本文選題：土壤修復(fù) + 四溴雙酚A��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：四溴雙酚A是當(dāng)前使用最普遍的溴代阻燃劑,研究表明它具有毒性。如果不對(duì)其進(jìn)行妥善的處理,將對(duì)人類健康和生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生很大的危害。四溴雙酚A微溶于水,它容易在土壤中聚集,對(duì)土壤造成嚴(yán)重的污染。當(dāng)前關(guān)于土壤中四溴雙酚A的降解報(bào)道不是很多,主要的方法有物理化學(xué)法和生物法。本文首次采用納米過(guò)氧化鈣聯(lián)合污泥裂解液來(lái)修復(fù)四溴雙酚A污染的土壤,取得了如下的研究成果。首先以無(wú)水氯化鈣和過(guò)氧化氫為原料,加入不同分散劑制備納米級(jí)過(guò)氧化鈣。分散劑分別采用常規(guī)分散劑聚乙二醇1000和經(jīng)氫氧化鈉破解剩余污泥制備產(chǎn)生的污泥裂解液。結(jié)果表明,分散劑聚乙二醇1000用于反應(yīng)時(shí),納米過(guò)氧化鈣的產(chǎn)率為68.46%,純度為65.55%,粒徑在100-250 nm之間。污泥裂解液作為分散劑制備的納米過(guò)氧化鈣的產(chǎn)率為66.91%,純度為65.51%,粒徑在100-200 nm之間。由此表明污泥裂解液可作為分散劑來(lái)制備納米過(guò)氧化鈣,具有較好的分散效果。這也為剩余生物污泥的資源化利用提出了一條新的參考路徑。此外,本文對(duì)不同土壤體系下四溴雙酚A的測(cè)試方法及條件進(jìn)行了研究。首先確定了用于測(cè)試的土壤樣品干燥溫度為50℃；對(duì)于污染土樣、污染土樣加水、污染土樣加水和納米過(guò)氧化鈣的體系,采用氫氧化鈉提取法測(cè)試時(shí)相對(duì)誤差分別為2.38%、2.08%和17.36%,土壤樣品測(cè)試的適宜pH值為9.0。對(duì)于污染土樣加污泥裂解液體系,采用乙酸乙酯法提取四溴雙酚A比氫氧化鈉法更準(zhǔn)確,氫氧化鈉提取四溴雙酚A時(shí)的相對(duì)誤差是30.94%,而乙酸乙酯提取時(shí)相對(duì)誤差只有6.02%。在明確測(cè)試方法及條件的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了不同土壤體系下四溴雙酚A的降解情況。不同的體系分別是由污泥裂解液,納米過(guò)氧化鈣和水組成或是由它們聯(lián)合組成。研究表明降解土壤中四溴雙酚A較好的體系是土壤加裂解液和納米過(guò)氧化鈣的體系。在此體系下,納米過(guò)氧化鈣用量為0.2g,降解時(shí)間為20天時(shí),污染土壤20 g (TBBPA含量50 mg/kg)中TBBPA的降解率達(dá)到71.85%。在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)土壤中四溴雙酚A的降解機(jī)理進(jìn)行了初探。通過(guò)對(duì)土壤中脫氫酶活性的測(cè)定及考察土壤中微生物是否失活對(duì)四溴雙酚A降解的影響,可推測(cè)四溴雙酚A的降解主要是通過(guò)生物法和化學(xué)法聯(lián)合作用而實(shí)現(xiàn)的。通過(guò)對(duì)LC-MS檢測(cè)的四溴雙酚A降解的產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行解析,推測(cè)在污泥裂解液和納米過(guò)氧化鈣的共同作用下,土壤中四溴雙酚A的降解路徑可能有三種方式：脫溴,p鍵的斷裂和甲基化的反應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Tetrabromobisphenol A (BPA) is the most commonly used brominated flame retardant and has been shown to be toxic. If it is not properly handled, it will do great harm to human health and ecological environment. Tetrabromobisphenol A is slightly soluble in water, and it is easy to accumulate in the soil, causing serious pollution to the soil. There are few reports about the degradation of tetrabromobisphenol A in soil. The main methods are physicochemical method and biological method. In this paper, nanometer calcium peroxide combined with sludge pyrolysis solution was used for the first time to repair the soil contaminated by tetrabromobisphenol A (BPA), and the following results were obtained. Firstly, nanometer calcium peroxide was prepared from anhydrous calcium chloride and hydrogen peroxide by adding different dispersants. The sludge pyrolysis liquid was prepared by conventional dispersant polyethylene glycol 1000 and sodium hydroxide cracking sludge. The results show that when the dispersant polyethylene glycol 1000 is used in the reaction, the yield of nano-calcium peroxide is 68.46, the purity is 65.55 and the particle size is between 100-250 nm. The yield of nanometer calcium peroxide prepared by sludge pyrolysis solution as dispersant is 66.91, the purity is 65.51 and the particle size is between 100-200 nm. The results show that sludge cracking liquid can be used as dispersant to prepare nanometer calcium peroxide and has good dispersion effect. It also provides a new reference path for the utilization of surplus biological sludge. In addition, the test methods and conditions of tetrabromobisphenol A in different soil systems were studied. The drying temperature of the soil sample for testing was determined to be 50 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2078179