本文選題：三維電極 + 生活廢水�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：三維電極技術(shù)是一種新型的電化學技術(shù),因其具有高效、環(huán)保和操作簡單等特點被廣泛應(yīng)用于廢水處理領(lǐng)域。近年來,三維電極技術(shù)在廢水治理方面的應(yīng)用研究主要是針對難降解有機廢水和含金屬離子廢水的處理,并且取得了較好的處理效果,而用于處理生活廢水的研究報道較為少見。本文采用以石墨為陽極,不銹鋼為陰極,柱狀活性炭為粒子電極的自制圓筒構(gòu)型三維電極反應(yīng)裝置開展對模擬生活廢水的試驗研究,試驗考察了在活性炭填充量不同的情況下電壓、電解時間、電解質(zhì)濃度、電解質(zhì)種類、pH等因素對廢水中化學需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)、總磷(TP)去除效果的影響,并對其去除機理加以分析。研究結(jié)果表明:粒子電極填充高度為500mm時污染物的去除效果高于填充高度為100mm的三維電解體系。在0~50min內(nèi)增加電解時間有利于去除效率的提高,之后隨著時間的延長各指標去除率趨于穩(wěn)定。粒子電極填充高度500mm,電解50min時COD去除率達到68%,NH3-N、TP的去除率分別達到71.38%、64%。COD和NH3-N的去除率隨電壓的增加出現(xiàn)峰值,電壓增大到9V時,COD和NH3-N的去除率分別為68%、71.38%,當反應(yīng)電壓進一步增加,去除率反而下降;電壓對TP的影響趨勢與COD、NH3-N不同,5V時TP去除率為64%,之后隨電壓的增加去除率接近平穩(wěn)。廢水呈中性有利于COD、NH3-N的去除。粒子電極填充高度為100mm的試驗中,分別選用氯化鈉(NaCl)和硫酸鈉(Na2SO4)作電解質(zhì),結(jié)果表明NaCl體系中的COD、NH3-N去除率高于Na2SO4體系,相同條件下,NaCl作電解質(zhì)COD、NH3-N的去除率可達到46%、58%,而Na2SO4作電解質(zhì)COD、NH3-N的去除率只有32%和44%左右。粒子電極填充高度為500mm的試驗中,NaCl作電解質(zhì),COD、NH3-N的去除率隨其濃度的增加呈先升高后下降的趨勢。NaCl濃度為0.02mol/L時,COD、NH3-N的去除效果最好,分別達到68%和71.38%,NaCl濃度大于0.02mol/L去除效率反而降低。電解質(zhì)濃度對TP去除效果影響不明顯;NaCl濃度為0.01mol/L時TP去除率70%左右,之后隨濃度的增加去除率略微下降。NaCl濃度為0.02mol/L時TP去除率64%。綜合分析,本試驗在活性炭粒子電極填充高度500mm、電壓9V、電解時間50min、廢水水質(zhì)呈中性、NaCl作電解質(zhì)濃度為0.02mol/L的條件下,對廢水中COD、NH3-N和TP的去除效果較好,分別可以達到68%、71%、64%左右。在三維電解裝置中,COD、NH3-N的去除主要通過電極的直接氧化作用和中間產(chǎn)物的間接氧化作用完成,因此在不同操作條件下,兩者變化趨勢相似。TP的去除主要依靠粒子電極層的吸附截留作用。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional electrode technology is a new electrochemical technology, which is widely used in wastewater treatment field because of its high efficiency, environmental protection and simple operation. In recent years, the application of three-dimensional electrode technology in wastewater treatment is mainly aimed at the treatment of refractory organic wastewater and wastewater containing metal ions, and good results have been obtained. However, there are few reports on the treatment of domestic wastewater. In this paper, a self-made cylindrical three-dimensional electrode reactor with graphite as anode, stainless steel as cathode and columnar activated carbon as particle electrode was used to study the simulated domestic wastewater. The effects of voltage, electrolytic time, electrolyte concentration and electrolyte pH on the removal efficiency of COD, NH _ 3-N ~ (3 +) and TP in wastewater were investigated and the removal mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that the removal efficiency of pollutants was higher when the filling height of particle electrode was 500mm than that in the three dimensional electrolysis system with filling height of 100mm. The increase of electrolytic time in 0~50min is beneficial to the improvement of removal efficiency, and then the removal rate of each index tends to be stable with the prolongation of time. The electrode filling height was 500mm, and the removal rate of COD reached 68.38% NH _ 3-NN ~ (2 +) TP in electrolysis of 50min, respectively. The removal rate of COD and NH3-N reached a peak value with the increase of voltage. When the voltage increased to 9 V, the removal rates of COD and NH3-N were 68.75% and 71.38%, respectively, and the reaction voltage increased further. The effect of voltage on TP is different from that of COD NH _ 3-N. The removal rate of TP is 64 V, and the removal rate is almost stable with the increase of voltage. The neutralization of waste water is beneficial to the removal of CODN. In the experiment with 100mm filling height, sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium sulfate (Na _ 2SO _ 4) were used as electrolytes. The results showed that the removal rate of COD _ (3) -N in NaCl system was higher than that in Na2SO4 system. Under the same conditions, the removal rate of NH _ 3-N of Na2SO4 electrolyte can reach 46%, while that of Na2SO4 electrolyte is only about 32% and 44%. The removal rate of NH _ 3-N of CODN was increased first and then decreased with the increase of concentration of 500mm. The removal efficiency of NH _ 3-N was the best when the concentration of 0.02mol/L was 0.02mol/L, and the removal efficiency of NH _ 3-N reached 68% and 71.38%, respectively, which was lower than that of 0.02mol/L. The effect of electrolyte concentration on TP removal was not obvious. When the concentration of 0.01mol/L was 0.01mol/L, the TP removal rate was about 70%, and then decreased slightly with the increase of concentration. When the concentration of NaCl was 0.02mol/L, the removal rate of TP was 64%. Comprehensive analysis shows that under the conditions of the electrode filling height of 500mm, voltage of 9V, electrolysis time of 50min, and the concentration of neutral 0.02mol/L as electrolyte, the removal efficiency of COD _ 3-N and TP in wastewater is better, and the removal rate of COD _ 3-N and TP can reach about 68% respectively. The removal of NH _ 3-N in the three-dimension electrolysis unit is mainly accomplished by direct oxidation of the electrode and indirect oxidation of the intermediate product. Therefore, under different operating conditions, the removal of NH _ 3-N is mainly achieved by the direct oxidation of the electrode and the indirect oxidation of the intermediate product. The removal of TP mainly depends on the adsorption and retention of particle electrode layer.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X799.3

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