本文選題：空氣品質(zhì) + 車內(nèi)污染　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,汽車產(chǎn)銷量越來越高且增速不減,這意味著更多的人將在車內(nèi)度過更長的時間�？諝馄焚|(zhì)關(guān)注的重點范圍也逐漸由室內(nèi)環(huán)境轉(zhuǎn)移至車內(nèi)微環(huán)境。車內(nèi)污染危害人體健康的報道屢見不鮮,所謂“駕車綜合癥”也為人熟知。本文從車內(nèi)微環(huán)境問題著手,分析了車內(nèi)污染物的污染特征,研究空氣品質(zhì)的評價方法以對汽車內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境的真實狀況進行客觀分析,最后針對分析結(jié)果提出相應(yīng)的控制凈化策略,以達到保證一個健康的車內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境的最終目的。論文首先就國內(nèi)外在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究成果進行分析,總結(jié)了車內(nèi)污染的嚴(yán)重程度、污染的來源特征與影響因素,污染物的種類及其危害程度。以大致了解何種污染物為車內(nèi)最為常見有何種危害,及其隨著濃度不同的危害程度,從而找出解決問題的最直接手段。接著針對車內(nèi)主要污染物研究了其限值濃度,由于我國沒有相關(guān)強制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn),筆者參考了國外有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及國內(nèi)相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給出了建議動態(tài)限值。在有相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的指導(dǎo)的前提下,筆者分析總結(jié)了車內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)的評價方法如綜合指數(shù)法、健康風(fēng)險評價法、灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法、模糊評價法等,對車內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)給出最為客觀準(zhǔn)確的評價,以評估車內(nèi)狀態(tài)對人體健康的直接間接影響程度。如將車內(nèi)空氣狀況由好到壞劃分為清潔、未污染、輕污染、中污染、重污染五個級別,通過對車內(nèi)某狀態(tài)下污染物的相關(guān)計算將其歸為以上其中一個清潔等級,從而對車內(nèi)污染情況進行指導(dǎo)。最后針對汽車行駛狀態(tài)下的懸浮顆粒物PM2.5,CO2,CO,TVOC四種污染物進行了實測。樣本收集于不同道路、與不同通風(fēng)模式之下。然后分析了4種評價因子濃度的測試結(jié)果及其隨時間的變化規(guī)律,與污染物濃度受不同環(huán)境狀態(tài)的影響程度。進而根據(jù)分析得到的規(guī)律對車內(nèi)控制及凈化策略進行了探討。
[Abstract]:With China's economy growing, car production and sales are growing faster and faster, which means more people will spend more time in the car. The focus of air quality has gradually shifted from the indoor environment to the interior microenvironment. Car pollution has been reported as a threat to human health, and so-called "driving syndrome" is also well known. In this paper, the pollution characteristics of pollutants in vehicle are analyzed, and the evaluation method of air quality is studied in order to analyze objectively the real situation of air environment in vehicle. Finally, the corresponding control and purification strategies are put forward to ensure a healthy air environment in the vehicle. Firstly, the paper analyzes the domestic and foreign research results in related fields, summarizes the degree of pollution in vehicles, the characteristics of pollution sources and influencing factors, the types of pollutants and their harm degree. In order to find out the most direct way to solve the problem, it is necessary to know which pollutants are the most common hazards in the vehicle and the degree of harm with different concentrations. Then the limit concentration of the main pollutants in the vehicle is studied. Since there is no relevant mandatory standard in our country, the author gives the suggested dynamic limit value with reference to the foreign standards and the domestic standards. Under the guidance of relevant standards, the author analyzed and summarized the evaluation methods of air quality in vehicle, such as comprehensive index method, health risk assessment method, grey relational analysis method, fuzzy evaluation method, etc. The most objective and accurate evaluation of the air quality in the vehicle is given in order to evaluate the degree of direct and indirect influence of the state of the vehicle on human health. If the air condition in the car is divided from good to bad into five grades: clean, unpolluted, light, medium, heavy, and classified as one of the above cleaning grades through the calculation of the pollutants in a certain state of the vehicle, In order to guide the pollution situation in the car. Finally, four kinds of pollutants, PM2.5 and CO2CO2COTOC, were measured. Samples are collected on different roads and under different ventilation modes. Then, the test results of four kinds of evaluation factor concentrations and their changes with time were analyzed, and the influence degree of pollutant concentration on different environmental conditions was analyzed. Furthermore, the internal control and purification strategy are discussed according to the law obtained from the analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U463.8;X51

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本文編號：2020809