發(fā)布時間：2018-07-04 17:17

  本文選題：人工濕地 + 雌酮(E1)　； 參考：《東南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境中極微量的類固醇雌激素(Steroidal Estrogens, SEs)就能危害人和動物的健康,目前以人工濕地法去除SEs的研究甚少。本論文以雌酮(Estrone, El)和17α-乙炔基雌二醇(17a-Ethinylestradiol, EE2)為研究對象,從調(diào)整根區(qū)微環(huán)境的角度,考察根系分泌物濃度、植物種類和電化學作用對人工濕地強化去除SEs的研究。研究美人蕉、蘆葦?shù)母捣置谖锖透到鲆旱某煞?主要結(jié)論如下：蘆葦?shù)母捣置谀芰γ黠@高于美人蕉,且蘆葦?shù)母到鲆汉透捣置谖镏芯休^多的氨基酸(包括DL-瓜氨酸和L-精氨酸)和多糖；兩者根系分泌物中均含有生物堿等次生代謝物質(zhì)；由于根系浸出液與根系分泌物主要成分組成類似,后續(xù)實驗以添加根系浸出液來模擬根系分泌物的增加。為考察根區(qū)根系分泌物的影響,三組人工濕地中分別添加不同濃度根系浸出液(c(MD)=0mg/L, c(MZ)=14mg/L, c(MG)=28mg/L),研究其對SEs等污染物的去除,主要結(jié)論如下：基質(zhì)未達飽和前,E1和EE2均先發(fā)生吸附作用,EE2吸附較快且與E1發(fā)生競爭吸附。適當添加一定濃度的根系浸出液,即模擬根系分泌物適當增多時,有利于E1、EE2、TOC、TN、TP的去除,MZ對E1、EE2最高去除率分別達88.2%和72.6%；硝化過程中所分泌的氨單加氧酶或非特異性降解酶可能有利于雌激素的降解；生物膜脫氫酶活性大小依次為MZ MD MG,根系分泌物的增加有利于提高微生物的活性,但濃度過高反而會影響微生物的活性。為考察根區(qū)植物種類的影響,兩組人工濕地中分別種植美人蕉和蘆葦,研究其對SEs等污染物的去除,主要結(jié)論如下：E1的去除率比EE2更易受植物種類的影響,因為植物的根系分泌物越多越豐富,越易使細菌大量繁殖,E1去除率受異養(yǎng)菌數(shù)量影響較大；LZ中細菌數(shù)量明顯高于MZ,AOB(氨氧化細菌)數(shù)量稍高于MZ,可能是因為LZ分泌的含氮小分子有機物更多,NOB數(shù)量接近MZ的兩倍,是因為蘆葦?shù)母捣置谖锲行?更適宜硝化菌的生長,SEs去除率與濕地中硝化作用強度正相關(guān)；LZ濕地基質(zhì)生物膜的脫氫酶活性大于MZ,可能是因為美人蕉的根系分泌物呈酸性,而脫氫酶最適反應條件為pH中性。為考察根區(qū)生物電化學作用的影響,構(gòu)建兩組微生物燃料電池型濕地(有植物MFCW1系統(tǒng)和無植物MFCW2系統(tǒng)),研究其對SEs等污染物的去除,探究其產(chǎn)電性能,主要結(jié)論如下：MFCW1和MFCW2對E1、EE2的去除率始終高于80%,去除效果明顯優(yōu)于普通人工濕地MD,可能是因為SEs極易吸附存填料以及陽極活性炭上接種的活性污泥上；MFCW(微生物燃料電池型濕地)對TOC、TN和TP的去除效果均強于MD,可能是因為細胞膜通透性和催化性能提高而促進了微生物對營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的利用；根系泌氧作用使得陰極區(qū)的溶氧濃度提高,從而使MFCW1的陰極電勢高于MFCW2; MFCW1對SEs、TOC、TN、TP的去除效果略強于MFCW2,是凼為植物對氮磷具有吸收或吸附作用,且根系分泌物能提高微生物數(shù)量和活性；MFCW1和MFCW2陰極基質(zhì)上的細菌密度與普通人工濕地MD接近,而陽極基質(zhì)上的細菌密度超過MD的兩倍：MFCW1和MFCW2中G細菌(G.sulfurreducens)和β菌(BetaProteobacteria)密度較大,說明MFCW有良好的產(chǎn)電性能。
[Abstract]:In recent years , it has been found that a very small amount of steroid estrogen in the environment can harm the health of human beings and animals . In this paper , we study the effects of root exudates , plant species and electrochemical effects on artificial wetland . The main conclusions are as follows : Estrone ( El ) and 17偽 - ethynylethyestradiol ( EE2 ) are the research objects . The main conclusions are as follows : The root exudates and root exudates of the reed are obviously higher than those of Canna , and the root exudates and root exudates of the reed contain more amino acids ( including DL - melon and L - arginine ) and polysaccharides ;
The root exudates contained secondary metabolites such as alkaloids .
In order to study the effects of root exudates on root exudates , the root exudates ( c ( MD ) = 0 mg / L , c ( MZ ) = 14 mg / L , c ( MG ) = 28 mg / L were added to the root exudates .
The ammonia monooxygenase or non - specific degrading enzyme secreted during the nitrification process may be beneficial to the degradation of estrogen ;
In order to study the effect of the plant species , the removal rate of E1 was more easily affected by plant species . The more abundant the root exudates of plants , the more susceptible the bacteria could multiply , and the removal rate of E1 was greatly affected by the quantity of isotrophic bacteria .
The quantity of bacteria was obviously higher than that of MZ , and AOB ( ammonia oxidizing bacteria ) was slightly higher than MZ , probably because of the more nitrogen - containing small molecule organic matters secreted by lz , the number of NOB was nearly twice that of MZ , because the root exudates of reed were more neutral , more suitable for the growth of nitrification bacteria , and the removal rate of nitrification was positively correlated with the strength of nitrification in the wetland ;
In order to study the effect of biological electrochemistry in root zone , two groups of microbial fuel cell type wetlands ( plant MFCW1 system and non - plant MFCW2 system ) were constructed . The results showed that the removal rates of the MFCW1 and MFCW2 for E1 and EE2 were always higher than 80 % , and the removal effect was obviously better than that of the conventional artificial wetland MD , possibly because of the easy adsorption of the filler and the activated sludge inoculated on the anode active carbon ;
The removal of TOC , TN and TP by MFCW ( microbial fuel cell type wetland ) was stronger than that of MD , which could improve the utilization of nutrients by membrane permeability and catalytic performance .
The results showed that the cathode potential of MFCW1 was higher than that of MFCW2 , and the removal effect of MFCW1 was slightly stronger than that of MFCW2 .
The density of bacteria on the cathode substrate of MFCW1 and MFCW2 is close to that of common artificial wetland , while the density of bacteria on the anode substrate is twice as large as that of MD . The density of G bacteria ( G . ) reducens and BetaProteomics in MFCW1 and MFCW2 is larger , which indicates that MFCW1 has good electrical performance .
【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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