毛皮加工廢水厭氧好氧工藝優(yōu)化及參數研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-26 12:56
【摘要】：近年來,我國毛皮工業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展,而毛皮生產過程中所產生的廢水因其水量大、有機物含量大、鹽度大和色度高,導致處理難度大,難以到達國家新出臺的《制革及毛皮加工工業(yè)水污染物排放標準》(GB 30486-2013)所規(guī)定的排放要求。隨著節(jié)能減排和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的要求,浙江省對毛皮加工行業(yè)提出了整治提升方案,要求企業(yè)嚴格執(zhí)行排放標準,并且重復用水率不得低于40%。目前當地很多毛皮加工企業(yè)達不到整治標準而被關停。不提升傳統(tǒng)廢水處理工藝,毛皮加工廢水達標排放和中水回用的目標就難以實現。本文結合浙江某皮草有限公司污水站改建工程,采用強化厭氧-好氧活性污泥工藝。對該企業(yè)生產廢水的處理現狀及普遍存在的問題進行調查,通過厭氧-好氧工藝小試確定工藝對各水質指標的去除效果,并對工藝運行控制參數進行了優(yōu)化研究。研究得出以下結論:(1)毛皮加工流程復雜,各工段出水水質變化大,導致毛皮生產廢水的排放具有水量不穩(wěn)定和水質波動大的特性,廢水CODCr濃度高(1300~3500mg/L)、氨氮濃度高(90~196 mg/L)、中性鹽含量高(Clˉ濃度4539~8672 mg/L)色度高(200~500倍)�，F在該企業(yè)采用的加藥-好氧活性污泥工藝難以保證出水水質達標。(2)在實驗室進行序批式厭氧-好氧(SAOBR)工藝處理毛皮染色廢水,系統(tǒng)確定厭氧-好氧工藝參數為:厭氧池水力停留時間(HRT)22 h,此時廢水可生化性最高BOD5/CODcr最高。好氧池HRT 10 h,CODCr去除率達到最大。實驗所用活性污泥取自城市污水處理站,分別進行厭氧和好氧的馴化培養(yǎng)。經過一周左右的啟動期后開始穩(wěn)定運行,出水CODCr降至100mg/L氨氮降至5mg/L以下,色度降至10倍以下。根據實驗室的SAOBR工藝參數表明厭氧-好氧工藝應用于毛皮生產廢水處理具有可行性。(3)在企業(yè)污水站,進行連續(xù)流式厭氧-好氧(A/O)工藝處理某毛皮企業(yè)生產廢水的小試。確定連續(xù)流式厭氧-好氧工藝處理毛皮綜合廢水的參數:厭氧和好氧的水力停留時間都為1.5 d。此時系統(tǒng)達到最優(yōu)化的狀態(tài),CODCr、氨氮和色度的去除率都穩(wěn)定在92%以上。微生物群落結構穩(wěn)定,活性污泥中的原生動物豐富,出水水質達到排放標準。表明強化A/O工藝處理大流量、水質水量波動性大的毛皮廢水具有可操作性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the fur industry in our country has developed vigorously, but the wastewater produced in the fur production process is difficult to treat because of its large amount of water, high content of organic matter, high salinity and high chroma. It is difficult to meet the emission requirements stipulated by the new National Standard for discharge of Water pollutants in Tannery and Fur processing Industry (GB 30486-2013). With the requirements of energy saving and sustainable development, Zhejiang Province has put forward a plan to improve the fur processing industry, requiring enterprises to strictly implement the emission standards, and the reuse water rate should not be less than 40%. At present, many local fur processing enterprises can not meet the regulation standards and were shut down. Without improving the traditional wastewater treatment process, it is difficult to achieve the goal of discharge and reuse of reclaimed water from fur processing wastewater. In this paper, an enhanced anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process was adopted in connection with the reconstruction project of a waste water station of Zhejiang Leather Co., Ltd. The present situation and common problems of wastewater treatment in this enterprise were investigated. The removal effect of each water quality index was determined by the small scale test of anaerobic aerobic process, and the control parameters of process operation were optimized. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the process of fur processing is complex and the effluent quality of each section changes greatly, which results in the discharge of fur production wastewater has the characteristics of unstable quantity of water and large fluctuation of water quality. The wastewater has a high concentration of CODCr (1300~3500mg/L), a high concentration of ammonia nitrogen (90 ~ 196 mg/L) and a high content of neutral salt (4539 ~ 8672 mg/L). It is difficult to ensure that the effluent quality can be up to standard by using the dose-aerobic activated sludge process. (2) the sequential batch anaerobic aerobic (SAOBR) process is used to treat the fur dyeing wastewater. The anaerobic aerobic process parameters were determined as follows: the water retention time of anaerobic pool was (HRT) 22 h, and the highest biodegradability of wastewater was BOD5/CODcr. The removal rate of COD Cr in aerobic tank HRT 10 h was the highest. The activated sludge was collected from the municipal sewage treatment station for anaerobic and aerobic acclimation. After about a week of start-up, the effluent CODCr decreased to 100mg/L ammonia nitrogen below 5mg/L, and the chroma decreased to less than 10 times. According to the SAOBR process parameters in the laboratory, it is feasible to apply the anaerobic aerobic process to the treatment of fur production wastewater. (3) A / O continuous flow anaerobic aerobic (A- / O) process is used to treat the wastewater from a fur plant. The parameters of continuous flow anaerobic-aerobic process for the treatment of fur synthetic wastewater were determined. The HRT of both anaerobic and aerobic wastewater was 1.5 days. At this time, the optimal state of CODCr, ammonia nitrogen and chromaticity removal rate are above 92%. The microbial community structure is stable, the protozoa in activated sludge is abundant, and the effluent quality is up to the discharge standard. The results show that the treatment of fur wastewater with large flow rate and high water quality and quantity fluctuation by enhanced A- O process is feasible.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X794
