本文選題：好氧顆粒污泥 + 硝化作用��； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于水體富營養(yǎng)化問題日益突出和排水標準的不斷提高,使得污水脫氮問題成為水污染防治中較為廣泛關(guān)注的熱點。因傳統(tǒng)的生物脫氮技術(shù)在處理高濃度氨氮廢水時存在效率較低、效果差等問題,為此發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、高效的新型脫氮技術(shù)具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。由于好氧顆粒污泥具有良好的沉降性能、抗沖擊負荷能力強、生物固體停留時間長和生物量大的特點,因此是一種十分有前景的污水處理技術(shù)。本研究通過培養(yǎng)能夠高效處理高濃度氨氮廢水的好氧顆粒污泥,對其胞外聚合物(EPS)以及影響好氧顆粒污泥去除氨氮的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進行了研究,以期為利用好氧顆粒污泥技術(shù)處理高濃度氨氮廢水的實際應(yīng)用提供參考。在SBR反應(yīng)器運行90 d后得到呈球形或橢球形、深褐色的能同步去除有機物和高濃度氨氮的好氧顆粒污泥,對COD和NH4+-N的平均去除率分別為91.51%和97.94%,出水中NO2--N積累率為75.56%,因此系統(tǒng)發(fā)生短程硝化過程,污泥沉降性能良好,顆粒形成后穩(wěn)定運行的反應(yīng)器內(nèi)污泥濃度穩(wěn)定保持在6000 mg/L左右。成熟的好氧顆粒污泥表面存在大量的桿菌和球菌,為好氧顆粒污泥的高效處理奠定基礎(chǔ)。曝氣時間、曝氣量、排水比和進水氨氮濃度對污染物去除效果有較大的影響。隨著曝氣時間的延長,NH4+-N濃度呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,到120 min基本反應(yīng)完全,NH4+-N濃度從134.94mg/L降低至2 mg/L以下,然而COD濃度呈現(xiàn)先快速下降再緩慢下降的趨勢,最后在180 min下降到5.46 mg/L以下。隨著曝氣量的增加,NH4+-N和COD的去除效果均表現(xiàn)為先升高后趨于穩(wěn)定的趨勢,當曝氣量不低于150 L/h時,好氧顆粒污泥對污染物的去除效果較好,NH4+-N和COD的平均去除率分別為99.43%和92.91%;隨著排水比的增加,NH4+-N和COD的去除效果呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,當排水比為50%時,NH4+-N和COD的去除效果最好,平均去除率分別為97.65%和94.74%;隨著進水NH4+-N濃度的升高,NH4+-N和COD的去除效果呈下降趨勢,在進水NH4+-N濃度低于500 mg/L時,氨氮的去除一直保持在較高的水平,平均去除率均可達94%以上,而COD的去除率始終在91%以上。在穩(wěn)定運行條件下,好氧顆粒污泥EPS、PN、PS和PN/PS分別為594.22~825.79 mg/L、443.50~666.37 mg/L、127.54~159.42 mg/L和3~5,且在總EPS和TB-EPS中,PNPS,而在LB-EPS中,PSPN。EPS的存在對好氧顆粒污泥的穩(wěn)定起著非常重要的作用。
[Abstract]:Due to the increasingly prominent eutrophication problem and the continuous improvement of drainage standards, nitrogen removal from sewage has become a hot spot in water pollution prevention and control. Because the traditional biological nitrogen removal technology has some problems such as low efficiency and poor effect in the treatment of high concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater, it is of great practical significance to develop an economical and efficient new denitrification technology. Aerobic granular sludge is a promising wastewater treatment technology due to its good settling performance, strong impact resistance, long residence time of biological solids and large biomass. In this study, aerobic granular sludge which can efficiently treat high concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater was cultured. The extracellular polymer EPSs and the key parameters affecting the removal of ammonia nitrogen from aerobic granular sludge were studied. In order to provide a reference for the practical application of aerobic granular sludge technology in the treatment of high concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater. After 90 days of operation in SBR reactor, aerobic granular sludge with spherical or ellipsoid shape and dark brown can simultaneously remove organic matter and high concentration of ammonia nitrogen was obtained. The average removal rates of COD and NH4 -N were 91.51% and 97.94%, respectively, and the accumulation rate of NO2--N in the effluent was 75.56%, so the short-cut nitrification process took place in the system, the sludge settling performance was good, and the sludge concentration in the reactor that operated stably after granulation was kept stable at about 6000 mg/L. A large number of bacteria and cocci were found on the surface of mature aerobic granular sludge, which laid the foundation for the efficient treatment of aerobic granular sludge. Aeration time, aeration rate, drainage ratio and influent ammonia nitrogen concentration have great influence on pollutant removal. With the extension of aeration time, NH _ 4-N concentration decreased from 134.94mg/L to less than 2 mg/L. However, the concentration of COD decreased rapidly first and then slowly, and finally decreased below 5.46 mg/L at 180 min. With the increase of aeration rate, the removal efficiency of NH _ 4-N and COD increased first and then tended to be stable, when the aeration rate was not less than 150L / h, The average removal rates of NH _ 4-N and COD were 99.43% and 92.91, respectively. With the increase of drainage ratio, the removal efficiency of NH _ 4-N and COD showed a downward trend, and the removal efficiency of NH _ 4-N and COD was the best when the drainage ratio was 50, and the average removal efficiency of NH _ 4-N and COD were 99.43% and 92.91, respectively, when the drainage ratio was 50, the average removal efficiency of NH _ 4-N and COD was 99.43% and 92.91, respectively. The average removal rates were 97.65% and 94.74%, respectively, and the removal efficiency of NH4-N and COD decreased with the increase of influent NH4 -N concentration. When the influent NH4 -N concentration was lower than 500 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate remained at a higher level. The average removal rate was over 94%, while the removal rate of COD was always above 91%. Under the condition of stable operation, the PN/PS and PS of aerobic granular sludge were 594.22 ~ 825.79 mg / L ~ (44) 3.50 ~ 666.37 mg / L ~ (-1) 127.54 ~ 159.42 mg/L and 3 ~ 5 mg / L, respectively, and the presence of PSPN.EPS in LB-EPS played a very important role in the stabilization of aerobic granular sludge.
【學位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 高春娣;王惟肖;李浩;焦二龍;彭永臻;;SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的優(yōu)化[J];中國環(huán)境科學;2015年02期

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本文編號：1943778