本文選題：厭氧氨氧化 + 膨脹顆粒污泥床��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：厭氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)工藝目前被公認(rèn)為是最有前景的脫氮技術(shù)之其特殊的反應(yīng)機(jī)理和高效的脫氮效果不僅節(jié)約經(jīng)濟(jì)開銷,而且節(jié)省人力資源。課題選取膨脹顆粒污泥床(EGSB)作為ANAMMOX工藝啟動研究的反應(yīng)器。檢測了反應(yīng)器啟動過程中的氮去除率,分析了ANAMMOX污泥中微生物群落在啟動中的結(jié)構(gòu)變化。并對影響該工藝脫氮效率的關(guān)鍵因子進(jìn)行了解析。本實(shí)驗(yàn)為ANAMMOX在實(shí)際工程中的啟動提供了微觀上的科學(xué)依據(jù),為解決ANAMMOX工藝在啟動方面的缺陷提供了一些參考,也為ANAMMOX在實(shí)際工程中廣泛應(yīng)用提供了理論依據(jù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)采用混合污泥對ANAMMOX菌群進(jìn)行富集�；旌辖臃N污泥來自于哈爾濱濕地采集的厭氧污泥和哈爾濱文昌污水廠反硝化污泥,兩種污泥順次混合比為1：2。在本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,除了采用常規(guī)水質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)方法來評價(jià)EGSB反應(yīng)器的運(yùn)行效果外,還采用了Illumina HiSeq測序的高通量測序手段來詳細(xì)分析啟動不同時(shí)期及啟動成功后不同條件調(diào)控下的ANAMMOX污泥內(nèi)微生物結(jié)構(gòu)群落變化。實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,EGSB反應(yīng)器在啟動ANAMMOX工藝方面具有優(yōu)勢性。利用EGSB富集培養(yǎng)出的污泥,其ANAMMOX活性提高了約7倍。高通量測序結(jié)果顯示,富集的污泥中存在著具有ANAMMOX菌。在ANAMMOX工藝啟動過程中,Proteobacteria一直是優(yōu)勢菌群,Actinobacteria (1.93%-18.69%)、 Gemmatimonadetes(0.33%-1.83)和Planctomycetes(0.18%-1.61%)(ANAMMOX菌所屬菌門)三種菌門均得到了一定程度的富集。其中Proteobacteria包含了多種氨氧化菌、反硝化菌等具有脫氮功能的菌群。反應(yīng)器啟動過程中被富集的脫氮功能菌主要有Thermomonas,Dechloromonas,Thauera等反硝化菌、Nitro-somonas,Nitrosococcus等AOB菌。同時(shí)多數(shù)異養(yǎng)菌和好氧菌被淘汰出反應(yīng)體系。為了進(jìn)一步提高ANAMMOX反應(yīng)器的處理效果,我們探究了不同HRT對ANAMMOX工藝處理效果的影響。結(jié)果表明在進(jìn)水濃度較低(50mg/L)的時(shí)候,HRT對ANAMMOX工藝的處理效果并無明顯影響；在進(jìn)水濃度提升至100mg/L時(shí),反應(yīng)器在HRT為8h時(shí),具有最優(yōu)的脫氮效果；在進(jìn)水濃度較高時(shí)(200mg/L),HRT對反應(yīng)器脫氮效果的影響和之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)呈現(xiàn)類似的規(guī)律,在HRT為8h時(shí)達(dá)到了最好的氮素去除效果。結(jié)果表明,8h為本反應(yīng)器最適水力停留時(shí)間；研究發(fā)現(xiàn),微量的DO可以幫助ANAMMOX反應(yīng)器提高脫氮效率：在ANAMMOX體系中投加適量的L-半胱氨酸有助于ANAMMOX工藝的運(yùn)行。L-半胱氨酸的投加會加速氨氮和亞硝酸氮的去除,同時(shí)對氨氮的去除率有小幅提升,但是對亞硝酸氮的去除率影響不大。
[Abstract]:Anammox (Anammox) process has been recognized as the most promising denitrification technology. Its special reaction mechanism and efficient denitrification effect not only save economic costs but also save human resources. The expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) was selected as the reactor to start the Anammox process. The nitrogen removal rate during the start-up of the reactor was measured and the structural changes of microbial community in Anammox sludge during start-up were analyzed. The key factors affecting the denitrification efficiency were analyzed. This experiment provides microcosmic scientific basis for the start up of AnamMOX in practical engineering, provides some references for solving the defects of Anammox process in start-up, and provides the theoretical basis for the extensive application of Anammox in practical engineering. The mixed sludge was used to enrich Anammox flora. The mixed inoculation sludge came from anaerobic sludge collected from Harbin wetland and denitrifying sludge from Harbin Wenchang Wastewater treatment Plant. The sequential mixing ratio of the two sludge was 1: 2. In this experiment, in addition to the conventional water quality test method to evaluate the performance of EGSB reactor, The high-throughput sequencing method of Illumina HiSeq sequencing was also used to analyze in detail the changes of microbial community in Anammox sludge at different start-up stages and under different conditions after successful start-up. The experimental results show that the EGSB reactor has superiority in starting Anammox process. The anammox activity of the sludge enriched with EGSB was increased by about 7 times. High throughput sequencing results showed that Anammox was present in the enriched sludge. During the process of initiation of Anammox process, Proteobacteria were the dominant microflora Actinobacteria (1.93-18.69%), Gemmatimonadetes (0.33-1.83) and Planctomycetes (0.18- 1.61%), all of which were enriched to some extent. Proteobacteria contains a variety of ammonia oxidizing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and other bacteria with nitrogen removal function. During the start-up of the reactor, the main denitrifying bacteria were the denitrifying bacteria such as Nitro-somonas Nitrosococcus and other denitrifying bacteria such as Thermomonas Dechloromonas Thauera. At the same time, most heterotrophic bacteria and aerobic bacteria were eliminated out of the reaction system. In order to further improve the treatment efficiency of Anammox reactor, we studied the effect of different HRT on the treatment efficiency of Anammox process. The results showed that when the influent concentration was low (50 mg / L), HRT had no obvious effect on the treatment effect of Anammox process, and when the influent concentration was increased to 100 mg / L, the reactor had the best denitrification effect when HRT was 8 h. At high influent concentration (200mg / L), the effect of HRT on the denitrification efficiency of the reactor was similar to that of previous experiments, and the best nitrogen removal effect was achieved when HRT was 8 h. The results showed that 8 h was the best HRT in the reactor. Trace amount of do can help to improve nitrogen removal efficiency in Anammox reactor: adding appropriate amount of L- cysteine in Anammox system helps to speed up the removal of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen by adding. L- cysteine in Anammox process. At the same time, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased slightly, but the removal rate of nitrite nitrogen was not affected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703;X172

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2 胡靜;新型厭氧反應(yīng)器的啟動與特性研究[D];陜西科技大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：2074616