復(fù)凝聚法回收淀粉加工廢水中蛋白質(zhì)的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-18 08:53
【摘要】：淀粉工業(yè)是以馬鈴薯、小麥、大米、玉米等農(nóng)作物為原料生產(chǎn)淀粉或者淀粉深加工產(chǎn)品的行業(yè)。我國(guó)是世界上馬鈴薯和小麥產(chǎn)量最大的國(guó)家,隨著馬鈴薯和小麥深加工的發(fā)展,生產(chǎn)淀粉過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的淀粉廢水也不斷增多,工業(yè)上一般未經(jīng)處理直接排放,或采用熱絮凝法沉淀淀粉廢水中的可溶性蛋白質(zhì),所得蛋白發(fā)生不可逆的變性導(dǎo)致?tīng)I(yíng)養(yǎng)功能性質(zhì)大幅度降低。復(fù)凝聚法是一種條件溫和的方法,原理是使帶相反電荷的蛋白質(zhì)和多糖發(fā)生靜電相互作用形成電中性、不溶性的復(fù)合物,進(jìn)而形成相分離。復(fù)凝聚法回收蛋白質(zhì)能夠最大程度地保留蛋白質(zhì)的相關(guān)性質(zhì),避免工業(yè)上的酸熱條件,提高副產(chǎn)物資源的附加值。通過(guò)濁度滴定研究馬鈴薯蛋白-殼聚糖復(fù)凝聚過(guò)程中的相行為,以及不同p H、蛋白/殼聚糖比例對(duì)蛋白質(zhì)回收效果的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨著殼聚糖添加量的增大,蛋白/殼聚糖比例的降低,馬鈴薯淀粉廢水/殼聚糖混合體系的濁度曲線向高p H方向偏移。最佳的蛋白回收條件為:p H 6.0,蛋白/殼聚糖比例1:2,蛋白回收率為51.9%。殼聚糖能選擇性地回收酸性蛋白糖蛋白,通過(guò)電泳光密度分析,糖蛋白純度達(dá)到88.6%。進(jìn)一步對(duì)蛋白-殼聚糖復(fù)合物進(jìn)行分離,回收產(chǎn)物蛋白含量由25%提高到78.9%。通過(guò)濁度滴定研究馬鈴薯蛋白-卡拉膠復(fù)凝聚過(guò)程中的相行為,以及不同p H、蛋白/卡拉膠比例對(duì)蛋白質(zhì)回收效果的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨著卡拉膠添加量的增大,蛋白/卡拉膠比例的下降,馬鈴薯淀粉廢水/卡拉膠混合體系濁度曲線向低p H值方向偏移。最佳的蛋白回收條件為:p H 3.5,蛋白/卡拉膠比例2.5:1,蛋白回收率達(dá)100%,回收產(chǎn)物蛋白含量為67.2%�？ɡz對(duì)馬鈴薯蛋白的回收沒(méi)有選擇性,不同p H和比例下得到的蛋白組分無(wú)明顯差異。系統(tǒng)研究不同陰離子多糖對(duì)蛋白質(zhì)回收效果的影響,并對(duì)不同陰離子多糖分子量與蛋白質(zhì)回收率之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行深入探討。結(jié)果表明:卡拉膠、黃原膠、海藻酸鈉、CMC、阿拉伯膠的最佳蛋白回收率分別為100%、99.2%、94.7%、85%和74%。多糖分子量與蛋白質(zhì)回收率之間存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系,相關(guān)方程為y=10.895ln(x)+22.869,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.8584。對(duì)照組酸沉法在p H 2.5,蛋白回收率為74.3%。酸熱法在100℃下加熱2 min,蛋白回收率為93.5%。通過(guò)對(duì)p H 3.5,蛋白/卡拉膠2.5:1下離心得到的上清液進(jìn)行液相色譜分析和氨基酸測(cè)定,得出上清液中存在大量的游離氨基酸,因此選用001×8型苯乙烯強(qiáng)陽(yáng)離子交換樹(shù)脂對(duì)游離氨基酸作進(jìn)一步回收。結(jié)果表明:Thomas模型能較好地?cái)M合氨基酸的穿透曲線,擬合方程為y=-0.1054x+5.0035,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.992。穿透體積下上樣游離氨基酸回收率達(dá)88.4%,洗脫液中氨基酸干基含量達(dá)89.5%。為進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證復(fù)凝聚法回收淀粉廢水中蛋白質(zhì)的適用性,研究不同p H、蛋白/卡拉膠比例對(duì)小麥淀粉廢水中蛋白質(zhì)的回收。結(jié)果表明:隨著卡拉膠添加量的增大,蛋白/卡拉膠比例的降低,濁度曲線向低p H值方向偏移。最佳的蛋白回收條件為:p H 4.5,蛋白/卡拉膠為2.5:1,蛋白回收率達(dá)95.7%。
[Abstract]:Starch industry is the industry of producing starch or starch processing products with potato, wheat, rice, corn and other crops as raw materials. China is the country with the largest production of potato and wheat in the world. With the development of deep processing of potato and wheat, starch wastewater from the process of producing starch is also increasing. Treatment of direct discharge or the use of thermal flocculation to precipitate soluble protein in starch wastewater. The irreversible degeneration of the protein leads to a large reduction in the properties of the nutritional function. The complex condensation method is a mild method. The principle is that the interaction of proteins and polysaccharides with opposite charges can form electrical neutrality and insolubility. The complex coacervation can form the phase separation. The recovery of protein by the complex condensation method can preserve the relative properties of the protein to the maximum extent, avoid the industrial acid heat conditions and increase the added value of the by-product resources. By turbidimetric titration, the phase behavior in the process of potato protein chitosan complex condensation, as well as the different P H, protein / chitosan ratio, are studied. The results showed that with the increase of the amount of chitosan, the ratio of protein / chitosan decreased and the turbidity curve of potato starch wastewater / chitosan mixed system shifted to high P H direction. The best protein recovery conditions were p H 6, protein / chitosan ratio 