本文選題：水滑石 + 功能化改性�。� 參考：《濟南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,水滑石類化合物(Layered Double Hydroxide,LDH)作為一種新型的吸附劑,由于具有獨特的層狀結(jié)構(gòu)和物化特性,成為國內(nèi)外研究的熱點。然而,對水滑石進行功能化改性后用來吸附陰離子污染物的研究比較少。本文選擇磷酸根和鉻酸根作為目標污染物,制備了不同類型的功能化改性水滑石,采用靜態(tài)吸附的方法去除水中磷酸根和鉻酸根。具體研究結(jié)果如下:(1)利用共沉淀法合成了Mg-Al-LDH和Zn-Al-LDH,并對其進行了XRD、BET、FTIR和Zeta電位的表征,結(jié)果表明水滑石樣品的晶型比較完整,Zn-Al-LDH的比表面積大于Mg-Al-LDH。考察了吸附劑用量、吸附時間、初始溶液pH值對吸附磷酸根的影響,得到水滑石的最佳用量為4 g/L Mg-Al-LDH和1.6 g/L Zn-Al-LDH,振蕩40 min后達到平衡,在強堿性條件下,吸附能力下降。采用擬一級和擬二級動力學對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行擬合,Mg-Al-LDH和Zn-Al-LDH吸附磷酸根的過程更符合擬二級動力學。對吸附過程進行等溫線擬合,都符合Freundlich和Langmuir模型,Zn-Al-LDH的最大吸附量大于Mg-Al-LDH。對吸附前和吸附后水滑石的FTIR、Zeta電位進行了表征,可以解釋吸附機理為靜電作用、離子交換作用和配合作用。(2)采用水熱法合成了Fe3O4,以其為基質(zhì),用共沉淀法合成了具有磁性核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的Fe3O4@Zn-Al-,Fe3O4@Mg-Al-和Fe3O4@Ni-Al-LDH,并對樣品進行了XRD、BET、FTIR、VSM和Zeta電位表征。考察了吸附劑用量、吸附時間、初始溶液pH值對吸附磷酸根性能的影響,得到吸附最佳條件為:Fe3O4@LDHs的最佳用量為2 g/L,振蕩60min,調(diào)節(jié)pH=3,討論了不同pH條件下可能發(fā)生的吸附機理。采用擬一級、擬二級動力學和KASRA模型對動力學數(shù)據(jù)進行了分析,Fe3O4@LDHs吸附磷酸根的過程更符合擬二級動力學。采用ARIAN模型對吸附等溫線進行了討論,利用Freundlich、Langmuir和Temkin模型對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行了擬合,發(fā)現(xiàn)更符合Langmuir模型,Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH的最大吸附量大于Fe3O4@Mg-Al-LDH和Fe3O4@Ni-Al-LDH。對吸附熱力學進行了研究,結(jié)果表明吸附反應是自發(fā)的、吸熱的和熵增加的反應。Fe3O4@LDHs吸附磷酸根后能夠用磁鐵在10 s之內(nèi)進行快速分離。(3)采用共沉淀法合成了Zn-Al-LDH和Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH,然后進行500°C焙燒(Zn-Al-500-LDO和Fe3O4/Zn-Al-500-LDO)。對樣品進行了XRD和FTIR的表征,經(jīng)過焙燒后,層間的CO32-消失,通過水滑石的“記憶效應”,能夠恢復層狀結(jié)構(gòu)�？疾炝宋絼┯昧�、吸附時間、初始溶液pH值對吸附鉻酸根性能的影響,得到了吸附最佳條件:焙燒水滑石最佳用量為2 g/L,振蕩60 min,調(diào)節(jié)溶液pH=3。采用擬一級、擬二級動力學模型對吸附動力學數(shù)據(jù)進行了擬合,Zn-Al-500-LDO和Fe3O4/Zn-Al-500-LDO吸附鉻酸根的過程更符合擬二級動力學。采用Freundlich和Langmuir模型對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行擬合,發(fā)現(xiàn)吸附過程更符合Langmuir模型。吸附反應是自發(fā)的、吸熱的和熵增加的反應。經(jīng)過焙燒之后,Zn-Al-500-LDO和Fe3O4/Zn-Al-500-LDO吸附鉻酸根的吸附能力大于Zn-Al-LDH和Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH,是一種有潛在應用前景的吸附劑。本論文以功能化改性的水滑石為吸附劑,以吸附去除造成水體富營養(yǎng)化的磷酸根和顯著毒性的鉻酸根,獲得了良好的效果,為陰離子污染物的去除提供了有益的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH), as a new type of adsorbent, has become a hot spot of research at home and abroad because of its unique layered structure and physicochemical properties. However, there are few studies on the functionalized modification of hydrotalcite to adsorb anionic contaminants. This paper chooses phosphate and chromate roots. As the target pollutant, different types of functional Modified Hydrotalcite was prepared and the static adsorption method was used to remove phosphoric acid and chromate in water. The results were as follows: (1) Mg-Al-LDH and Zn-Al-LDH were synthesized by coprecipitation method, and the XRD, BET, FTIR and Zeta potential were characterized. The results showed the crystal form of the hydrotalcite sample. More complete, the specific surface area of Zn-Al-LDH is greater than Mg-Al-LDH.. The effect of adsorbant dosage, adsorption time and initial solution pH value on the adsorption of phosphoric acid root is investigated. The optimum amount of water talc is 4 g/L Mg-Al-LDH and 1.6 g/L Zn-Al-LDH, after oscillation 40 min, the equilibrium is reached, and the adsorption capacity decreases under the strong alkali condition. The pseudo first order and quasi two are used. The adsorption process of Mg-Al-LDH and Zn-Al-LDH is more consistent with the quasi two order kinetics. The adsorption process is fitted to the Freundlich and Langmuir models. