本文選題：納米TiO_2 + SDBS��； 參考：《浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著納米材料廣泛并大量應(yīng)用于人們的日常生活和生產(chǎn)中,其生物效應(yīng)與環(huán)境效應(yīng)也逐漸引起人們的關(guān)注。納米材料可通過(guò)多種途徑進(jìn)入水環(huán)境,從而對(duì)水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成一定的影響。納米二氧化鈦(nano-TiO_2)是重要的納米材料之一,目前對(duì)納米二氧化鈦的研究報(bào)道有很多,但大部分集中于對(duì)環(huán)境中單一生物的毒性效應(yīng)研究,而沿多級(jí)食物鏈傳遞的研究報(bào)道甚少。納米二氧化鈦由于本身粒徑很小且比表面積較大,容易發(fā)生團(tuán)聚而沉降,但是一些表面活性劑如十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS)能吸附在納米材料上,產(chǎn)生體積斥力或靜電斥力使納米材料穩(wěn)定懸浮,而表面活性劑是否對(duì)納米材料的生物有效性造成影響尤未可知。故研究納米二氧化鈦沿多級(jí)水生食物鏈傳遞與富集以及表面活性劑對(duì)其生物有效性的影響,對(duì)準(zhǔn)確評(píng)估納米二氧化鈦的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及生態(tài)效應(yīng)至關(guān)重要。為了更全面的評(píng)價(jià)納米二氧化鈦的生物效應(yīng),本課題通過(guò)建立不同鏈長(zhǎng)的水生食物鏈,初步探究了納米二氧化鈦以及表面活性劑-十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS)沿二級(jí)(豐年蟲(chóng)-斑馬魚(yú))和三級(jí)(豐年蟲(chóng)-斑馬魚(yú)-鯉魚(yú))水生食物鏈的傳遞與富集規(guī)律,測(cè)定了納米二氧化鈦在各營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)生物體內(nèi)的含量及組織分布,并對(duì)最高營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)生物進(jìn)行了組織病理學(xué)觀察。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),8mg/L的SDBS對(duì)100mg/L的納米TiO_2懸浮液的分散性最好;納米TiO_2可以沿二級(jí)(豐年蟲(chóng)-斑馬魚(yú))和三級(jí)(豐年蟲(chóng)-斑馬魚(yú)-鯉魚(yú))水生食物鏈發(fā)生傳遞與富集。在暴露期,隨著時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),納米TiO_2在魚(yú)體內(nèi)的蓄積量逐漸增加;在凈化期,魚(yú)體內(nèi)的蓄積量有所降低,說(shuō)明魚(yú)自身具有一定的自凈和解毒機(jī)能。經(jīng)食物鏈傳遞后,納米TiO_2在魚(yú)體內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)一定的組織分布,蓄積量表現(xiàn)為心最高,肝、腸、腮次之,腦最低。魚(yú)的部分組織也檢查出明顯的病變,且三級(jí)食物鏈最高營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)生物的損傷組織比二級(jí)食物鏈的要多,受損情況更嚴(yán)重一些。隨著SDBS的加入,納米TiO_2在受試生物體內(nèi)和組織內(nèi)的蓄積量明顯增加,組織受損程度也有所加劇。
[Abstract]:With the extensive and extensive application of nanomaterials in people's daily life and production, the biological and environmental effects of nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention. Nanomaterials can enter the water environment through many ways, which has a certain impact on aquatic ecosystem. Nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO-2) is one of the most important nano-materials. There are a lot of reports on nano-TiO _ 2, but most of them focus on the toxic effect of single organism in the environment, but there are few reports on the transmission of nano-TiO _ 2 along the multi-level food chain. Due to its small particle size and large specific surface area, nano-TiO _ 2 is prone to agglomeration and deposition. However, some surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBs) can adsorb on nanometer materials. Volume repulsive force or electrostatic repulsive force is produced to stabilize the suspension of nanomaterials, and it is not known whether surfactants have an effect on the bioavailability of nanomaterials. Therefore, it is very important to study the transfer and enrichment of nano-TiO _ 2 along the multi-stage aquatic food chain and the effect of surfactant on its bioavailability, which is very important to accurately evaluate the environmental risk and ecological effect of nano-TiO _ 2. In order to evaluate the biological effect of nano-TiO _ 2 more comprehensively, this paper established the aquatic food chain with different chain length. The transfer and enrichment of nanometer titanium dioxide and surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBs) along the aquatic food chain of secondary (bumper wormfish zebrafish) and tertiary (bumper insect-zebrafish carp) were studied. The content and tissue distribution of nano-TiO _ 2 in various nutritive organisms were determined, and histopathological observation of the most nutritious organisms was carried out. It is found that the SDBs of 8mg / L have the best dispersity to the suspension of 100mg / L TiO-2, and nano-TiO-2 can be transferred and enriched along the secondary (bumper worms-zebrafish) and third-order (bumper worms-zebrafish-carp) aquatic food chain. During the exposure period, the volume of nano-tio _ 2 in fish gradually increased with the extension of time, and decreased in the purification period, indicating that the fish itself has a certain self-purification and detoxification mechanism. After transmission through the food chain, nano-tio _ 2 showed a certain tissue distribution in the fish, with the highest volume of heart, followed by liver, intestine, gills and brain. Some tissues of fish also showed obvious pathological changes, and the damage of the highest nutritious organisms in the tertiary food chain was more than that in the secondary food chain, and the damage was more serious. With the addition of SDBs, the amount of TIO _ 2 in the tested organisms and tissues increased obviously, and the degree of tissue damage was also increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X171

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