【摘要】：氨氮是造成水體富營養(yǎng)化的關(guān)鍵因素,隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,越來越多的含氮工業(yè)廢水被排入江河湖泊中,為水體帶來了極大的隱患。高濃度工業(yè)氨氮廢水成分復(fù)雜,污染物含量高,難處理,在排入城市污水處理系統(tǒng)前,應(yīng)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理降低氨氮濃度,以減少城市污水處理系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷。同時(shí),氨氮被廣泛添加到各類肥料中,廢水脫氮的同時(shí),氨氮資源化回收的研究具有重要意義。本文對(duì)陜西省某煤制氮肥廠廢水進(jìn)行了污染源調(diào)查,并采用膜化學(xué)反應(yīng)器與中空纖維膜分離法對(duì)氨氮廢水進(jìn)行了脫氮處理。膜化學(xué)反應(yīng)器將鳥糞石沉淀法與膜分離技術(shù)結(jié)合處理氨氮廢水,研究了氨氮去除率、出水濁度、鳥糞石回收情況。在廢水p H為8~9并不調(diào)節(jié)廢水p H的情況下,用中空纖維膜分離法處理氨氮廢水,并使用不同濃度的硫酸溶液作為分離液,研究初始濃度、硫酸溶液濃度以及流向?qū)τ诎钡コ实挠绊�。研究得出以下主要結(jié)論:(1)使用德士古氣化爐的煤制氮肥廠所排放的廢水中,氣化廢水,變換常溫冷凝液,火炬液封水的水量、氨氮濃度、COD均較大,變換常溫冷凝液可回用至磨煤工段,主要處理對(duì)象是氣化廢水及火炬液封水,氣化廢水氨氮濃度為180~500mg/L,火炬液封水氨氮濃度為1500~1800 mg/L。(2)用膜化學(xué)反應(yīng)器處理氨氮濃度為192.88 mg/L的氣化廢水,選擇Mg Cl2·6H2O和Na2HPO4·12H2O作為沉淀劑,藥劑投加比為n(NH4+):n(Mg2+):n(PO43-)=1:1:1,氨氮去除率超過90%。出水濁度為20度,相較于進(jìn)水,出水濁度降低了50%左右,相較于分離池,出水濁度降低了85%以上。在分離池持續(xù)曝氣,可減緩膜通量的降低速率。鳥糞石的回收率可達(dá)94.29%。(3)將0.3 mol/L、0.4 mol/L、0.5 mol/L的硫酸溶液作為分離液,用中空纖維膜分離法對(duì)濃度為274 mg/L、380 mg/L、478 mg/L的廢水進(jìn)行脫氮處理。氨氮的去除率為34%~50%。采用中空纖維膜分離法處理氨氮廢水時(shí),氨氮的去除率會(huì)隨廢水初始濃度的增加而降低,也會(huì)隨硫酸溶液濃度增大而提高,當(dāng)氨氮廢水和硫酸溶液在中空纖維膜內(nèi)流向相同時(shí),氨氮去除率稍大于反向時(shí)。
[Abstract]:Ammonia nitrogen is the key factor of eutrophication of water body. With the development of industry, more and more industrial wastewater containing nitrogen is discharged into rivers and lakes, which brings great hidden trouble to water body. The wastewater with high concentration of ammonia nitrogen is complex in composition, high in pollutant content and difficult to treat. Before discharging into the municipal wastewater treatment system, pretreatment should be carried out to reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in order to reduce the load of municipal wastewater treatment system. At the same time, ammonia nitrogen is widely added to all kinds of fertilizers, and it is of great significance to study the recovery of ammonia nitrogen resource while the wastewater is denitrified. The pollution sources of wastewater from a coal nitrogenous fertilizer plant in Shaanxi Province were investigated, and the ammonia nitrogen wastewater was treated by membrane chemical reactor and hollow fiber membrane separation method. The ammonia nitrogen wastewater was treated by a membrane chemical reactor. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, the turbidity of effluent and the recovery of bird dung stone were studied. Under the condition that the pH of the wastewater is 8 ~ 9, the ammonia nitrogen wastewater is treated by hollow fiber membrane separation method, and the initial concentration is studied by using different concentrations of sulfuric acid solution as the separation solution. The effect of concentration and flow direction of sulfuric acid solution on ammonia nitrogen removal rate. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in the wastewater discharged from the coal nitrogen fertilizer plant with Texaco gasifier, the amount of water in gasification wastewater, the change of condensate at room temperature, the amount of water sealed by flare liquid, and the concentration of ammonia and nitrogen in nitrogen fertilizer plant are all relatively large. The condensate at normal temperature can be reused to the coal mill section, and the main treatment object is gasification wastewater and flare liquid sealing water. The ammonia nitrogen concentration of gasification wastewater was 180 ~ 500mg / L and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water was 1500 ~ 1800mg / L. (2) the gasification wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 192.88 mg/L was treated by membrane chemical reactor. Mg Cl2 6H2O and Na2HPO4 12H2O were selected as precipitators. The ratio of adding agent was n (NH4): n (Mg2) n (PO43-) 1: 1: 1, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate exceeded 90%. Compared with the influent, the turbidity of the effluent decreased by about 50%, and the turbidity of the effluent decreased by more than 85% compared with the separation tank. Continuous aeration in the separation tank can slow down the reduction rate of membrane flux. The recovery rate of bird dung can reach 94.29. (3) the sulfuric acid solution of 0.3 mol / L ~ (0.4) mol / L ~ (0.5) mol/L was used as the separation solution, and the wastewater with a concentration of 274 mg / L ~ (380) mg / L ~ (478) mg/L was treated with hollow fiber membrane separation method. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 34% and 50%. When the ammonia nitrogen wastewater is treated by hollow fiber membrane separation, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen decreases with the increase of the initial concentration of the wastewater and increases with the increase of the concentration of sulfuric acid solution. When the flow of ammonia nitrogen wastewater and sulfuric acid solution is the same in the hollow fiber membrane, The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is slightly higher than that of reverse.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X786

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本文編號(hào)：2146232