本文選題：空氣污染 + 地方政府�。� 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟增速不斷加快,工業(yè)發(fā)展過程中以酸雨、PM2.5、氫氧化碳、二氧化硫等為主的復(fù)合型跨區(qū)域的空氣污染日趨嚴(yán)重。特別是2013年爆發(fā)的大規(guī)模、持續(xù)性霧霾污染覆蓋了華北、華東各大區(qū)域,逐漸成為影響人們健康生活的“隱形殺手”。由于空氣污染的不可分割性、流動性以及跨區(qū)域性等自然屬性與我國當(dāng)前環(huán)境管理體制之間無法調(diào)和的內(nèi)在矛盾,我國空氣污染治理成效不佳,單一行政主體的治理方式常常陷入一種“越治理,越污染”的治理生態(tài)怪圈。而伴隨著我國區(qū)域一體化進程的加快,我國地方政府逐漸突破行政區(qū)劃的限制,由封閉競爭走向互動合作。在此背景下,各級地方政府積極突破行政區(qū)域的限制合作治理空氣污染,是時代潮流的引導(dǎo),也是實現(xiàn)空氣污染防治的必然。近年來,我國地方政府在合作治理空氣污染問題上進行了積極的探索與嘗試,然而,現(xiàn)階段我國地方政府空氣污染的合作治理水平依然處于初級階段,存在著合作范圍較窄、深度不夠、效能不明顯,合作治理的制度化、組織化、規(guī)范化程度低等問題。那么,如何協(xié)調(diào)空氣治理中各地方政府關(guān)系,推動地方政府的合作共治與互動雙贏;如何優(yōu)化當(dāng)前空氣污染防治中我國地方政府合作治理動力不足,合作決策的臨時應(yīng)對式、合作執(zhí)法行動的碎片化、合作監(jiān)督問責(zé)失效等弊端,推動地方政府在制度化框架下實現(xiàn)常態(tài)化、規(guī)范化、科學(xué)化、持續(xù)性合作治理,從而實現(xiàn)大氣整體質(zhì)量的提升,就是本文研究的核心所在。基于此,按照“發(fā)現(xiàn)問題-分析問題-形成假設(shè)-論證假設(shè)”的研究思路,筆者通過梳理我國地方政府空氣治理的政策背景,發(fā)現(xiàn)研究問題;通過對問題的進一步提煉,發(fā)現(xiàn)基于制度規(guī)范的合作決策的常態(tài)化、基于組織保障的合作執(zhí)行的規(guī)范化、基于多元主體的合作監(jiān)督的科學(xué)化是我國地方政府空氣污染合作治理優(yōu)化的目標(biāo)所在。進而,以問題為導(dǎo)向,對空氣治理中我國地方政府合作決策的應(yīng)對性、合作執(zhí)行的碎片化、合作監(jiān)督問責(zé)失效這三個關(guān)鍵性因素展開分析、設(shè)計和論證,得出優(yōu)化方案具有合理性和進步性的研究結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of economic growth in China, the air pollution of complex cross-region with acid rain PM2.5, carbon hydroxide, sulfur dioxide and so on is becoming more and more serious in the process of industrial development. Especially in 2013, persistent haze pollution has spread over all regions of North China and East China, and has gradually become a "invisible killer" affecting people's healthy lives. Because of the indivisibility of air pollution, the inherent contradiction between natural attributes such as mobility and cross-region and the current environmental management system in China, the air pollution control in our country has not achieved good results. The management mode of single administrative subject often falls into a kind of ecological circle of "more management, more pollution". With the acceleration of the process of regional integration in China, our local governments gradually break through the restrictions of administrative divisions, from closed competition to interactive cooperation. Under this background, local governments at all levels actively break through the restrictions of administrative regions and cooperate to control air pollution, which is the guide of the times and the necessity of realizing the prevention and control of air pollution. In recent years, the local governments of our country have carried on the positive exploration and the attempt in the cooperation air pollution question, however, at present our country local government air pollution cooperation treatment level is still in the primary stage, the cooperation scope is relatively narrow. The depth is not enough, the efficiency is not obvious, the cooperation governs the systematization, the organization, the standardization degree and so on the question is low. Then, how to coordinate the relations between local governments in air management, promote the cooperation of local governments and mutual win-win situation, how to optimize the current air pollution prevention and control of our local governments lack of power, cooperative decision-making of temporary response, The fragmentation of cooperative law enforcement actions and the invalidation of accountability for cooperative supervision promote the local governments to realize the normalization, standardization, scientific and continuous cooperative governance under the institutionalized framework, so as to improve the overall quality of the atmosphere. Is the core of this study. Based on this, according to the research idea of "Discovery problem-Analysis problem-form hypothesis-demonstration hypothesis", the author finds out the research problem by combing the policy background of local government air governance in our country, and further refining the problem. It is found that the normalization of cooperative decision-making based on institutional norms, the standardization of cooperative execution based on organizational security, and the scientization of cooperative supervision based on multiple subjects are the objectives of the cooperative control of air pollution by local governments in China. Then, taking the problem as the direction, the paper analyzes, designs and demonstrates the three key factors of the local government's cooperative decision-making in air management, the fragmentation of the cooperative implementation, and the failure of the cooperative supervision and accountability. The conclusion is that the optimization scheme is reasonable and progressive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X51;D630

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