發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-15 10:07

  本文選題：圖們江流域 + 人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《延邊大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：圖們江流域?qū)儆谥袦貛ЫＱ笮源箨懠撅L(fēng)區(qū),光能資源、熱量資源、水資源豐富。在其流域內(nèi)水稻播種面積和總產(chǎn)量占全國(guó)的比重都比較大。水庫(kù)濕地是人為對(duì)自然的河流濕地區(qū)域性改變或重塑的產(chǎn)物,是重要的人工濕地,是人為影響局部生態(tài)環(huán)境的基本方式之一。目前,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)是生態(tài)學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究的新熱點(diǎn)。隨著近年來,經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展、人口增長(zhǎng)加快,交通設(shè)施的建設(shè),使周圍的水稻田生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受破壞,水庫(kù)面積也幅度增加。因此準(zhǔn)確的進(jìn)行圖們江流域人工生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值評(píng)價(jià)研究,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)該區(qū)域人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本研究結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者的研究成果,選取和建立合理的圖們江流域人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)評(píng)估指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)生物量、物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)功能、氣體調(diào)節(jié)功能、蓄水防洪功能、環(huán)境凈化功能、景觀文化功能、溫室氣體功能七個(gè)功能運(yùn)用替代市場(chǎng)法、市場(chǎng)價(jià)值法、瑞典碳稅法、造林成本法、工業(yè)制氧法、影子工程法、量因子價(jià)值評(píng)估方法,對(duì)圖們江流域1990年、2000年、2010年的人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)開展綜合評(píng)價(jià),并對(duì)估算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較。分析表明,1990年、2000年、2010年服務(wù)凈價(jià)值量分別為303973.80萬元、465971.65萬元、761416.73萬元；1990年、2000年、2010年服務(wù)正價(jià)值量分別為307225.38萬元、468898.45萬元、763855.49萬元；1990年、2000年、2010年服務(wù)負(fù)價(jià)值量分別為3251.58萬元、2926.80萬元、2438.76萬元。反映出圖們江流域人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值巨大,并呈現(xiàn)遞增趨勢(shì)大幅增長(zhǎng)。同時(shí),在正價(jià)值的估算中,調(diào)節(jié)溫度及調(diào)節(jié)濕度在進(jìn)20年中占服務(wù)主體地位,貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)80%,這表明人工水庫(kù)的建造已經(jīng)對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)產(chǎn)生巨大影響。由于水稻田種植的減少,負(fù)價(jià)值溫室氣體的價(jià)值量呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢(shì)。對(duì)圖們江流域人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)凈價(jià)值敏感性分析得出,敏感系數(shù)最大的為氣體調(diào)節(jié)。通過本文研究得出的結(jié)論表明圖們江流域人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)總體趨勢(shì)呈現(xiàn)遞增的良好發(fā)展,并持續(xù)為人類生產(chǎn)生活做出貢獻(xiàn)。但是由于水稻荒棄而引起的價(jià)值變化,也應(yīng)引起延邊州政府和人民的重視,本文對(duì)圖們江流域人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值的評(píng)估研究為延邊州建設(shè)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)、漁業(yè)做好基礎(chǔ),為進(jìn)一步更為完善的研究人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)做好理論基礎(chǔ),為更好合理的規(guī)劃和管理人工濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Tumen River Basin belongs to the mid-temperate near oceanic continental monsoon region, which is rich in light energy, heat and water resources. In its basin, rice planting area and total yield account for a large proportion of the country. Reservoir wetland is the product of man-made regional change or remodeling of natural river wetland, is an important artificial wetland, is one of the basic ways of man-made impact on the local ecological environment. At present, ecosystem service is a new research hotspot in the field of ecology. In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, population growth and the construction of transportation facilities, the ecological environment of paddy fields around has been destroyed, and the area of reservoirs has also increased. Therefore, the evaluation of service value of artificial ecosystem in Tumen River Basin is carried out accurately, so as to realize the sustainable development of constructed wetland ecosystem in this region. Based on the research results of experts and scholars at home and abroad, this study selects and establishes a reasonable evaluation index system for ecosystem service of constructed wetland in Tumen River Basin, which can regulate biomass, material production function, gas regulation function, water storage and flood control function. Seven functions including environmental purification function, landscape culture function, greenhouse gas function, using alternative market method, market value method, Swedish carbon tax law, afforestation cost method, industrial oxygen production method, shadow engineering method, quantitative factor value evaluation method, The ecosystem services of constructed wetlands in Tumen River Basin in 1990, 2000 and 2010 were evaluated, and the estimated results were compared. The analysis shows that the net value of service in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is 3.039738 billion yuan, 4.6597165 billion yuan, 7.6141673 billion yuan respectively, and the positive value of service in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is 3.0722538 billion yuan, 4.6889845 billion yuan, 7.6385549 billion yuan respectively. The negative value of service in 1990, 2000 and 2010 was 32.5158 million yuan, 29.268 million yuan, 24.3876 million yuan respectively. The results show that the service value of constructed wetland ecosystem in Tumen River basin is huge and the increasing trend is increasing. At the same time, in the estimation of positive value, the adjustment of temperature and humidity occupies the main position of service in the past 20 years, and the contribution rate is 80%, which indicates that the construction of artificial reservoir has a great impact on ecosystem services. Due to the decrease of rice field planting, the value of negative greenhouse gases is decreasing. The sensitivity analysis of the net value of the constructed wetland ecosystem services in the Tumen River Basin shows that the most sensitive coefficient is gas regulation. The conclusion of this paper shows that the overall trend of ecosystem service of constructed wetland in Tumen River basin is increasing and good development, and continue to contribute to human production and life. However, due to the value change caused by rice wasteland, the government and people of Yanbian should pay more attention to it. The evaluation and research on the service value of constructed wetland ecosystem in Tumen River basin are the foundation for the construction of ecological agriculture and fishery in Yanbian prefecture. It provides a scientific basis for better planning and management of artificial wetland ecosystem.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X826

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本文編號(hào)：2021647