發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-28 05:04

  本文選題：超聲波水霧 + 微細(xì)顆粒物��； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),微細(xì)顆粒物成為我國(guó)城市環(huán)境空氣首要污染物,對(duì)自然環(huán)境和身體健康造成極大的威脅,國(guó)內(nèi)外更加嚴(yán)格的控制微細(xì)顆粒物的排放。常用的除塵技術(shù)雖然總除塵效率較高,但對(duì)粒徑較小的微細(xì)顆粒物的捕集效率較低。通常利用預(yù)團(tuán)聚技術(shù)增大微細(xì)顆粒物的粒徑,再使用常用除塵設(shè)備對(duì)其進(jìn)行捕集,降低微細(xì)顆粒物的排放濃度。超聲波霧化除塵技術(shù)是基于蒸汽相變團(tuán)聚原理改進(jìn)的新除塵技術(shù)之一,其特點(diǎn)就是高捕集效率,能夠有效地去微細(xì)顆粒物,有效促進(jìn)與微細(xì)顆粒物的團(tuán)聚。在捕塵過(guò)程中用水量極少,避免了普通霧化捕塵過(guò)程耗水量過(guò)大的弊病。本研究嘗試將超聲波霧化技術(shù)與過(guò)濾除塵技術(shù)相結(jié)合,在常用除塵裝置前添加超聲波水霧對(duì)微細(xì)顆粒物進(jìn)行預(yù)團(tuán)聚,使微細(xì)顆粒物的粒徑增大到常用除塵裝置所能脫除的范圍,再使用纖維過(guò)濾除塵設(shè)備對(duì)微細(xì)顆粒物進(jìn)行捕集。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究方面,設(shè)計(jì)和搭建超聲波霧化除塵裝置,采用5000目碳酸鈣顆粒模擬粉塵,以PP纖維作為纖維濾料,由空氣壓縮機(jī)和超聲波霧化噴嘴提供超聲波水霧。研究不同操作條件(加霧方式、過(guò)濾速度、濾料厚度、濾料填充率、粉塵濃度、霧粉比等)對(duì)除塵效率及過(guò)程壓降的影響及變化規(guī)律。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：采用網(wǎng)前對(duì)噴的加霧方式除塵效率較高,且過(guò)程壓降變化較�。怀龎m效率隨風(fēng)速增加而降低,過(guò)程壓降隨著風(fēng)速的增加而增大；除塵效率和過(guò)程壓降都隨著濾料厚度增加而增大,但當(dāng)除塵效率較高時(shí),增加濾料厚度對(duì)除塵效率影響不大,而過(guò)程壓降會(huì)隨之增大；除塵效率隨濾料填充率增大而提高,濾料填充率達(dá)到一定程度后,除塵效率增加緩慢,過(guò)程壓降會(huì)隨著濾料填充率增大而增大；除塵效率和過(guò)程壓降隨著粉塵濃度增加而增加；除塵效率隨著霧粉比的增加而增加,且增加速率逐漸降低,過(guò)程壓降隨著霧粉比的增加呈現(xiàn)先增加后降低再增加的趨勢(shì)；在霧化溶液中添加適量表面活性劑有利于提高除塵效率,降低過(guò)程壓降；基于量綱分析,建立除塵效率的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并用擬合工具得到最終除塵效率與其影響因素的函數(shù)關(guān)系式。本文在過(guò)濾除塵裝置前添加超聲波水霧以提高裝置的除塵效率,降低過(guò)程壓降,并在霧化溶液中添加適量的表面活性劑,使除塵效率得到提高�；诹烤V分析法建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,利于對(duì)除塵系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, fine particulate matter has become the primary pollutant of urban air in China, which poses a great threat to the natural environment and health, and the emission of fine particulate matter is more strictly controlled at home and abroad. Although the total dust removal efficiency of the common dust removal technology is high, the capture efficiency of fine particles with smaller particle size is lower. Preagglomeration technology is usually used to increase the particle size of fine particles, and then collect them with common dust removal equipment to reduce the emission concentration of fine particles. Ultrasonic atomization is one of the new dedusting techniques based on the principle of steam phase change agglomeration, which is characterized by high capture efficiency, effective removal of fine particles and effective agglomeration with fine particles. In the process of dust capture, the water consumption is very small, which avoids the problem of excessive water consumption in the ordinary atomization process. This study attempts to combine ultrasonic atomization technology with filtration and dust removal technology, adding ultrasonic water mist to pre-agglomeration of fine particles in front of common dust removal devices, so that the particle size of fine particles can be increased to the range that can be removed by common dust removal devices. The fine particles were collected with fiber filter and dust removal equipment. In the experimental research, the ultrasonic atomization dust removal device was designed and built. 5000 mesh calcium carbonate particles were used to simulate the dust, and PP fiber was used as the fiber filter material. The ultrasonic water mist was provided by air compressor and ultrasonic atomization nozzle. The effects of different operating conditions (fogging mode, filtration speed, filter media thickness, filter media filling ratio, dust concentration, fog-powder ratio, etc.) on the dust removal efficiency and pressure drop in the process were studied. The experimental results show that the dust removal efficiency of spray is higher and the change of process pressure drop is small, the dust removal efficiency decreases with the increase of wind speed, and the process pressure drop increases with the increase of wind speed. Both the dust removal efficiency and the process pressure drop increase with the increase of the filter material thickness. However, when the dust removal efficiency is high, the increase of the filter material thickness has little effect on the dust removal efficiency, but the process pressure drop will increase, and the dust removal efficiency increases with the increase of the filter material filling rate. When the filter media filling ratio reaches a certain degree, the dust removal efficiency increases slowly, and the process pressure drop increases with the filter media filling rate, the dust removal efficiency and the process pressure drop increase with the increase of dust concentration, and the dust removal efficiency increases with the increase of the fog-powder ratio. And the increase rate gradually decreased, the process pressure drop increased first and then decreased with the increase of fog-powder ratio. Adding appropriate surfactant in atomization solution was beneficial to increase the dust removal efficiency and reduce the process pressure drop. The mathematical model of dust removal efficiency is established, and the functional relationship between the final dust removal efficiency and its influencing factors is obtained by fitting tools. In this paper, ultrasonic water mist is added to filter and dedusting device to improve the dust removal efficiency and reduce the pressure drop in the process. The dust removal efficiency is improved by adding a proper amount of surfactant in the atomization solution. A mathematical model based on dimensional analysis method is established, which is beneficial to the optimal design of dust removal system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X701.2

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本文編號(hào)：1945384