發(fā)布時間：2018-06-09 14:10

  本文選題：微藻 + 脫硝　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)脫硝系統(tǒng)能耗大、基建投資高及一般會產(chǎn)生二次污染等問題,難以達(dá)到經(jīng)濟(jì)、低耗的要求。微藻在生長代謝過程中吸收和轉(zhuǎn)化NOx,相對于傳統(tǒng)物化方法沒有催化劑昂貴以及腐蝕的問題,還可同時固碳脫硝,同時藻細(xì)胞含有大量高經(jīng)濟(jì)價值產(chǎn)品。微藻脫硝技術(shù)可以實現(xiàn)廢物資源化,也具有經(jīng)濟(jì)性,是一種極有潛力的NOx去除方案。該技術(shù)中高效的脫硝藻種和反應(yīng)器是關(guān)鍵,因此本論文主要針對脫硝藻種的篩選、藻種脫硝性質(zhì)和脫硝反應(yīng)器的構(gòu)型和脫氮效率開展研究。篩選出一株煙道氣高耐性藻種,鑒定該藻為一株微芒藻(Micractinium sp.),該藻對100ppm NO的去除率達(dá)90%,生長速率0.14111g L d????。加入100ppm SO2后,微藻生長明顯受到抑制,證實SO2的加入致使p H等環(huán)境發(fā)生改變,不利于微藻的生長。以10%CO2作為碳源,微藻生長慢于葡萄糖組,并導(dǎo)致總脫硝效率的下降。以NO作為氮源培養(yǎng)微藻,微藻生長快于以NO3-N組,但并不能增加藻干重,說明NO相比較于NO3-N,能促使微藻提前成熟�？疾炝瞬煌M(jìn)氣條件下氣升平板、膜式平板、氣升圓柱、膜式圓柱四種反應(yīng)器中微藻生長狀況以及對污染物去除效果。通空氣情況下,氣升和膜式圓柱PBR中藻干重分別達(dá)到1.0g/L和0.95g/L,是氣升和膜式平板PBR中藻干重的1.82倍和1.77倍。通入10%CO2明顯改善了微藻的生長條件,氣升和膜式圓柱PBR中藻干重分別達(dá)到了1.50g/L和1.45g/L,是氣升和膜式平板PBR的1.50倍和1.45倍。本實驗條件下,氣升圓柱PBR能達(dá)到最好的傳質(zhì)和培養(yǎng)微藻效能。系統(tǒng)研究了氣升圓柱PBR對微藻脫硝效能的影響,建立了微藻脫硝模型,重點對微藻的培養(yǎng)方式、進(jìn)氣NO濃度、初始液相氮濃度、反應(yīng)器不同高徑比等進(jìn)行了研究。光異養(yǎng)方式下微藻的生長速率是混養(yǎng)的1.5倍,累計NO去除率為96.51%。同樣在光異養(yǎng)方式下微芒藻對NO3-N有較高的去除率。在100,300,500ppm濃度下微藻對NO的去除率分別為96.51%、91.99%和88.57%,藻干重分別為1.448、1.428和0.924 g/L,對照組為1.42 g/L,證實NO對微藻存在“低濃度促進(jìn)、高濃度抑制”的作用。當(dāng)培養(yǎng)基中初始NO3-N的濃度分別為17.65mmol/L、35.3mmol/L、88.25mmol/L和176.5mmol/L時,微藻對NO3-N的去除率分別為39.12%、17.85%、27%和11%,即高濃度NO3-N會抑制微藻的生長。高徑比15的反應(yīng)器中微藻生長速率是高徑比1.1的1.37倍,累計去除率分別為96.51%和97.02%。高徑比15的反應(yīng)器中微藻對NO3-N的利用率為39.97%,稍大于高徑比1.1組的36.84%。
[Abstract]:The traditional denitrification system has many problems, such as high energy consumption, high investment in capital construction and secondary pollution, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of economy and low consumption. Compared with the traditional physicochemical methods, microalgae absorb and transform no _ x in the growth and metabolism process. Compared with the traditional physical and chemical methods, it has no problems of expensive catalyst and corrosion. It can also sequester and denitrification at the same time, and the algal cells contain a large number of high-value products. Microalgae denitrification is a potential NOx removal scheme because it can realize waste recycling and is economical. The key of this technology is the efficient denitrification algae seed and reactor, so this paper mainly focuses on the screening of denitrification algae species, the properties of denitrification, the configuration and denitrification efficiency of denitrification reactor. A high tolerance algal strain was selected and identified as Micractinium sp. the algae was identified as Micractinium sp. the removal rate of 100ppm no was 90% and the growth rate was 0. 14111 g / d ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). After the addition of 100ppm SO2, the growth of microalgae was obviously inhibited. It was proved that the addition of SO2 caused changes in pH and other environments, which was not conducive to the growth of microalgae. Using 10 carbon dioxide as carbon source, the growth of microalgae was slower than that of glucose group, and the total denitrification efficiency decreased. Microalgae cultured with no as nitrogen source grew faster than those treated with no _ 3-N, but could not increase the dry weight of algae, indicating that no could accelerate the maturation of microalgae compared with no _ 3-N. The growth of microalgae and the removal efficiency of pollutants were investigated in four kinds of reactors, I. e., air lift plate, membrane plate, air lift cylinder and membrane cylinder under different air intake conditions. The dry weight of algae in air-lift and membrane cylindrical PBR was 1.0g / L and 0.95g / L respectively, which was 1.82 and 1.77 times of that in air-lift and membrane PBR respectively. The dry weight of algae in air-lift and membrane-type cylindrical PBR was 1.50 g / L and 1.45 g / L respectively, which was 1.50 and 1.45 times as much as that of air-lift and membrane PBR, respectively. In this experiment, PBR can achieve the best mass transfer and microalgae culture efficiency. The effects of air-lift cylinder PBR on denitrification efficiency of microalgae were systematically studied, and the model of denitrification of microalgae was established. The culture mode of microalgae, the concentration of no in inlet air, the initial concentration of liquid nitrogen and the ratio of height to diameter of reactor were studied. The growth rate of microalgae in photoheterotrophic mode was 1.5 times of that of mixed culture, and the cumulative no removal rate was 96.51 kum. The removal rate of no _ 3-N was also higher under the light heterotrophic mode. The removal rates of no by microalgae at 100300500ppm concentration were 91.99% and 88.57, respectively. The dry weight of algae was 1.448% and 0.924 g / L, respectively, and that of control group was 1.42 g / L. it was proved that no had the effect of "promoting low concentration and high concentration inhibition" on microalgae. When the initial concentration of NO3-N was 17.65 mmol / L 35.3 mmol / L and 176.5 mmol / L, respectively, the removal rates of NO3-N in microalgae were 39.12% and 17.85%, respectively. The high concentration of NO3-N inhibited the growth of microalgae. The growth rate of microalgae in the reactor with the ratio of height to diameter 15 was 1.37 times of that of the ratio of height to diameter 1.1, and the cumulative removal rates were 96.51% and 97.02%, respectively. The utilization rate of NO3-N in the reactor with height to diameter ratio 15 was 39.97, which was slightly higher than that in the height to diameter ratio 1.1 group (36.84).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X701;X173

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本文編號：1999996