the surface of sludge were mainly cocci and filamentous bacteria. The presence of HA had no obvious effect on the shape and structure of granular sludge, but made the species and quantity of microorganism on the surface and inside of granular sludge higher than that of the control bottle, and the effect of HA on the morphology and biological composition of granular sludge was not obvious when the buffer was added. Under the condition of leachate, the surface and internal pore structure of granular sludge decreased due to the complexity of water quality, but the effect of HA on the morphology and microbial composition of granular sludge was not obvious.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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