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zn-Al-LDH is greater than Mg-Al-LDH., and the FTIR and Zeta potential before and after absorption of hydrotalcite are characterized. It can be explained that the adsorption mechanism is electrostatic, ion exchange and coordination. (2) Fe3O4 was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Fe3O4@Zn-Al-, Fe3O4@Mg-Al- and Fe3O4@Ni-Al-LDH with magnetic core and shell structure were synthesized by co precipitation method, and the samples were characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, VSM and Zeta potential. The amount of adsorbents was investigated. The best adsorption conditions of adsorption time and initial solution pH value on Adsorption Properties of phosphate root are that the best dosage of Fe3O4@LDHs is 2 g/L, oscillating 60min, adjusting pH=3, and discussing the possible adsorption mechanism under different pH conditions. The pseudo first order, pseudo two kinetics and KASRA model are used to analyze the kinetic data and Fe3O4@LDHs absorption. The process of phosphate attached is more consistent with the quasi two order kinetics. The adsorption isotherm is discussed by ARIAN model. The experimental data are fitted with Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models. It is found that the Langmuir model is more consistent with the maximum adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH than Fe3O4@ Mg-Al-LDH and Fe3O4@Ni-Al-LDH. for adsorption thermodynamics. The results show that the adsorption reaction is spontaneous, the absorption of the endothermic and entropy increasing reaction.Fe3O4@LDHs can be quickly separated with magnets within 10 s. (3) the co precipitation method is used to synthesize Zn-Al-LDH and Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH, and then 500 degree C roasting (Zn-Al-500-LDO and Fe3O4/Zn-Al-500-LDO). XRD and FT are carried out on the sample. The characterization of IR, after roasting, the interlayer CO32- disappeared, through the "memory effect" of the hydrotalcite, can restore the layered structure. The effect of adsorbent dosage, adsorption time and initial solution pH value on the adsorption of chromic acid root was investigated. The best adsorption conditions were obtained: the optimum dosage of the calcite was 2 g/L, the oscillation 60 min, and the adjustment of the solution pH=3. extraction. The adsorption kinetics data were fitted by quasi two stage dynamic model. The adsorption process of Zn-Al-500-LDO and Fe3O4/Zn-Al-500-LDO was more consistent with the pseudo two kinetics. The experimental data were fitted with Freundlich and Langmuir models, and the adsorption process was more consistent with the Langmuir model. The adsorption reaction was spontaneous and endothermic. After roasting, the adsorption capacity of Zn-Al-500-LDO and Fe3O4/Zn-Al-500-LDO adsorbed chromate is greater than that of Zn-Al-LDH and Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH. It is a potential application of adsorbents. This paper uses functional modified hydrotalcite as an adsorbent to adsorb phosphoric acid root of eutrophication in water body and its significance. The toxic chromium acid has achieved good results, which provides a useful theoretical basis for the removal of anionic pollutants.
【學位授予單位】：濟南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703;O647.33

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