本文選題：重金屬 + 有效態(tài)重金屬　； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在重金屬復(fù)合污染土壤中,水分與磷肥的調(diào)控研究多有報(bào)道。本論文結(jié)合前期對(duì)紅蛋(Echinodorus Osiris)植物的研究,通過土壤室內(nèi)培養(yǎng)和紅蛋大棚盆栽試驗(yàn),進(jìn)行了不同水分(淹水和非淹水)與磷肥(磷酸二氫鈣——CDP和磷酸氫二銨——DHP)處理對(duì)土壤Cd、Pb、Zn和As有效態(tài)和紅蛋對(duì)其吸收累積的影響研究。主要結(jié)果如下：(1)淹水和磷肥均降低土壤有效態(tài)Cd、Pb和Zn的含量,而顯著增加土壤有效態(tài)As的含量。低施用量時(shí),CDP和DHP對(duì)土壤有效態(tài)Cd、Pb和Zn含量的影響差異不顯著,但是在高施用量時(shí),CDP顯著降低土壤有效態(tài)Cd、Pb和Zn含量,而DHP在土培試驗(yàn)中對(duì)土壤有效態(tài)Cd、Pb和Zn含量影響不顯著,而盆栽試驗(yàn)中有效態(tài)Cd含量變化不顯著,有效態(tài)Pb和Zn含量顯著降低。(2)淹水和磷肥顯著增加了紅蛋的生長,降低紅蛋Cd、Pb和Zn的含量和富集系數(shù),但是,顯著增加紅蛋As含量及其富集系數(shù),也顯著增加紅蛋對(duì)Cd、Pb、Zn和As的總遷移量。淹水處理紅蛋地上部分和地下部分干重均為非淹水處理的1倍以上；紅蛋Cd、Pb、Zn和As的總遷移量分別為非淹水條件下的1.8倍、1.6倍.1.4倍和5倍。磷肥低施用量時(shí),CDP和DHP對(duì)紅蛋生長、重金屬含量、富集系數(shù)的影響結(jié)果相當(dāng),但是,淹水條件下DHP處理紅蛋總遷移量較高；高施用量時(shí),CDP對(duì)紅蛋干重繼續(xù)增加,但是Cd、Pb和Zn含量也顯著降低；DHP施用,紅蛋干重增量較小,Cd、Pb和Zn含量則較CDP處理高；就總遷移量而言,高施用量的DHP效果也較好。(3)相關(guān)性分析表明,土壤中有效態(tài)Cd、Pb、Zn的含量與土壤pH值密切相關(guān),土壤有效態(tài)As的含量與土壤速效P含量呈顯著正相關(guān)性。而紅蛋(Echinodorus Osiris)地上部分Cd、Pb、Zn和As含量均與其土壤中對(duì)應(yīng)有效態(tài)含量呈顯著正相關(guān),說明水分與磷肥主要通過改變土壤pH值等改變土壤有效態(tài)重金屬含量來影響紅蛋對(duì)重金屬的吸收累積。綜上可見,淹水和磷肥主要通過改變土壤pH和速效P含量等降低土壤中有效Cd、Pb、Zn含量,增加土壤中有效態(tài)As的含量；同時(shí),淹水與施磷顯著增進(jìn)紅蛋生長,引起紅蛋富集系數(shù)和總遷移量的變化,從而顯著增加其重金屬的累積量�；诹追视昧俊⑼寥烙行B(tài)重金屬含量變化情況和紅蛋對(duì)重金屬的累積結(jié)果,較低施用量的DHP在淹水條件下對(duì)紅蛋重金屬累積效果較優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:In the soil polluted by heavy metals, the regulation of water and phosphorus fertilizer has been reported. In this paper, the plant of Echinodorus Osirisus was studied in the early stage, and the experiment was carried out in soil indoor culture and pot culture of Echinodorus Osirisus. The effects of different water (flooded and non-flooded) and phosphate fertilizer (CDP and DHP- DHP3) on the available Zn and as of CD PbN and the absorption and accumulation of red egg were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) both flooding and phosphorus fertilizer decreased the contents of available CD ~ (2 +) Pb and Zn in soil, but significantly increased the content of available as in soil. The effect of CDP and DHP on the contents of available CD ~ (2 +) Pb and Zn was not significant at low application rate, but CDP significantly decreased the content of available CD _ (2 +) Pb and Zn at high application rate, but DHP had no significant effect on the content of available CD _ (2 +) Pb and Zn in soil culture test. However, the available CD content in pot experiment was not significantly changed, but the available Pb and Zn contents were significantly decreased. (2) flooding and phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the growth of red egg, decreased the content and enrichment coefficient of CD Pb and Zn in red egg, but decreased the content of CD and Zn in red egg. The content and enrichment coefficient of as in red egg were significantly increased, and the total migration amount of Zn and as in CD ~ (2 +) was also significantly increased. The dry weight of the aboveground part and underground part of the red egg treated by flooding was more than 1 times of that of the non-flooded treatment, and the total migration of Zn and as in the red egg was 1.6 times, 1.4 times and 5 times as high as that in the non-flooded condition, respectively. The effects of CDP and DHP on the growth, heavy metal content and enrichment coefficient of red egg were similar at low application rate of phosphate fertilizer, but the total migration of red egg treated with DHP was higher under flooding, and the dry weight of red egg was increased with high application rate of CDP. However, the contents of Pb and Zn also decreased significantly, and the dry weight increment of red egg was higher than that of CDP treatment, and the effect of DHP with high application rate was better than that of CDP treatment, and the correlation analysis showed that the effect of DHP with high application rate was better than that of CDP treatment, and the correlation analysis showed that the effect of DHP with high application rate was better than that of CDP treatment. The content of available CD ~ (2 +) Pb ~ (2 +) Zn in soil was closely related to soil pH value, and the content of soil available as was positively correlated with soil available P content. However, the contents of Zn and as in the aboveground part of Echinodorus Osirisi were significantly positively correlated with the corresponding available state contents in the soil of Echinodorus Osirisi. The results showed that water and phosphorus fertilizer mainly affected the accumulation of heavy metals in red eggs by changing the soil pH value and the content of available heavy metals in the soil. It can be seen that flooding and phosphorus fertilizer can increase the content of available as by changing soil pH and available P content, and increase the content of available as in soil, at the same time, flooding and phosphorus application can significantly increase the growth of red egg. The accumulation coefficient and total migration of red egg were changed, and the accumulation of heavy metals was increased significantly. Based on the change of available heavy metals in soil and the accumulation of heavy metals in red egg, DHP with lower application rate had better effect on heavy metal accumulation in red egg under flooding condition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X53;X173

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本文編號(hào)：2000507