1:2, protein recovery rate of 51.9%. chitosan The acid protein glycoprotein was selectively recovered. Through the electrophoresis light density analysis, the purity of glycoprotein was 88.6%. and the protein chitosan complex was further separated. The recovery product protein content was increased from 25% to 78.9%. to study the phase behavior of potato protein carrageenan recovery through turbidimetric titration, as well as different P H, protein / carrageenan. The results showed that as the amount of carrageenan increased, the ratio of protein / carrageenan decreased and the turbidimetric curve of potato starch wastewater / carrageenan mixed system shifted to low P H value. The best protein recovery conditions were p H 3.5, protein / carrageenan ratio 2.5:1, protein recovery rate of 100%, recovery production. The protein content of 67.2%. carrageenan was not selective for the recovery of potato protein, and there was no significant difference in the protein components of different P H and proportion. The effect of different anionic polysaccharides on the recovery of protein was systematically studied, and the relationship between the molecular weight of different anionic polysaccharides and the recovery rate of protein was discussed. The best protein recovery of carrageenan, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, CMC and Arabia gum was 100%, 99.2%, 94.7%, 85% and 74%. were positively correlated with protein recovery, the correlation equation was y=10.895ln (x) +22.869, the correlation coefficient R2 was p H 2.5 in 0.8584. control group, and the recovery rate of protein was 74.3%. acid heat. The method was heated at 100 C for 2 min, and the recovery rate of protein was 93.5%. through liquid chromatography analysis and amino acid determination by P H 3.5, protein / carrageenan 2.5:1 centrifuge. A large number of free amino acids were found in the supernatant. Therefore, the free amino acids were further recovered by using 001 x 8 styrene strong Yang dissociation resin. The results show that the Thomas model can better fit the penetration curve of amino acids, the fitting equation is y=-0.1054x+5.0035, the correlation coefficient R2 is 88.4% of the free amino acid of the upper sample under the 0.992. penetration volume, and the content of the amino acid dry base in the eluent is 89.5%. to further verify the applicability of the recovery of the protein in the starch wastewater by the complex condensation method. The recovery of protein in wheat starch wastewater with different P H and protein / carrageenan ratio showed that with the increase of the amount of carrageenan, the ratio of protein / carrageenan decreased and the turbidimetric curve shifted to the low P H value. The best protein recovery conditions were p H 4.5, protein / Cara glue as 2.5:1, and the protein recovery rate of 95.7%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X792;TQ936
本文編號(hào)：2131395
[Abstract]:Starch industry is the industry of producing starch or starch processing products with potato, wheat, rice, corn and other crops as raw materials. China is the country with the largest production of potato and wheat in the world. With the development of deep processing of potato and wheat, starch wastewater from the process of producing starch is also increasing. Treatment of direct discharge or the use of thermal flocculation to precipitate soluble protein in starch wastewater. The irreversible degeneration of the protein leads to a large reduction in the properties of the nutritional function. The complex condensation method is a mild method. The principle is that the interaction of proteins and polysaccharides with opposite charges can form electrical neutrality and