本文編號：2146083
[Abstract]:In recent years, the fur industry in our country has developed vigorously, but the wastewater produced in the fur production process is difficult to treat because of its large amount of water, high content of organic matter, high salinity and high chroma. It is difficult to meet the emission requirements stipulated by the new National Standard for discharge of Water pollutants in Tannery and Fur processing Industry (GB 30486-2013). With the requirements of energy saving and sustainable development, Zhejiang Province has put forward a plan to improve the fur processing industry, requiring enterprises to strictly implement the emission standards, and the reuse water rate should not be less than 40%. At present, many local fur processing enterprises can not meet the regulation standards and were shut down. Without improving the traditional wastewater treatment process, it is difficult to achieve the goal of discharge and reuse of reclaimed water from fur processing wastewater. In this paper, an enhanced anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process was adopted in connection with the reconstruction project of a waste water station of Zhejiang Leather Co., Ltd. The present situation and common problems of wastewater treatment in this enterprise were investigated. The removal effect of each water quality index was determined by the small scale test of anaerobic aerobic process, and the control parameters of process operation were optimized. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the process of fur processing is complex and the effluent quality of each section changes greatly, which results in the discharge of fur production wastewater has the characteristics of unstable quantity of water and large fluctuation of water quality. The wastewater has a high concentration of CODCr (1300~3500mg/L), a high concentration of ammonia nitrogen (90 ~ 196 mg/L) and a high content of neutral salt (4539 ~ 8672 mg/L). It is difficult to ensure that the effluent quality can be up to standard by using the dose-aerobic activated sludge process. (2) the sequential batch anaerobic aerobic (SAOBR) process is used to treat the fur dyeing wastewater. The anaerobic aerobic process parameters were determined as follows: the water retention time of anaerobic pool was (HRT) 22 h, and the highest biodegradability of wastewater was BOD5/CODcr. The removal rate of COD Cr in aerobic tank HRT 10 h was the highest. The activated sludge was collected from the municipal sewage treatment station for anaerobic and aerobic acclimation. After about a week of start-up, the effluent CODCr decreased to 100mg/L ammonia nitrogen below 5mg/L, and the chroma decreased to less than 10 times. According to the SAOBR process parameters in the laboratory, it is feasible to apply the anaerobic aerobic process to the treatment of fur production wastewater. (3) A / O continuous flow anaerobic aerobic (A- / O) process is used to treat the wastewater from a fur plant. The parameters of continuous flow anaerobic-aerobic process for the treatment of fur synthetic wastewater were determined. The HRT of both anaerobic and aerobic wastewater was 1.5 days. At this time, the optimal state of CODCr, ammonia nitrogen and chromaticity removal rate are above 92%. The microbial community structure is stable, the protozoa in activated sludge is abundant, and the effluent quality is up to the discharge standard. The results show that the treatment of fur wastewater with large flow rate and high water quality and quantity fluctuation by enhanced A- O process is feasible.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X794
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