本文選題：抗生素 + 抗性基因�。� 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：污水處理廠剩余污泥中含有高濃度的抗性基因,但對污泥進(jìn)行有效處理處置以降低其環(huán)境風(fēng)險的研究還很少,目前已有研究表明厭氧消化技術(shù)能有效削減污泥中的抗性基因。因此,本研究以城市污水處理廠剩余污泥為主要研究對象,采用序批式厭氧消化技術(shù)對污泥進(jìn)行處理,利用超高液相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜(LC-MS/MS)對泥樣中8種抗生素進(jìn)行檢測分析,實時熒光定量PCR方法對四環(huán)素類抗性基因、磺胺類抗性基因及Ⅰ類整合子(intIl)進(jìn)行定量分析,以探尋不同條件(溫度、初始pH)對抗生素和抗性基因行為特征的影響,并分析營養(yǎng)元素、Ⅰ類整合子與抗性基因之間的相關(guān)性。以溫度(15℃、30℃、36℃、、50℃、60℃)為實驗變量,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),抗生素的降解速率隨溫度的升高而升高,15℃、中溫(30℃和36℃)和高溫(50℃和60℃)下總抗生素的平均去除率分別為45%、59%和78%。溫度升高對抗性基因的削減效果影響顯著,15℃、中溫(30℃,36℃)和高溫(50℃,60℃)下四環(huán)素類抗性基因分別削減0.52 log、0.90 log和1.50 log,磺胺類抗性基因分別削減0.56 log、0.78 log和1.31 log。但反應(yīng)50天時,tetM. tetO、tetQ、tetX、sulⅠ、 sulⅡ均出現(xiàn)回升,其中tetO回升最多,達(dá)0.84 log。以初始pH(3、5、7、9、11)為實驗變量,結(jié)果顯示,污泥中的部分抗生素得到削減,總抗生素的平均去除率為42%。初始pH變化對抗生素降解和抗性基因削減的影響很小。對照組及初始pH為3、5、7、9、11下的四環(huán)素類抗性基因分別削減0.65 log、0.96 log、0.75 log、0.62 log、0.86 log和0.98 log,其中在初始pH=3和初始pH=11下四環(huán)素類抗性基因削減較多。然而磺胺類抗性基因均無削減,濃度平均上升0.18 log。相關(guān)性分析表明,只有tetQ與營養(yǎng)元素呈負(fù)相關(guān),其余抗性基因與其皆呈正相關(guān)。SCOD、NH3-N、TN和TP與tetM、tetX、su1Ⅱ皆無顯著相關(guān)性,而與tetA、tetG、tetL、tetW皆存在顯著相關(guān)性。intI1與其中的NH3-N、TN和TP存在顯著相關(guān)性(R2=0.495、0.459、0.587,P0.05)。
[Abstract]:There is a high concentration of resistance genes in the excess sludge of sewage treatment plant, but there are few studies on the effective treatment of sludge to reduce its environmental risk. At present, it has been shown that anaerobic digestion technology can effectively reduce the resistance genes in sludge. Therefore, in this study, the excess sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as the main research object, the sludge was treated by sequencing batch anaerobic digestion, and 8 antibiotics in the sludge samples were detected and analyzed by ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS). The quantitative analysis of tetracycline resistance genes, sulfonamides resistance genes and class I integron (int Il) by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was carried out to explore the effects of different conditions (temperature, initial pH) on the behavioral characteristics of antibiotics and resistance genes. The relationship between nutrient elements, class I integron and resistance gene was analyzed. Taking the temperature (15 鈩，

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