insolubility. The complex coacervation can form the phase separation. The recovery of protein by the complex condensation method can preserve the relative properties of the protein to the maximum extent, avoid the industrial acid heat conditions and increase the added value of the by-product resources. By turbidimetric titration, the phase behavior in the process of potato protein chitosan complex condensation, as well as the different P H, protein / chitosan ratio, are studied. The results showed that with the increase of the amount of chitosan, the ratio of protein / chitosan decreased and the turbidity curve of potato starch wastewater / chitosan mixed system shifted to high P H direction. The best protein recovery conditions were p H 6, protein / chitosan ratio 1:2, protein recovery rate of 51.9%. chitosan The acid protein glycoprotein was selectively recovered. Through the electrophoresis light density analysis, the purity of glycoprotein was 88.6%. and the protein chitosan complex was further separated. The recovery product protein content was increased from 25% to 78.9%. to study the phase behavior of potato protein carrageenan recovery through turbidimetric titration, as well as different P H, protein / carrageenan. The results showed that as the amount of carrageenan increased, the ratio of protein / carrageenan decreased and the turbidimetric curve of potato starch wastewater / carrageenan mixed system shifted to low P H value. The best protein recovery conditions were p H 3.5, protein / carrageenan ratio 2.5:1, protein recovery rate of 100%, recovery production. The protein content of 67.2%. carrageenan was not selective for the recovery of potato protein, and there was no significant difference in the protein components of different P H and proportion. The effect of different anionic polysaccharides on the recovery of protein was systematically studied, and the relationship between the molecular weight of different anionic polysaccharides and the recovery rate of protein was discussed. The best protein recovery of carrageenan, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, CMC and Arabia gum was 100%, 99.2%, 94.7%, 85% and 74%. were positively correlated with protein recovery, the correlation equation was y=10.895ln (x) +22.869, the correlation coefficient R2 was p H 2.5 in 0.8584. control group, and the recovery rate of protein was 74.3%. acid heat. The method was heated at 100 C for 2 min, and the recovery rate of protein was 93.5%. through liquid chromatography analysis and amino acid determination by P H 3.5, protein / carrageenan 2.5:1 centrifuge. A large number of free amino acids were found in the supernatant. Therefore, the free amino acids were further recovered by using 001 x 8 styrene strong Yang dissociation resin. The results show that the Thomas model can better fit the penetration curve of amino acids, the fitting equation is y=-0.1054x+5.0035, the correlation coefficient R2 is 88.4% of the free amino acid of the upper sample under the 0.992. penetration volume, and the content of the amino acid dry base in the eluent is 89.5%. to further verify the applicability of the recovery of the protein in the starch wastewater by the complex condensation method. The recovery of protein in wheat starch wastewater with different P H and protein / carrageenan ratio showed that with the increase of the amount of carrageenan, the ratio of protein / carrageenan decreased and the turbidimetric curve shifted to the low P H value. The best protein recovery conditions were p H 4.5, protein / Cara glue as 2.5:1, and the protein recovery rate of 95.7%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X792;TQ936
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